2015年12月大学英语四级翻译模拟练习与答案解释
翻译题目1、
在这个信息爆炸的时代，大学生的阅读习惯变得碎片化、功利化。一项调查结果显示，许多大学生每日阅读不足1小时，而上网时间却超过了4小时。现在年轻人喜欢看一些“更实用的”书籍，如考试指导及职业指南。专家指出，碎片化、功利化阅读削弱了学生的思考以及分析能力。他们一再强调，学生应多去阅读人文作品以提升自身的审美品位（aesthetic taste）。
表达难点
1.第1句中的“大学生的阅读习惯变得碎片化、功利化”如果直译为the reading habit of college students becomes fragmented and utilitarian 大学英语四级答案则意思传达得不清晰，应转换成“大学生以……方式来阅读”（read in a…manner），以便于理解。
2.第2句中的“每日阅读时间不足1小时，而上网时间却超过了4小时”如果直译为the time for reading is less than one hour every day, while the time online is more than four hours 则表
达冗长、生硬，不如译为动词短语read for…, but spend…，这样处理更简洁、更符合英语表达习惯。
3.在倒数第2句中，“能力”的定语“学生的思考以及分析”较长，可将其处理成后置定语，用不定式短语to think and analyze 来表达。
4.juice怎么读在最后一句中“一再强调（某人做某亊）”的常用表达是insist that（sb. do sth.）：“以提升自身的审美品位”表目的，故将其处理成目的状语，译作to develop aesthetic taste of their own.
参考译文
In an era of information explosion, college students are now reading in a fragmented and utilitarian manner. According to a survey, many college students read for less than an hour every day, but spend more than four hours online daily. Young people nowadays like to read "more practical" books, such as guidance for exams and occupations. Experts pointed out that fragmented and utilitarian reading undermine students' ability to think an
d analyze. They insist that students read more humanity works to develop aesthetic taste of their own.
翻译题目2、
俗话说，“到北京，不到长城非好汉，不吃烤鸭（roast duck）真遗憾！ ”烤鸭是北京的地方风味，已有1600多年的历史。对于那些想更多地了解中国菜和中国文化习俗的人来说，北京烤鸭就是一个不错的选择。脆皮（crisp skin）和嫩肉是北京烤鸭的特点。北京最出名的老字号（centuries-old/time-honored brand）烤鸭店是 “全聚德”。创建于1864年的全聚德备受各国元首、政府官员及国内外游客喜爱。
表达难点
1.第1句中的“不到长城非好汉，不吃烤鸭真遗憾！”若逐字对译0ne who fails to Great Wal1 is not a hero and it is a pity if you do not dine on Beijing Roast Duckoece，则句子显得冗长、生硬。釆用意译的方法将其表达为 No visit to Beijing is complete if you miss eing the Great Wall or dining on Beying Roast Duck则更胜一筹，句子结构对称，语言简洁且到位。
2.第2句“烤鸭是北京的地方风味，已有1600多年的历史”原句是并列的两个结构，但为使译文的重点更突出，可将前半句处理成主干(Roast Duck is the local flavor of Beijing)，后半句则处理成伴随状语，用介词短语with a history of over 1，600 years来表达，该部分也可移至句首。
3.第3句中的定语“想更多地了解中国菜和中国文化习俗的”较长，故将其处理成定语从句，译作whowant to learn more about Chine dishes, cultures and customs.
4.最后一句中的定语“创建于1864年的”实表被动意义，故用过去分词短语t up in 1864来表达，因后面句子成分较长，为平衡句子结构，故将其置于句首作状语。
参考译文
As a Chine saying goes, "No visit to Beijing is complete if you miss eing the Great Wall or dining on Beijing Roast Duck". With a histoiy of over 1,600 years, Roast Duck is the local flavor of Beijing. For tho who want to learn more about Chine dishes, cultures and customs, it is really a good choice. Beijing Roast Duck is characterized by its
crisp skin and tender meat. The most well-known centuries-old brand Roast Duck restaurant in Beijing is Quanjude. Set up in 1864, it is much loved by heads of state, government officials and tourists from home and abroad.
翻译题目3、beaches
中国的重阳节（Double Ninth Festival）由来已久。人们普遍认为重阳节源于“辟邪”（warding off evil）。曼尼托巴大学 耐心英语这一天的活动，包括登山、赏菊（chrysanthemum）、喝菊花酒等。随着时间的推移，它变成了一个庆祝的节日。 词汇这天，家人团聚在一起，也会纪念家族的祖先。1989年，我国把这一天定为老人节（Seniors' Day），表达我们对老人的尊敬与爱戴，使这个节日在新的历史时期继续发挥文化传承的作用。
表达难点
1.第1句中的“由来已久”可用has a long history来表达。
2.第2句中的“人们普遍认为”可以直译为people commonly believe that，但英语更为地道的表达是it is widely believed that，因为根据上下文来看，施动者不言自明，故没必要译出。
3.第5句“这天，家人团聚在一起，也会纪念家族的祖先”，可译成用and引导的并列结构people come together for family reunion and remember their ancestors.
4.第6句中的“我国”可直译为our country，但因为此动作属于政府行为，故译成the Chine government更准确。“把这一天定为老人节”可套用结构make sth. sth.（使……成为……），故表达为made this day Seniors' Day.因本句较长，结构复杂，宜采取“分译”法，故“使这个节日……”另起一句。
参考译文
The Double Ninth Festival in China has a long history. It is widely believed that the festival came from the activities of "warding off evil" on that day, including climbing hills, appreciating chrysanthemums and drinking chrysanthemum wine. Over time it became a day of celebration. On this day, people come together for family reunion and remember their ancestors. In 1989, the Chine govenunent made this day Seniors' Day to show our respect and love to the elder people. This festival, therefore, continues to play a role in carrying on culture in the new era.
翻译题目4、
智能手机日益渗入人们的生活。许多年轻人似乎一刻也离不开它。在大街上，经常可以看到一些年轻人不停地用智能手机拍照，添加一段说明，然后放到微博（boundlessmicroblog）或微信（WeChat）上。的确，智能手机为人们的沟通提供了前所未有的便利：它让人们能随时随地与朋友互动，分享新鲜事。但是，相关学者对此也表示了担忧。因为智能手机反而使身边的人疏远了。
表达难点bility
1.笫1句中的“日益”用副词increasingly来表达，比短语more and more来得精彩。
2.第2句“许多年轻人似乎一刻也离不开它”套用句型比ems that…来表达，更符合英语表达习惯。
3.第3句中的“一些年轻人不停地用智能手机拍照”如果逐字对译为someyoung people can't stop using their smart phones to take pictures，则稍显生涩。把“不停地”译成 be busy doing sth…“用智能手机”置 于句末作状语on their smart phones，符合英语表达习惯。“然
后放到微博或微信上”中的“然后”表明先后顺序，可直译为and then，但英语中更常用before “在……之前”来表达动作的先后顺序，这种说法更地道。
4.第4句中的“提供了……便利：它让人们能随时随地与朋友互动，分享新鲜事”，此句冒号后的内容为“提供便利”的具体形式，故可用by引导的介词短语表达。“随时随地个是时间状语，另一个是地点状语。在英语表达习惯里，时间状语比地点状语更为远离中心语，因此译为anywhere anytime.
参考译文神探夏洛特
Smart phone increasingly penetrates into people's lives. It ems that many young people can't live a moment without it. In the streets, we can often e that young people are busy taking pictures and typing some information on their smart phones, before posting them on their microblogs or WeChat. Indeed, smart phones provide great convenience for people by letting them interact with friends anywhere anytime and share something new. However, some scholars concerned egress concern towards it Smart phones are driving their ixre away from people around them.
