habit考研英语阅读juggling
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迪拜十大建筑Habit are a funny thing. We reach for them 夫妻之间如何相处mindlessly, tting our brains on auto-pilot and relaxing into the unconscious comfort of familiar routine. "Not choice, but habit rules the unreflecting herd," William Wordsworth said in the 19th century. In the ever-changing 21st century, even the word "habit" carries a negative implication
21. The Wordsworth’s view, “habits” is claimed by being ________.
A. casual B. familiar C. mechanical D. changeable
So it ems paradoxical to talk about habits in the same context as creativity and innovation. But brain rearchers have discovered that when we consciously develop new habits, we create parallel paths, and even entirely new brain cells, that can jump our trains of thought onto new, innovative tracks.
22. Brain rearchers have discovered that the formation of new habits can be ________
A. predicted B. regulated C. traced D. guided
mobilemeRather than dismissing ourlves as unchangeable creatures of habit, we can instead direct our own change by consciously developing new habits. In fact, the more new things we try—the more we step outside our comfort zone—the more inherently creative we become, both in the workplace and in our personal lives.
But don't bother trying to kill off old habits; once tho ruts of procedure are worn into the hippocampus, they're there to stay. Instead, the new habits we deliberately ingrain into ourlves create parallel pathways that can bypass tho old roads.
23. The word "ruts"( Line 1, Paragraph 4) is clost meaning to ________
A. tracks B. ries C. characteristics D. connections
"The first thing needed for innovation is a fascination with wonder," says Dawna Markova英语教研组计划>designer, author of "The Open Mind" and an executive change consultant for Professional Thinking Partners. "But we are taught instead to 'decide,' just as our presid
ent calls himlf 'the Decider.' " She adds, however, that "to decide is to kill off all possibilities but one. A good innovational thinker is always exploring the many other possibilities."
24. Dawna Markova would most probably agree that ________.
a number of
A. ideas are born of a relaxing mind
B. innovativeness could be taught
activisionC. decisiveness derives from fantastic ideas
D. curiosity activates creative minds
All of us work through problems in ways of which we're unaware, she says. Rearchers in the late 1960s discovered that humans are born with the capacity to approach challenges in four primary ways: analytically, procedurally, relationally (or collaboratively) and innovatively. At the end of adolescence, however, the brain shuts down half of that ca
pacity, prerving only tho modes of thought that have emed most valuable during the first decade or so of life.
The current emphasis on standardized testing highlights analysis and procedure, meaning that few of us inherently u our innovative and collaborative modes of thought. "This breaks the major rule in the American belief system — that anyone can do anything," explains M. J. Ryan, author of the 2006 book This Year and Ms. Markova's business partner. "That's a lie that we have perpetuated, and it fosters commonness. Knowing what you're good at and doing even more of it creates excellence." This is where developing new habits comes in.
25. Ryan's comments suggest that the practice of standardized testing ________
约翰卡朋特A, prevents new habits form being formed
B, no longer emphasizes commonness
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C, maintains the inherent American thinking model
D, complies with the American belief system
