2011 Text 1
Paragraph 1
快钱寻宝小游戏
1、The decision of the New York Philharmonic to hire Alan Gilbert as its next music director has been the talk of the classical-music world ever since the sudden announcement of his appointment in 2009. 纽约爱乐乐团决定聘请Alan Gilbert作为下一任的音乐总监，这从2009年任命被宣布之日起就在古典音乐界引起了热议。
1.1 hire英/'haɪə/ n. 雇用，租用；租金，工钱vt. 雇用；出租vi. 雇用，租用；受雇
2、For the most part, the respon has been favorable, to say the least. “Hooray! At last!” wrote Anthony Tommasini, a sober-sided classical-music critic. 别的不说，大部分人的反应是积极的。"好啊，终于好了！" Anthony Tommasini写道，他可是一个以严肃著称的古典音乐评论家。
2.1 to say the least退一步说，退一步说，最起码，至少可以说
2.2 sober英/'səʊbə/ 美/'sobɚ/adj. 冷静的，清醒的；未醉的vt. 使严肃；使醒酒，使清醒Paragraph 2
1、One of the reasons why the appointment came as such a surpri, however, is that Gilbert is comp
aratively little known. 但是，这个任命之所以一起人们惊讶的原因却是Gilbert相对而言并不是很有名。
1.1 appointment英/əˈpɔɪntmənt/ 美/ə'pɔɪntmənt/n. 任命；约定；任命的职位
1.2 comparatively英/kəm'pærətɪvlɪ/ 美/kəm'pærətɪvli/adv. 比较地；相当地
to begin with2、Even Tommasini, who had advocated Gilbert`s appointment in the Times, calls him “an unpretentious musician with no air of the formidable conductor about him.” 甚至在时代杂志上发文支持Gilbert任命的Tommasini都称其为：低调的音乐家，在他身上找不到那种飞扬跋扈的指挥家的气质。 2.1 unpretentious英/ʌnprɪ'tenʃəs/ adj. 谦逊的；含蓄的；不炫耀的；不铺张的
2.2 formidable英/'fɔːmɪdəb(ə)l; fɔː'mɪd-/ adj. 强大的；可怕的；令人敬畏的；艰难的
2.3 conductor英/kən'dʌktə/ 美/kən'dʌktɚ/n. 导体；售票员；领导者；管理人；指挥家
3、As a description of the next music director of an orchestra that has hitherto been led by musicians like Gustav Mahler and Pierre Boulez, that ems likely to have struck at least some Times readers as faint prai. 纽约爱乐乐团迄今为止都是由像Gustav Mahler（古斯塔夫•马勒）和Pierre Boulez布列兹那样的音乐家领导的。这样去描述这个乐团的下一位指挥，至少对于时代的读者而言，这是一种苍白的表扬。 3.1 description英/dɪ'skrɪpʃ(ə)n/ n. 描述，描写；类型；说明书
3.2 orchestra英/'ɔːkɪstrə/ 美/'ɔrkɪstrə/n. 管弦乐队；乐队演奏处
3.3 hitherto英/hɪðə'tuː; 'hɪðətuː/ 美/,hɪðɚ'tu/adv. 迄今；至今
3.4 faint英/feɪnt/ 美/fent/n. [中医] 昏厥，昏倒adj. 模糊的；头晕的；虚弱的；[医] 衰弱的vi. 昏倒；变得微弱；变得没气力
Paragraph 3
1、For my part, I have no idea whether Gilbert is a great conductor or even a good one. To be sure, he performs an impressive variety of interesting compositions, but it is not necessary for me to visit Avery Fisher Hall, or anywhere el, to hear interesting orchestral music. 就我看来，我不知道Gilbert是否是一个伟大的指挥家或者是一个好的指挥。但是我能确定的是，他能表现出很多有趣的乐章，但是我却应该不会去Avery Fisher Hall或者其他地方去听一场有趣的交响乐演出。
1.1 impressive英/ɪm'presɪv/ 美/ɪm'prɛsɪv/adj. 感人的；令人钦佩的；给人以深刻印象的
1.2 variety英/və'raɪətɪ/ 美/və'raɪəti/n. 多样；种类；杂耍；变化，多样化
2、All I have to do is to go to my CD shelf, or boot up my computer and download still more recorde
d music from iTunes. 我要做的事情就是去我的CD架上，或者打开的我的电脑从ITUNES上下载更
多的唱片。2.1 boot英/buːt/n. 靴子；踢；汽车行李箱vt. 引导；踢；解雇；使穿靴boot up启动Paragraph 4
soforth1、Devoted concertgoers who reply that recordings are no substitute for live performance are missing the point. 那些忠实的音乐会观众会讲唱片并不能代替现场的演出，但是他们忽略了一些事情。
1.1 concertgoer英/'kɒnsət,gəʊə/ 美/'kɑnsɚt,goɚ/n. 常去听音乐会者
2、For the time, attention, and money of the art-loving public, classical instrumentalists must compete not only with opera hous, dance troupes, theater companies, and muum s, but also with the recorded performances of the great classical musicians of the 20th century. 当下为了获得艺术爱好者的钱，时间，关注度，古典音乐的演奏家们（其实就是指交响乐团，同意复述）不仅要和剧院，舞蹈队，演出公司和博物馆竞争，而且还需要和那些记录了20世纪的伟大的古典音乐演奏者表演的唱片竞争。 2.1 substitute英/'sʌbstɪtjuːt/ n. 代用品；代替者vi. 替代vt. 代替
2.2 instrumentalist英/ɪnstrə'ment(ə)lɪst/ n. 工具主义者；乐器演奏家adj. 工具主义的
英语四级考试报名时间2.3 opera英/'ɒp(ə)rə/ 美/'ɑprə/n. 歌剧；歌剧院；歌剧团big city
2.4 troupe英/truːp/ 美/trʊp/n. 剧团；一班；一团vi. 巡回演出
2. 5 muum英/mjuː'zɪəm/ 美/mjuˈzɪəm/n. 博物馆
3、There recordings are cheap, available everywhere, and very often much higher in artistic quality than today`s live performances; moreover, they can be “consumed” at a time and place of the listener`s choosing. 唱片很便宜，那里都能买到，并且比现在很多现场音乐会的艺术质量要高。进一步的讲，听众能选择听唱片的时间和地点。
4、The widespread availability of such recordings has thus brought about a crisis in the institution of the traditional classical concert. 这些到处可以获得的唱片给传统的演出机构带来了危机。
4.1 concert英/'kɒnsət/ 美/'kɑnsɚt/n. 音乐会；一致；和谐adj. 音乐会用的；在音乐会上演出的vt. 使协调；协同安排vi. 协调；协力
Paragraph 5
1、One possible respon is for classical performers to program attractive new music that is not yet available on record. 对于古典音乐演奏者而言，他们可能的一个回应就是排练出唱片上没有的曲目。
1.1 program英/'prəʊɡræm/ 美/'proɡræm/n. 程序；计划；大纲vt. 用程序指令；为…制订计划；为…安排节目vi. 编程序；安排节目；设计电脑程式
1.2 attractive英/ə'træktɪv/ 美/ə'træktɪv/adj. 吸引人的；有魅力的；引人注目的
2、Gilbert`s own interest in new music has been widely noted: Alex Ross, a classical-music critic, has described him as a man who is capable of turning the Philharmonic into “a markedly different, more vibrant organization.” But what will be the nature of that difference? Merely expanding the orchestra`s repertoire will not be enough. Gilbert对新音乐兴趣已经被广泛的关注了：Alex Ross，一名古典音乐的批评家，就这样描述道：他能够把爱乐乐团变成一个完全不同，更加有活力的组织。但这种差异的本质是什么呢？可能仅仅增加乐团演出的曲目是不够的.
2.1 markedly英/'mɑːkɪdlɪ/ 美/'ma:kidli/adv. 明显地；显著地；引人注目地
2.2 vibrant英/'vaɪbrənt/ 美/'vaɪbrənt/adj. 振动的；充满生气的；响亮的；战栗的
2.3 repertoire英/'repətwɑː/ n. 全部节目；计算机指令系统；（美）某人或机器的全部技能
3、If Gilbert and the Philharmonic are to succeed, they must first change the relationship between America`s oldest orchestra and the new audience it hops to attract. 如果Gilbert和他的乐团要进步的
话，他们就必须首先改变美国最古老的乐团（就是纽约爱乐乐团）同他们想吸引的新观众间的关系。
2011 Text 2
Paragraph 1
1、When Liam McGee depart ed as president of Bank of America in August, his explanation was surprisingly straight up. 当八月份，Liam McGee以总裁的身份从美国银行离职的时候，他的解释出人意料的直白。 1.1 depart英/dɪ'pɑːt/adj. 逝世的vi. 离开；出发，起程；违反；去世
1.2 straight up直率地；真实地；（酒）不加冰块的
赴美签证政策>wednesday是什么意思2、Rather than cloaking his exit in the usual vague excus, he came right out and said he was leaving “to pursue my goal of running a company.” Broadcasting his ambition was “very much my decision,” McGee says. 他没有忸怩的用平常的模糊的理由来遮掩他的离开，他很坦诚的讲他离开就是为了去追求他经营一家公司的目标。McGee说宣扬自己的目标就是自己的决定。
2.1 cloak英/kləʊk/ 美/klok/n. 斗蓬；宽大外衣；托词vt. 遮掩；隐匿
2.2 exit英/'eksɪt; 'egzɪt/ 美/'ɛɡzɪt/n. 出口，通道；退场vi. 退出；离去
2.3 vague英/veɪg/ 美/veɡ/adj. 模糊的；含糊的；不明确的；暧昧的
2.4 broadcast英/'brɔːdkɑːst/ 美/'brɔdkæst/n. 广播；播音；广播节目adj. 广播的vt. 播送，播放；（无线电或电视）广播；播撒（种子）vi. 广播，播送；播放
3、Within two weeks, he was talking for the first time with the board of Hartford Financial Services Group, which named him CEO and chairman on September 29. 两周后，他第一次和Hartford Financial Services Group的董事会第一次会谈，这家公司在9月29日提名他为董事会主席和CEO。Paragraph 2
1、McGee says leaving without a position lined up gave him time to reflect on what kind of company he wanted to run. It also nt a clear message to the outside world about his aspiration s.他说在离开的时候并没有找好后面的职位(下家)，使他有时间去反思他到底想去经营一家什么样的公司。这同时也就他的激情和决心，给了外界一个清晰的信号。
1.1 reflect英/rɪ'flekt/ vt. 反映；反射，照出；表达；显示；反省vi. 反射，映现；深思
yjp
1.2 aspiration英/æspə'reɪʃ(ə)n/ 美/æspəˈreʃən/n. 渴望；抱负；送气；吸气；吸引术
2、And McGee isn`t alone. In recent weeks the No.2 executives at Avon and American Express quit
puzzlewith the explanation that they were looking for a CEO post. As boards scrutinize succession plans in respon to shareholder pressure, executives who don`t get the nod also may wish to move on.这样做的并不只是McGee一个人。最近几周，Avon and American Express的一些高级经理离职并解释说想需找一个CEO的职位。当董事会迫于股东的压力对一系列的计划进行审查的时候，那些计划被否定掉的经理们也会想离开。 2.1 quit英/kwɪt/ n. 离开；[计] 退出vt. 离开；放弃；停止；使…解除adj. 摆脱了…的；已经了结的vi. 离开；辞职；停止
2.2 scrutinize英/'skru:tənaɪz/n. 仔细或彻底检查vt. 详细检查；细看vi. 细阅；作详细检查
2.3 succession英/sək'ʃ(ə)n/ 美/sək'sɛʃən/n. 连续；继位；继承权；[生态] 演替
3、A turbulent business environment also has nior managers cautious of letting vague pronouncements cloud their reputations. 激烈的商业环境同样使得高级经理很小心，模糊的表态可能会破坏他们的声誉。
3.1 turbulent英/'tɜːbjʊl(ə)nt/ adj. 骚乱的，混乱的；狂暴的；吵闹的；激流的，湍流的
3.2 manager英/'mænɪdʒə/ 美/'mænɪdʒɚ/n. 经理；管理人员
3.3 pronouncement英/prə'naʊnsm(ə)nt/ n. 声明；宣告；公告；判决
Paragraph 3
1、As the first signs of recovery begin to take hold, deputy chiefs may be more willing to make the jump without a net. 当经济复苏的标志开始确定的时候，二把手们可能更愿意在没有网(新的工作)情况下换工作。 1.1 deputy英/'depjʊtɪ/ 美/'dɛpjuti/n. 代理人，代表adj. 副的；代理的
2、In the third quarter, CEO turnover was down 23% from a year ago as nervous boards stuck with the
leaders they had, according to Liberum Rearch. 第三季度，根据Liberum的调查，CEO的更迭和一年前相比减少了23%，这是由于紧张的董事会紧盯着他们的CEO们。
2.1 quarter英/'kwɔːtə/ 美/'kwɔrtɚ/num. 四分之一n. 四分之一；地区；季度；一刻钟；两角五分；节vt. 将…四等分；供某人住宿vi. 住宿；驻扎In the third quarter 在第三季度
2.2 turnover英/'tɜːnəʊvə/ 美/'tɝn'ovɚ/n. 翻覆；[贸易] 营业额；流通量；半圆卷饼；失误adj. 翻过来的；可翻转的
3、As the economy picks up, opportunities will abound for aspiring leaders.随着经济的复苏和好转，对有理想的头儿们，机会是很多的。 3.1 aspiring英/ə'spaɪərɪŋ/ adj. 有抱负的；追求…的；高耸的as
pire英/ə'spaɪə/ 美/ə'spaɪr/vi. 渴望；立志；追求
Paragraph 4
1、The decision to quit a nior position to look for a better one is unconventional. For years executives and headhunters have adhered to the rule that the most attractive CEO candidates are the ones who must be poach ed. 离开高管的职位去寻找一个更好的职位，并不是传统的做法。多年以来，经理们和猎头们都认同这样一个原则：最有吸引力的CEO的竞争是那些需要去挖来的人。
1.1 unconventional英/ʌnkən'venʃ(ə)n(ə)l/ adj. 非常规的；非传统的；不依惯例的
1.2 adhered v. 坚持；粘附；依附（adhere的过去分词）
1.3 poach英/pəʊtʃ/ 美/potʃ/vt. 水煮；偷猎；窃取；把…踏成泥浆vi. 偷猎；侵犯；剽窃
2、Says Korn/Ferry nior partner Dennis Carey :”I can`t think of a single arch I`ve done where a board has not instructed me to look at sitting CEOs first.” Korn Ferry，资深合作伙伴Dennis Carey 说道：我所做的每一次的招聘中，董事会都要求我从那些在任的CEO中寻找人选。
Paragraph 5
1、Tho who jumped without a job haven`t always landed in top positions quickly. Ellen Marram quit as chief of Tropicana a decade age, saying she wanted to be a CEO. 那些没有找到工作就离开的人并不是很快就能找到顶级的职位。10年前，Ellen Marram以经理的身份离职了，她说他想当CEO。
2、It was a year before she became head of a tiny Internet-bad commodities exchange. Robert Willumstad left Citigroup in 2005 with ambitions to be a CEO. He finally took that post at a major financial institution three years later.但是花了一年的时间她才成为一家小型互联网交换公司的头。2005年Robert Willumstad带着想成为CEO的梦想离开了Citigroup。可是三年后他才成为了一家主要的金融机构的CEO。 2.1 tiny英/'taɪnɪ/ 美/'taɪni/adj. 微小的；很少的
2.2 commodity英/kə'mɒdɪtɪ/ 美/kə'mɑdəti/n. 商品，货物；日用品
Paragraph 6
1、Many recruiters say the old disgrace is fading for top performers. The financial crisis has made it more acceptable to be between jobs or to leave a bad one. 很多招聘的人都说对于高管而言，过去认为的丢脸的感觉(没有工作)已经慢慢消失了。金融危机已经使得跳槽，离开一个不好的工作变得更加可以接受了。 1.1 recruiter英/rɪ'kruːtə/ 美/rɪ'krʊtɚ/n. 招聘人员，征兵人员
1.2 disgrace英/dɪs'greɪs/ 美/dɪs'ɡres/n. 耻辱；丢脸的人或事；失宠vt. 使……失宠；给……丢脸；使……蒙受耻辱；贬黜
2、“The traditional rule was it`s safer to stay where you are, but that`s been fundamentally inverted,” says one headhunter. “The people who`ve been hurt the worst are tho who`ve stayed too long.”一个猎头就说到：“传统的规则是待在你原来的地方会更加安全，但是现在已经彻底改变了. 那些受伤最厉害的就是那里在一个地方待太久的人。”
2.1 fundamentally英/fʌndə'mentəlɪ/ 美/,fʌndə'mɛntəli/adv. 根本地，从根本上；基础地
2.2 inverted英/ɪn'vɜːtɪd/ adj. 倒转的，反向的v. 颠倒（invert的过去分词）；使…反向
2011 Text 3
美国大选预测
Paragraph 1
1、The rough guide to marketing success ud to be that you got what you paid for. No longer. 过去，市场营销的成功诀窍简而言之就是一分钱一分货。然而时过境迁。
1.1 rough英/rʌf/n. 艰苦；高低不平的地面；未经加工的材料；粗糙的部分adj. 粗糙的；粗略的；粗野的；艰苦的；未经加工的vt. 使粗糙；粗暴对待；草拟adv. 粗糙地；粗略地；粗暴地vi. 举止粗野
2、While traditional “paid” media – such as television commercials and print advertiments –still play a major role, companies today can exploit many alternative forms of media. 虽然传统的“付费”媒介，比如电视和广播广告、平面广告和路边广告牌等，仍然扮演着重要角色，但企业如今还可以利用许多其他形式的媒介。 2.1 exploit英/ˈeksplɔɪt;ɪkˈsplɔɪt/ n. 勋绩；功绩vt. 开发，开拓；剥削；开采
3、Consumers passionate about a product may create “owned” media by nding e-mail alerts about products and sales to customers registered with its Web site. 比如，痴迷于某种产品的消费者，可能会乐意将之推荐给朋友，从而为企业创造因产品的优良品质带来的“无偿”媒介。1企业还可以利用“自有”(owned)媒介，通过邮件向其网站的注册用户发送产品和销售提示。
3.1 alert英/ə'lɜːt/ n. 警戒，警惕；警报adj. 警惕的，警觉的；留心的vt. 警告；使警觉，使意识到
4、The way consumers now approach the broad range of factors beyond conventional paid media. 事实上，如今消费者作出购买决定的方式，意味着市场营销的影响力来自于传统付费媒介之外的广泛因素。
Paragraph 2
1、Paid and owned media are controlled by marketers promoting their own products. For earned me
dia , such marketers act as the initiator for urs` respons. But in some cas, one marketer`s owned media become another marketer`s paid media –for instance, when an e-commerce retailer lls ad space on its Web site. We define such sold media as owned media who traffic is so strong that other organizations place their content or e-commerce engines within that environment.营销人员通过付费和自有媒介推销其产品，而在“无偿”媒介方面，营销人员就像是触发用户响应的初始催化剂。在某些情况下，某营销者的自有媒介会成为另一个营销者的付费媒介。比如，当某电子商务零售商出售其网站的广告空间时，我们就将这种“售出”媒介定义为拥有巨大流量、以致其他机构纷纷前来投放内容或电子商务引擎的自有媒介。
1.1 initiator英/ɪ'nɪʃɪeɪtə/ 美/ɪ'nɪʃɪetɚ/n. 发起人，创始者；教导者；[计] 启动程序；引爆器
1.2 e-commerce英/i:kɒmərs/ 美/ˈiːˌkɒmɜːs/n. 电子商务
1.3 retailer英/'riːteɪlə/ 美/'ri:teilə/n. 零售商；传播的人
2、This trend ,which we believe is still in its infancy, effectively began with retailers and travel providers such as airlines and hotels and will no doubt go further. 我们认为，这种趋势已蓬勃发端于零售商和航空、酒店等旅游供应商，虽然还处于初始阶段，但无疑可以走得更远。
2.1 infancy英/'ɪnf(ə)nsɪ/ 美/'ɪnfənsi/n. 初期；婴儿期；幼年
3、Johnson & Johnson, for example, has created BabyCenter, a stand-alone media property that promotes complementary and even competitive products. Besides generating income, the prence of other marketers makes the site em objective, gives companies opportunities to learn valuable information about the appeal of other companies` marketing, and may help expand ur traffic for all companies concerned. 比如，强生公司创建了著名网站BabyCenter，借以推广互补性乃至竞争性产品，而其他营销者的出现不仅带来了收入，还令该网站看起来公正客观，并且使企业有机会从其他
