ANNEX
附录
GUIDE TO RECOVERY TECHNIQUES
营救技术指南
1I NTRODUCTION:YOUR PART IN RECOVERY AT SEA
介绍：海上营救中你的角色
1.1As a afarer,you may suddenly be faced with having to recover people in distress at a.This might be a person overboard from your own ship-a fellow crew member,or a pasnger-or your ship might be responding to someone el’s emergency;for example a ship abandoned becau of flooding,fire or a ditched aircraft.
作为一名海员，你也许会突然面对不得不营救在海上遇险的人员，这也许是一个从你船落水的人-一个船员兄弟，或一个乘客–或你船也许正在对紧急状态下的某一方做出反应；例如一船由于进水、火灾而弃船或一个海上迫降的飞行器。
1.2You may have to prepare,with little or no notice,to recover people-maybe very many people.Whoever they are,their lives may be in your hands.
在一点点或完全没有通知的情况下，你也许不得不去准备救人–也许非常多的人。无论他们是谁，他们的生命也许掌握在你们手中。
1.3In many areas of the world,especially when out of range of shore-bad arch and rescue(SAR)facilities,your ship may be the first,or the only,rescue unit to reach them. Even if you are joined by specialized units,you will still have a vital role to play, especially in a major incident.If you are required to recover people in distress,it is your capability and your ship that matters.You may have to find a unique solution to a unique lifesaving problem.To ensure that you can respond safely and effectively,you need to think about the general issues beforehand.
长春英语培训世界上的许多区域，尤其当超出岸基搜寻救助设施的范围的，你船也许是能够到达他们的最先的，或是仅有的救助单位。即使你是应邀加入一个特别的小组，你将仍然扮演一个重大的角色，特别是在一个重大的灾难中。如果你被要求去营救遇险中的人，你要尽己之能并确保自身的安全。你也许不得不找到一个独特的办法来解决一个独特的生命救助问题。为了确保你能安全有效的做出反应，你需要事先考虑那些普遍性的问题。
1.4The recovery process is often far from simple.For example,it may be complicated by：营救过程通常远非那么简单。例如，如下的因素也许使得营救复杂化：
.1difference in size between your ship and the survival craft:survivors may have to
climb or be lifted considerable distances to get into your ship;
你船和幸存船筏之间尺度的差异：幸存者也许不得不攀爬或被吊升相当大的距离才能到达你船。
.2differences in relative movement between your ship and the survival craft
bonoloto
alongside:it may be difficult to keep the survival craft alongside and for survivors
to get onto ladders etc or in through shell openings;or
你船和并靠在你船边的幸存船筏之间相对运动的差异：保持幸存船筏并靠和幸存者登梯等或通
过船壳开口处也许变得困难；或
.3physical capability of tho to be recovered:if they are incapacitated,they may be
able to do little or nothing to help themlves.
那些被营救者的体能：如果他们是失去体能的，他们就几乎或完全不能自救。
1.5This guide discuss some of the underlying problems,as well as some of the solutions.It suggests some practical recovery techniques which have been ud successfully to recover people in distress.
针插
本指南讨论这些潜在问题的一部分及他们的解决方法。建议了一些可行的已经在营救遇险人员中成功使用过的营救技术。
2A IMS OF THIS GUIDE本指南的目的
2.1This guide focus on recovery and the work you may have to do to achieve it.The need for recovery is rare,and your ship may not be designed for the task.However,you may find yourlf faced with having to attempt it.
本指引集中在营救和使得营救成功你不得不做的工作。营救的需要是稀少的，且你船也许没有设计该项任务。然而，你也许发现你自己所面临的是不得不去尝试它。
2.2This guide is intended to be ud as a reference document.You should read it now and you should refer to it again while proceeding to the scene of the emergency,as part of your preparation fo
r the recovery operation.
本指引的意图是作为一个参考文献来使用。你应该现在读它且当你在进行该紧急场景时你应该再次参考它，作为你为营救操作所准备的一个部分。
2.3The guide’s principal aims are to help you-as master or crew of a responding ship-to:
.1ASSESS and decide upon appropriate means of recovery aboard your own vesl;
.2TRAIN in the u of the means of recovery,in general preparation for emergencies;
and
女士风衣外套.3PREPARE yourlves and your vesl when actually responding to an emergency.
本指引的原则目标是来帮助你-作为一艘反应船的船长或船员-来
1、评估和决定适合本船的营救方法；
2、培训这些营救方法的使用，通常的应急准备；且
句子翻译在线3、当真正的应急反应时，准备好你自己和你的船。
2.4This guide supports the recovery guidance in Volume III of the International Aeronautical and Maritime Search and Rescue(IAMSAR)Manual,‘M OBILE F ACILITIES’, which should be available on board.Additional guidance is also in the Appendix to this guide.
该指引支撑了船上必须配备的IAMSAR手册第三卷里的营救指导，附加指导也本指引的附件里。
2.5Recovery-getting people in distress into your ship-is just a part of the overall rescue operation.For guidance on SAR operations as a whole you should refer to the IAMSAR Manual.
营救-将遇难人员弄到你船上-仅仅是整个搜救工作的一个部分。作为整个搜寻救助操作的指引你应该参考IAMSAR手册。
2.6For simplicity,this guide refers to lifeboats,liferafts,etc.as‘survival craft’.It is also possible that you will be recovering people from other small craft such as:small SAR units;directly from small vesls in distress such as yachts or fishing boats;or from the water,etc.In general the same recovery principles apply throughout.
简而言之，该指引谈及的救生艇，救生筏等作为‘救生载具”。你也有可能将从其他小筏里营救人员诸如：小的搜寻救助装置；直接从遇险的小船象游艇或渔船；或从水里等。总而言之同样的营救原则普遍适用。
3T HE TASK OF RECOVERY:POSSIBLE PROBLEMS
营救的任务：可能的问题
3.1When proceeding to the scene of an emergency at a,it is likely that you will only have limited information about what you will find when you get there.What you may well find are people in survival craft or in the water.You should prepare for their recovery.
当在海上前往一个应急现场，那是有可能的当你到达哪儿时你将仅有有限的关于你将要发现的东西的信息。你也许正好发现的是在救生载具里或在水里的人。你将为他们的营救做准备。
抽查英文
3.2Unless it is properly prepared for,the recovery process may be a difficult and dangerous operation.The following list covers some of the problems which you may have to face.
妙笔作文除非预先做好正确的准备，营救过场也许是一个困难和危险的操作。下列清单涉及到一些你可能要面对的问题。
.1Recovery from survival craft is not simple.e paragraph3.3below.
从救生载具里营救是不简单的。见下面的3.3节。
.2In a rapid or uncontrolled abandonment,when not everybody has been able to get
into survival craft,you may also find people in the water,or clinging to floating wreckage,etc.The people are less likely to be able to help themlves than if
they were in survival craft.Nor will they survive so long.
在一个急速的或失控的弃船中，当不是每个人能进入到救生载具里时，你也许发现落水人员，或攀附在漂浮的沉船残骸上，等等。这些人不可能象他们是在救生载具里那样来进行自救。也将不可能存活多长时间。
.3People may still be aboard the craft in distress and direct recovery may be required without the intermediate u of survival craft.
人们也许还在遇险的载具上并且要求没有使用中间救生载具情况下直接营救。
.4Small craft are especially vulnerable if they are in clo proximity to your ship.
Their masts,rigging or other gear may become entangled and there is the danger
of crushing or other damage as the two vesls move in the away.
小船筏如果接近到你船附近位置时是特别脆弱的，他们的桅杆，绳索或其他器具也许会被缠住且有破碎的危险或其他危险诸如两船在波涛汹涌的海面上移动。
.5People may need to be recovered from other places which they have reached
before your arrival(rocks,reefs,sandbanks,shorelines only accessible from the
a,navigational marks,moored vesls,etc.).
也许需要从别的地方来营救遇险人员，在你到达之前他们已经抵达这些地方（岩石，珊瑚礁，沙滩，紧邻大海的岸线，航行标志，系泊船等）
.6In addition to recovering people yourlf,you may have to receive people from
other SAR units such as rescue boats or helicopters.The units may wish to
transfer people to your ship rather than take them directly ashore,so that they can
return to pick up others more quickly.Many of the problems associated with
recovering people from survival craft also apply to the transfer of people from
(small)rescue boats into(large)ships.
除你自己营救的（遇险）人员外，你也许不得不从别的搜寻救助单位接受人员诸如救助艇或直升机。这些救助单位也许希望与其直接将他们送至岸上倒不如转送到你船，以便他们能迅速回去救起更多的其他人。与从搜救艇筏上营救人员相关的许多问题也适用于从救助艇上转运人员到大船上。
.7Transfer from helicopters has its own special requirements,including training and preparation on board.e IAMSAR Volume III Section2:‘Helicopter operations’.
从直升机上转运人员有它自己特殊的要求，包括船上训练和准备。见IAMSAR III第二节‘直升机操作’。
3.3There are likely to be further complications,even after a controlled evacuation in which people have entered survival craft successfully.
自从人员已成功进入救生载具的有序撤退之后，事情有可能变得更加复杂。
.1Types of survival craft vary.
不同救生载具的类型
.
1Powered survival craft may be able to manoeuvre themlves alongside the recovering ship(your ship),but tho without power cannot do so.
有动力装置的救生艇筏也许可以自己操纵并靠在救助船舶（你船），但是无动力的救
生艇筏就不能这样做。
法语
.2Many survival craft are covered and the covers may not be removable.
Covers assist survival while waiting for help to arrive,but they can get in
the way during the recovery process.Getting out of enclod survival
craft may be difficult when the craft is in a away,particularly if the exit
points are small and difficult to negotiate.
许多救助艇筏是有遮盖物且这些遮盖不能移除。在等待救援时遮盖是有帮助的，但他
们在营救过程中是碍事的。当救生艇筏在波涛汹涌的大海上想从封闭的救生艇筏里出
来是困难的，特别如果出口小且难以越过。
.2Tho awaiting recovery may lack the ability to help themlves or to help others to help them.This may be becau of injury,illness(including asickness after
a period in a survival craft),the effects of cold or heat,age(whether elderly or
very young)or infirmity.
那些等待营救的也许缺乏自救的能力或缺乏给前来救助他们的其他人提供帮助的能力。
这也许因为受伤，生病（包括在救生艇筏上呆一段时间后晕船），冷或热的影响，年龄或体弱。
.3It is likely that people awaiting recovery will have little or no experience of
transferring between small craft like their survival craft and larger ones such as
your ship.For example,stepping onto a pilot ladder and then climbing it is not
difficult for a fit person ud to doing so,but this may be effectively impossible
for others.
mona lisa smile等待营救的人员可能略微或没有在象他们救生艇那样的小艇筏和你们船那样的大船之间转运的经验，例如，登上引水梯并且沿着它爬上去对于过去经常这样做的人来说并不困难，但这些对于其它人来说实际上也许是不可能的事。
.4There may be language difficulties.If instructions are not properly understood, the conquences may be dangerous.You may not have a language in common
with the person to be recovered and,even when you do,they may not understand
it must be
your instructions.
也许有语言障碍，如果指令没有被正确理解，后果也许是危险的。你和将要被营救的人之间也许没有共通的语言，即使当你做的时候，他们也许不能理解你的指示。
.5There may be a large number of people to recover.In the ca of a pasnger ship, this number may amount to hundreds or even thousands of people.This possibility brings additional problems with it,including:
也许需要营救的人数巨大。就一艘客船来说，这个数目也许是几百甚至几千人。这也许给营救带来些额外的问题，包括：
.1S CALE:the sheer size of the problem can be daunting and the stress of the situation may lead you to lo focus and efficiency.
规模：问题的麻烦程度可能使人失去信心且形势的压力也许导致你失去重点和效率。
.2P RIORITY:who should be recovered first?It is clear that people in the water should take priority over tho in survival craft.It is less clear
whether the injured or infirm should take priority over the more capable,
who can be recovered more quickly.
优先权：谁应该被先营救？显而易见的在水里的人优先于在救生艇筏里的人。受伤的
体弱的是否优先于更能被迅速救起的体能好的人就不太清楚了。
.3R ESOURCES:facilities aboard your ship may become overwhelmed.
Survivors will need shelter and,subquently,warmth,water,food and,
probably,some medical attention.
资源：你的船载设备也许被压垮。幸存者将需要遮盖和随后的保暖，水，食物和可能
的一些医药照顾。
.4P EOPLE:you will need sufficient numbers of people to navigate your ship, operate the means of recovery and escort tho recovered to shelter.
人手：你将需要足够数量的人手来驾驶你的船舶，操作你的营救设备和护送那些被救
起的人员到避难所。
4P LANNING FOR RECOVERY
营救计划
4.1The circumstances you find when you arrive at the scene will differ from incident to incident;but general planning can,and should,be done.
当你到达事发现场时所发现的情况将各有不同；但还是应该做一个总体的方案。
4.2In planning how best to bring people aboard your ship,you should consider:
在计划里怎样最好的将人带到你的船上，你应该考虑：
