3. Morphology
3.1 morphology
3.1.1 open class and clod class
Content word—notional words
中级口译考试时间 Functional words—empty words—grammatical words
3.1.2 internal structure
Morphology---the study of the internal structure of words and the rules by which words are formed.
3.2 Morpheme
1) Morpheme
2) prefix—suffix
full phone test3) bound morpheme—free morpheme
3.3 Derivational and inflectional morpheme
Derivational morpheme
Inflectional morpheme
----bound morphemes which do not change the syntactic function/parts of speech of the root to
which they are added, and they only provide further grammatical information about the root, e.g
Lesson---lessons; play----played
Inflectional morphemes typically indicate various grammatical relations or grammatical categories such as number, ten, degree,and ca.
Modern English has relatively few inflectional morphemes, including:重庆培训机构
a) the plural (-s)
b) the third-person singular prent (-s)
c) the –ing participle (-ing)
d) the past form and past participle (-ed)
e) the comparative (-er)
f) the superlative (-est)
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g) the genitive ca (‘s) (as in the girl’s picture)
h) the feminine gender (-ess) (as in actress)
3.4 Morphological rules of word formation
doublebed
Morphological rules
Productive morphological rules
3.5 Compounds
Types of compounds in English:
I. True or Fal
1. A morpheme can be divided into smaller parts without altering or destroying its meaning.
2. A word usually contains more than one morphemes.
3. A word is the smallest meaningful unit in the language.
4. Inflectional morphemes are added to an existing form to create a new word
5.The word “gentlemanliness” is made up of 4 morphemes.
6. Free morphemes may be subdivided into inflectional and derivational morphemes.
mingle7.A morpheme must convey a lexical meaning.
8.We can always tell by the words a compound contains what it means becau the meaning of a compound is always the sum of the meanings of its parts.
9. The part of speech of the compound is always determined by the part of speech of the cond element, without exception.
10. All affixes are bound morphemes.
11.The word “photographically” is made up of 4 morphemes.
12.A compound is the combination of only two words.
13.Only words of the same parts of speech can be combined to form compounds.
14. A free morpheme is different from a bound morpheme in that the former can syntactically stand by itlf.
II. Multiple Choice
1. Morphemes are the minimal, meaningful units, on which a language's _______is built.
A) vocabulary B) grammar C) pronunciation D) syntax
2. The word “women” has ______ morpheme(s).
A. one B. two C. three D. four
3.In English “-i” and “-tion” are called _____.
A) prefixes B) suffixes C) infixes D) inflectional affixes
jean dujardin4.Morphemes that reprent “ten”, “number” “gender”, “ca” are called ____ morphemes.
A) inflectional B) bound C) free D) derivational
5.There are _____ morphemes in the word “boyish”.
A) one B) two C) three D) four
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6. There are different types of affixes or morphemes. The affix “ed” in the word “learned” i
s known as a(n) __________.
A.) derivational morpheme B) free morpheme
C) inflectional morpheme D) free form
7. The word “modernizers” is compod of ___ morphemes.
A) three B) four C) five D) six
8. There are ______ morphemes in the word “denationalization”
A. three B. four C. five D. six
9. Morpheme that can occur “independent” are called ____ morphemes.
A) inflectional B) bound C) free D) derivational 死机英文
10.The most elemental grammatical units in a language are ____.
A) phones B) words C) morphemes D) phras
11. Which of the following affixes differs from the others?
A. –ly B. –ness C. –ful D. –ing
12. All the following words contain the inflectional affixes except ______.
A. watches B. longer C. notes D. uful
13. Which of the following words is not a compound word?
A. Landlady B. Greenhou C. Uplift D. Unacceptable
14. All of the following words are content words except ______.
A. table B. stand C. fast D. whereas
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15. Which of the following is not true?
