Incoterms-2010-国际贸易术语中英文对照解释(全)

更新时间:2023-07-18 14:06:08 阅读：评论：0

Foreword

By Rajat Gupta, ICC Chairmanget rid of

The global economy has given business broader access than ever before to markets all over the world. Goods are sold in more countries ，in large quantities, and in greater variety. But as the volume and complexity of global sales increa, so do possibilities for misunderstandings and costly disputes when sale contracts are not adequately drafted.

The Incoterms? rules, the ICC rules on the u of domestic and international trade terms, facilitate the conduct of global trade. Reference to an Incoterms 2010 rule in a sale contract clearly defines the parties' respective obligations and reduces the risk of legal complications.

Since the creation of the Incoterms rules by ICC in 1936, this globally accepted contractual standard has been regularly updated to keep pace with the development of international trade. The Incoterms 2010 rules take account of the continued spread of customs-free zones, the incread u of electronic communications in business transactions, heightened concern about curity in the movement of goods and consolidates in transport practices. Incoterms2010 updates and consolidates the 'delivered' rules, reducing the total number of rules from 13 to 11, and offers a simpler and clearer prentation of all the rules. Incoterms 2010 is also the first version of the Incoterms rules to make all references to buyers and llers gender-neutral.

The broad experti of ICC's Commission on Commercial Law and Practice, who membership is drawn from all parts of the world and all trade ctors, ensures that the Incoterms 2010 rules respond to business needs everywhere defines the parties' respective obligations and reduces the risk of legal complications.

the social networkICC would like to express its gratitude to the members of the Commission, chaired by Fabio Bortolotti (Italy), to the Drafting Group, which comprid Charles Debattista (Co-Chair, France), Jens Bredow (Germany), Johnny Herre (Sweden), David Lwee (UK), Lauri Railas (Finland), Frank Reynolds (US),and Miroslav Subert (Szech Republic), and to Asko Raty (Finland) for assistance with the images depicting the 11 rules.

前言

国际商会主席 Rajat Gupta

l申请全球经济一体化使得商业通向世界各地市场的途径空前宽广。各种各样的货物被销售到世界各地。然而，随着全球贸易数额的增加和贸易复杂性的加强，因贸易合同起草不恰当而带来的误解和高代价争端也可能随之增加。

国际贸易术语解释通则，国际商会规则在国内和国际贸易用语的使用促进了全球贸易的进行。在贸易合同中引用国际贸易术语解释通则 2010 可明确界定各方义务并降低法律纠纷产生的风险。

自从 1936 年国际商会制定出国际贸易术语解释通则之后，此项在全球范围内被采用的合同标准就经常性地更新换代，与国际贸易的发展步调一致。国际贸易术语解释通则 2010 考虑了免税贸易区的不断增加，电子沟通在商务中的不断增多，以及被更加重视的货物运输中的安全和变化等问题。国际贸易术语解释通则 2010 更新并加强了交货规则，将规则总量从 13 条减少到了 11 条，并且使得所有规则的表述更加简洁明确。国际贸易术语解释通则 2010 同时也是第一个使得所有在买卖双方中的适用保持中立的第一个国际贸易术语解释版本。

国际商会的商法和实践委员会成员来自世界各地和多个贸易部门，该委员会广泛的专业技能确保了国际贸易术语解释通则 2010 与各地的商贸需求相适应。

国际商会向 Fabio Bortolotti （意大利）的商法和实践委员会的成员表示谢意，向由 Charles Debattista （副组长，英国），Christoph Martin Radtke （副组长，法国），Jens Bredow （德国）， Johnny Herre （瑞典）， David Lwee （英国）， Lauri Railas （芬兰）， Frank Reynold （美国）， Miroslav Subert（捷克）组成的起草小组致谢，并且向对 11 条规则的表述给予帮助的 Asko Raty （芬兰）致谢。

INTRODUCTION

The Incoterms? rules explain a t of three-letter trade terms reflecting business-to-business practice in contracts for the sale of goods. The Incoterms? rules describe mainly the tasks, costs and risks involved in the delivery of goods from llers to buyers.

How to u the Incoterms? 2010 rules

1. Incorporate the Incoterms? 2010 rules into your contract of sale

If you want the Incoterms? 2010 rules to apply to your contract, you should make this clear in the contract, through such words as, “ [the chon Incoterms rule including the named place, followed by] Incoterms? 2010 ”.

2. Choo the appropriate Incoterms rule

The chon Incoterms rule needs to be appropriate to the goods, to the means of their transport, and above all to whether the parties intend to put additional obligations, for example such as the obligation to organize carriage or insurance, on the ller or on the buyer. The Guidance Note to each Incoterms rule contains information that is particularly helpful when making this choice. Whichever Incoterms rule is chon, the parties should be aware the interpretation of their contract may well be influenced by customs particular to the port or place being ud.

3. Specify your place or port as precily as possible The chon Incoterms rule can work only if the parties name a place or port, and will work best if the parties specify the place or port as precily as possible.

A good example of such precision would be: ：

“ FCA 38 Cours Albert 1er, Paris, France Incoterms2010 ”.

Under the Incoterms rule

Ex Works(EXW), Free Carrier(FCA), Delivered at Terminal(DAT), Delivered at Place(DAP), Delivered Duty Paid(DDP), Free Alongside Ship(FAS), and Free on Board(FOB), the named place is the place where delivery takes place and where risk pass from the ller to the buyer.

介绍

Incoterms? 规则规定了一系列在货物销售商业合同实践中使用的三字母系列贸易术语 Incoterms? 规则主要描述了货物从卖方到买方运输过程中涉及的责任，费用和风险的划分。

如何适用 Incoterms?2010 规则

1.把 Incoterms?2010 规则应用到销售合同中

如果要使合同适用 Incoterms 规则 2010 ，应在合同中明确表明，例如：所选择的 Incoterms 规则（含指定地点）适用 Incoterms? 索雅规则 2010 。

2. 青少年心里选择适宜的 Incoterms 规则

所选的 Incoterms 规则需要与货物，采取的运输方式相适宜，最重要的是合同双方是否意欲添加额外的义务，例如将办理运输或保险的义务加于买方或卖方。每个贸易术语的指导性解释中的信息对作出如此的决定非常有帮助。不论选用何种 Incoterms 规则，双方应该意识到对合同的解释会受到使用的港口或地址惯例影响。

3.尽可能精准地描述你方地址或港口名称只有当事人双方选定特定的一个收货地或港口时，所选术语才能发挥作用。地点或港口名称越精准， Incoterms 规则越有效。

以下精准描述就是一个很好的例子：

FCA38 Cours Albert 1er ，法国巴黎， 2010通则

在 Incoterms 英语记忆术规则下：

EXW 工厂交货（ ⋯⋯ 指定地点）

FCA 货交承运人（ ⋯⋯指定地点） ”

DAT zet终点站交货（ ⋯⋯指定目的地）

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DAP 地点交货（ notebook是什么意思⋯⋯指定目的地）

DDP 完税后交货（ ⋯⋯指定目的地）

FAS 船边交货（ ⋯⋯指定装运港）

FOB 船上交货（ ⋯⋯指定装运港）此处所指地点为交货地点，同时风险也从卖方转移至买方。

Under the Incoterms rule Carriage Paid to (CPT), Carriage and Insurance Paid to(CIP), Cost and Freight(CFR) Cost, Insurance and Freight(CIF), The named place differs from the place of delivery. Under the four Incoterms rules, the named place is the place of destination to which carriage is paid.

Indications as to place or destination can helpfully be further specified by stating a preci point in that place or destination in order to avoid doubt or argument.

4.Remember that Incoterms rules do not give you a complete contract of sale

Incoterms rules do say which party to the sale contract has the obligation to make carriage or insurance arrangements, when the ller delivers the goods to the buyer, and which costs each party is responsible for.

Incoterms rules, however, say nothing about the price to be paid or the method of its payment. Neither do they deal with the transfer of ownership of the goods, or the conq

uences of a breach of contract. The matters are normally dealt with through express terms in the contract of sale or in the law governing that contract. The parties should be aware that mandatory local law may override any aspect of the sale contract, including the chon Incoterms rules.

Main features of the Incoterm@2010 rules

1.Two new Incoterms ruls –DAT and DAP –have replaced the Incoterms 2000 rules DAF, DES DEQ and DDU.

The number of Incoterms rules has been reduced from 13 to 11.beefcake

This has been achieved by substituting two rules that may be ud irrespective of the agreed mode of transport — DAT, Delivered at Terminal, and DAP, Delivered at Place — for the Incoterms 2000 rules DAF, DES, DEQ and DDU.

Under both new rules, delivery occurs at a named destination: in DAT, at the buyer ' s disposal unloa fdroemd the arriving vehicle

(as under the former DEQ rule); in DAP, likewi at the buyer disposal, but ready for unloading (as under the former DAF, DES and DDU rules).

Incoterms 2010 3/88

Incoterms 规则下

CPT 运费付至（ ⋯⋯ 指定目的地）

CIP 运费、保险费付至（ ⋯指定目的地）

CFR 成本加运费（ ⋯⋯指定目的港）

CIF 成本、保险费加运费（指定目的港）所指地点随交货地不同而不同。在这四条 Incoterms 规则下，所指地点为运费付至地。

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