八年级下册英语短语、句型及语法
Unit 1 What’s the matter?
一、重点短语
1. have a fever 发烧 2. have a cough sm是什么咳嗽
3. have a toothache 牙疼 4. talk too much 说得太多
5. drink enough water 喝足够的水 6. have a cold 受凉;感冒
7. have a stomachache 胃疼 8. have a sore back 背疼
9. have a sore throat 喉咙痛 10. lie down and rest 躺下来休息
11. hot tea w ith honey 加蜂蜜的热茶 12. e a dentist 看牙医
13. get an X-ray 拍X 光片 14. take one’ s temperature 量体温
15. put some medicine on sth. 在……上面敷药
16. feel very hot 感到很热 17. sound like 听起来像
18. all weekend 整个周末 19. in the same way 以同样的方式
20. go to a doctor 看医生 21. go along 沿着……走
22. on the side of the road 在马路边 23. shout for help 大声呼救
24. without th inking twice 没有多想 25. get off 下车
26. have a heart problem 有心脏病 27. to one’ s surpri 使....... [京讶的brine shrimp
28. thanks to 多亏了 ；由于 29. in time 及时
30. save a life 挽救生命 31. get into trouble 造成麻烦
32. right away 立刻；马上 33. becau of 由于
34. get out of 离开;从……出萍 35. hurt onelf 受伤
36. put a bandage on sth. 奥巴马开学演讲mp3用绷带包扎 37. fa ll down 摔倒
38. feel sick 感到恶心 39. have a nobleed 流鼻血
40. cut his knee 割伤他的膝盖 41. put her head back 把她的头向后仰
42. have problems breathing 呼吸困难 43. mountain climbing kinda是什么意思登山运动
44. be ud to doing sth. 习惯做某事 45. run out (of) 用完;用尽
46. so that 以便 47. so. . . that 如此… …以至于…
48. be in control of 掌管;管理 49. in a difficult situation 在闲境屮
50. keep on doing sth. 继续或坚持做某事51. make a decision 做出决定
52. take risks 冒险 53. give up 放弃
二、重点句型
1. What’ s the matter?
What’ s the matter with you?= What’s the trouble with you?
= What’ s wrong with you? 你怎么了？
2. What should she do?她该怎么办呢？
Should I take my temperature?我应该量一下体温吗？
主语+ should/shouldn’t + 动词原形. ..
①You should lie down and rest.你应该躺下休息一会儿。
② You shouldn’ t go out at night.你晚上不应该出去。
3. Do you think it comes from a newspaper or a book?
你认为它是来自报纸还是书呢？
4. I think I sat in the same way for too long without moving.
我想我以同样的姿势一动不动地坐得太久了。
5. She said that the man had a heart problem and should go to the hospital
三、语法点
（一）、 询问某人的健康问运及遭到麻烦的表达方法
(1)询问某人患了何种疾病或遇到了何种麻烦时，常用以下几种结构来表达：
What‟s the matter (with sb．)?（某人）怎么了？
handWhat‟s wrong (with sb．)?（某人）怎么了？
What‟s the trouble (with sb．)?（某人）出什么事了？
What happened (to sb．)?（某人）发生了什么事？ Are you OK?你没事吧？
Is there anything wrong with sb.？某人有什么事吗？
(2)要表达身体疼痛或不舒服，可用以下结构： ①某人+have/has+病症．
怎样美白全身皮肤The twins have colds．双胞胎感冒了。 新概念培训
Sb.+have/has+a+headache/toothache/stomachache/backache/earache.
She had a stomachache last night．她昨晚肚子痛。
③某人+have/has+a+sore+发病部位． He has a sore throat．他喉咙痛。
④某人+hurt(s)+身体部位或反身代词． He hurt his leg.他的腿受伤了。
⑤某部位+hurt(s). manhub com
My head hurts badly．我头痛得厉害。
⑥某人+have/has+a pain+in one‟s+身体部位， I have a pain in my chest．我胸口痛。
⑦(There is)something wrong with one‟s+身体部位． There is something wrong with my right eye．．我的右眼有毛病。
⑧其他表达方式
She has a heart trouble．她有心脏病。
He got hit on the head他头部受到了撞击。
She cut her finger．她割破手指了。
二 情态动词should的用法
1．Should为情态动词，意为“应该；应当”，否定式为shouldn‟t，其后接动词原形，无人称和数的变化。常用来表示征询意见、建议、劝告、要求或义务等。 You should drink hot water with honey．你应该喝加有蜂蜜的开水。 He should put his head back他应该把头后仰。
We should try our best to help him.我们应当尽力去帮助他。 You shouldn„t watch TV.你不应该看电视。
2．Should用于主语为第一人称的疑问句，表示征询意见。 Should I put some medicine on it?我应当给它敷上药吗？ Should we tell her about it?我们应该告诉她这件事吗？ 【拓展】在英语中，表示建议的说法有很多，而且都是中考考查的重点。主要结构有：
①Would you like (to do) sth．？你想要／愿意（做）某事吗？
Would you like to play basketball with me?你想要和我一起打篮球吗？
②Shall I/we do sth ?我／我们做„„好吗？
Shall we go to the zoo tomorrow?明天我们去动物园，好吗？
③Why not do sth ?为什么不„„呢？
Why not join us?为什么不加入到我们当中来呢？
④How/What about doing sth ?做某事怎么样？ How about going swimming?去游泳怎么样？ ⑤Let‟s do sth让我们做„„吧。Let‟s go home．咱们回家吧。 ⑥You‟d better (not) do sth你最好（不）要做某事。
You‟d better not go there alone．你最好不要独自去那儿。
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Unit 2 I ’ll help to clean up the city parks.
一、重点短语
1. Clean-Up Day 清洁日 2. an old people’s home 养老院
3. help out with sth. 帮助解决困难 4. ud to 曾经… 过去_
5. care for 关心;照顾 6. the look of joy 快乐的表情
7. at the age of 在......岁时 8.clean up 打扫(商品英文或清除)干净
9. cheer up (使)变得更高兴;振雀 10. give out 分发;散发
11. come up with 想出；提出 12. make a plan 制订计划
