2019年高考英语二轮复习第一部...
冠词、介词、代词
A
(2017·课标全国卷Ⅱ)In 1863 the first underground pasnger railway in the world opened in London.It ran for just under ven kilometers and allowed people to avoid terrible __1__ (crowd) on the roads above as they travelled to and __2__ work.It took three years to complete and was built using an interesting method.This included digging up the road，__3__ (lay) the track and then building a strong roof over __4__ top.When all tho had been done，the road surface was replaced.
the descendants>gs是什么Steam engines __5__ (u) to pull the carriages and it must have been __6__ (fair) unpleasant for the pasngers，with all the smoke and noi.However，the railway quickly proved to be a great success and within six months，more than 25,000 people were using __7__ every day.
Later，engineers __8__ (manage) to construct railways in a system of deep tunnels(隧道)，which became known as the Tube.This development was only possible with the __9__ (introduce) of electric-powered engines and lifts.The Central London Railway was one of the most __10__ (success) of the new lines，and was opened in 1900.It had white-painted tunnels and bright red carriages，and proved extremely popular with the public.
答案：【语篇解读】'本文是一篇说明文，介绍了世界上第一条地铁——伦敦地铁的起源以及它逐步成为大众所喜爱的交通方式的发展历程。
1．crowds 解析：考查名词。avoid“避免”后可跟名词或动名词作宾语。因为此空前有形容词terrible修饰，故排除动名词形式；crowd作“人群”讲时，为可数名词，且前面无冠词限制，故需用复数形式，在词尾直接加-s即可。
2．from 解析：考查介词。由语境可知此处指“上下班”，travel to and from work 为固定表达。
3．laying 解析：考查动名词作宾语。由上文中的included digging和下文的and then building可知，此处用动名词作included的宾语。
4．the 解析：考查冠词。此处是说地铁开挖、铺轨完成后，要进行最后的筑顶。此处表示特指，因此应用定冠词the。
administered5．were ud 解析：考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。根据语境可知主语Steam engines和u之间为被动关系，且由上文可知叙述的是过去发生的事，故需用一般过去时的被动语态；又因主语是名词的复数形式，故be动词需用were。
6．fairly 解析：考查副词。句意：伦敦地铁开通之初因使用蒸汽机而使乘客饱受烟
尘和噪声污染之苦。修饰形容词unpleasant需用副词形式，故填fairly。
7．it 解析：考查代词。句意：伦敦地铁开通不久就广受欢迎，六个月之内，超过25 000人次乘地铁出行。此处指代上文中提到的the railway，需用代词it。
8．managed 解析：考查动词的时态。此处叙述的是过去的事情，需用一般过去时，故答案为动词的过去式。manage to do sth.用于表示“成功地做了某事”。
card是什么意思
hc是什么意思9．introduction 解析：考查名词。句意：地铁的发展得益于电力机和电梯的应用。由空前的定冠词可知，此处需用名词形式，动词introduce去“e”加后缀-tion构成名词形式。
10．successful 解析：考查形容词。此处为“one of the＋形容词最高级”结构。
B
(2018·安徽合肥二次质检)Xuan paper, known as one of the Four Treasures of Study, first came into __1__(exist) in Xuan Prefecture in the Tang dynasty. The traditional skill of making the paper __2__ hand has been pasd down through generations. The process takes as many as 100 steps, all of __3__ require a level of delicacy.
Take papermaking master Zhou Donghong for example. He us a fine screen to filter(过滤) a mixture of water and fibers. He lifts it up, and it's a sheet of paper. It takes him and his partner only 15 conds __4__(form) and shape it, but they've devoted __5__(they) to perfecting the skills for decades.
“There are a lot of tricks of filtering the fibers, and timing is __6__(difficult) part of all. We
have only one chance to filter the right amount of fibers, and only the proper weight guarantees the paper is neither too thin nor too thick, and the margin for error is __7__(extreme) small，” said Zhou. With just the right degree of thickness, top quality Xuan paper holds ink and water tightly.
The skill of papermaking, __8__(recognize) as a national treasure, has also proven to be an international one. We felt __9__ great n of pride as it was listed as a world intangible culture heritage(非物质文化遗产) by UNESCO in 2009. Since then, in Jingxian County, Xuan papermaking __10__(teach) in schools.
答案：【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了中国“文房四宝”之一的宣纸。包容英文
1．existence 解析：句意：宣纸，为“文房四宝”之一，最先出现于唐代宣州。come into existence为固定短语，意为“出现”。
2．by 解析：句意：这种纸的传统手工制造技术已被一代一代传下来。by hand为固定短语，意为“手工地”。
3．which 解析：句意：整个过程需多达100个步骤，所有的步骤都需要老练的水平。“all of '3' require a level of delicacy”为非限制性定语从句，先行词为steps，将
先行词代入定语从句后可知先行词作介词of的宾语，故填which。
4．to form 解析：句意：他和他的同伴只需花15秒钟就可以制作和塑造一张纸……It takes sb.＋一段时间＋to do sth.为固定句式，故填to form。
5．themlves 解析：设空处作宾语且与主语they为同指关系，故用they的反身代词themlves作宾语。
6．the most difficult 解析：句意：过滤纤维有很多窍门，其中时机的掌握技巧是最困难的。根据本句中的of all可推知设空处需用形容词最高级形式，故填the most difficult。
magnificent7．extremely 解析：句意：……其误差极其小。设空处作状语，故填副词形式extremely。
8．recognized 解析：句意：造纸术被认为是国家级瑰宝，也被证明是世界级瑰宝。主语The skill of papermaking与recognize为逻辑上的被动关系且设空处表示完成，故填过去分词形式recognized。
9．a 解析：句意：我们有强烈的自豪感，因为它在2009年被联合国教科文组织列为世界非物质文化遗产。a n of为固定短语，意为“……感”。
10．has been taught 解析：句意：自从那时在泾县的学校一直开设宣纸制造的课程。根据时间状语Since then可推知设空处用现在完成时；主语Xuan papermaking与teach 为被动关系，故设空处需用被动语态。综上所述设空处填has been taught。
C
车船使用税(2018·湖北八校二次联考)I won't call mylf the most accomplished person when it comes to __1__(hold) chopsticks. In fact, I'm pretty sure that my technique looks clumsy at times. I tend to hold __2__(I) in the middle, more beginner than expert.
Still, since I eat almost every meal with the eating utensil(器皿) of choice in China, it's not uncommon for a new friend or acquaintance to come to a simple __3__(conclude) after obrving me that my Chine husband, Jun, must __4__(show) me how to u them.
>黑夫人
