if 引导的非真实性条件状语从句 即 虚拟语气
通过动词形式的变化来表示说话人对发生的动作或存在的状态所持的态度或看法的动词形式称为语气。.英语中的语气分三种：陈述语气、祈使语气、虚拟语气。虚拟语气表示说话人所说的话不是事实，而是一种祝愿，建议，与事实相反的假设或实际可能性不大的情况等（即非真实的假设）。
If 引导的条件状语从句分为真实和非真实条件句（虚拟条件句）。真实条件句表示在假设的条件下，有可能实现的情况。非真实条件句表示的是假设的或实际可能性不大的情况，故采用虚拟语气。
If he doesn’t hurry up, he will miss the bus.( 真实条件状语)
If he was free, he asked me to tell stories.（真实条件状语）
If I were you, I would go at once.（非真实条件状语从句）
If there was no air, people would die.（非真实条件状语从句）
1）非真实条件句中虚拟语气的基本形式。
假设类型 条件从句的动词 结果主句的动词
与现在事实相反 动词过去式（be只用were） would/should/could/might + 动词原形
与过去事实相反 had+过去分词 would/should/could/might + have + 过去分词
与将来事实相反 动词过去式/(should/were to)+动词原形 would/should/could/might + 动词原形
①与现在事实相反
If I had time, I would go for a walk.
如果我有时间，我就会去散步。(实际情况：我现在没有时间，也不会去散步。)
If I were you, I would take an umbrella.
假如我是你的话，我会带上雨伞。(事实上我不可能是你。)
I would say no if someone asked me to be in a movie.
假如有人请我当电影演员，我会表示拒绝。(事实上现虚拟语气专项练习
1．Were it not for the snowy weather, we __________all right.
A. would be B. would have been C. were D. may be
2. ________more careful, his ship would not have sunk.
A. If the captain were B. Had the captain been
会计核算软件 C. Should the captain be D. If the captain would have been
3. If he _________ me tomorrow, I would let him know.
A. should call B. should not have been able
C. were not able D. are not able
4. If you asked your father, you ______________ permission.
A. may get B. might get C. should have called scrivener
D. maybe get
5. _____________today, he would get there by Friday.
A. Would he leave B. was he leaving
C. Were he to leave D. If he leaves
6. ______I you, I would go with him to the party.
A. Was B. Had been C. Will be D. Were
7. The millions of calculations involved, had they been done by hand, __________all practical value by the time they were finished.
A. could lo B. would have lost C. might lo
D. ought to have lost
foolish
8. Had Paul received six more votes in the last election, he ________our chairman now.
A. must have been B. would have been
C. were D. would be
万人迷英文9. If you ________________Jerry Brown until recently, you'd think the photograph on the right was strange.
A. shouldn't contact B. didn't contact
C. weren't to contact D. hadn't contacted
10. ____________he English examination I would have gone to the concert last Sunday
A. In spite of B. But for C. Becau of 北京韩语学校 D. As for
11. Look at the terrible situation I am in! If only I _____________your advice
A. follow B. would follow come across C. had followed
D. have followed
英孚少儿英语费用
12. Had Paul received six more votes in the last election, he ____________our chairman now.
A. must have been B. would have been
C. were D. hadn't contacted
13. If the hor won today, it _____________ thirty races in five years.
A. would have won B. won
C. must have won D. did have won
14. There is a real possibility that the animals could be frightened, _______a sudden loud noi.
girl of your dreamsdanteA. being there B. should there be
C. there was D. there having been
17. I would have gone to visit him in the hospital, had it been at all possible, but I ______
fully occupied the whole of last week.
A. were B. had been C. have been D. was
18. I apologize if I __________ you, but I assure you it was unintentional(无意的).
A. offend B. had offended
C. should have offended D. might have offended
19. If you hadn't taken such a long time to get dresd, we'd______________ there by now.
A. be B. circles C. is circling D. be circling
20. The sun ris in the east and ts in the west, so it ems as if the sun ________round the earth.
A. were circling B. circles C. is circling D . be circling
21. I wish that I _______________ with you last night.
keep childlikeA. went B. have gone C. could go D. could have gone
22. I wish I ___________ with her.
A. would be B. am C. was D. were
23. I wish that I_____________ the concert last night.
A. could B. have attended
