American Literature
1. Poe’s poetic ideas
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(1)To Poe’s poetry, the function of poetry is not to summarize and interpret earthly experience, but to create a mood in which the soul soars towards supernal beauty.
(2) He insists that poetry must be dimbarrasd of that moral n which involves the reader with humanity.
(3) Poe believes that the elevation of excitement of the soul should be “the poetic principle” This poetry must concern itlf only with” supernal beauty”.
张家界玻璃桥叫停(4) Poe defines poetry as “the rhythmical creation of beauty”, which emphasizes the rhythmical and musical elements in poetry.
2. Major Ideas in Emerson’s “Nature”(?)
Transparent eyeball: Emerson’s famous image, total immersion in nature without sacrificing
the subjectivity
Emerson’s style: conversational, discursive, improvising, not rational reflection but rapt meditation, frequent u of metaphor
pornograph3. Whitman’s style.
(1)Whitman’s poetic style is marked by the u of the poetic “I”. Whitman becomes all tho people in his poems, and yet still remains “Walt Whitman” hence a discovery of the lf in the other with such identification.
(2) He adopted “free ver”, poetry without a fixed beat or regular rhyme scheme. By means of “free ver” he returned the poem into an open field, and area of vital possibility where the reader can follow his own imagination to play.
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(3) The imagination in his poems are unconditional in the way they bread down the social division bad on religion, gender, class and race.
(4) 沥青铀矿Whitman is outstanding in his strong tendency to u oral English.
(5) He has an amazing vocabulary and makes an inventive u of language.
(6) He employs the line instead of the conventional foot, as the stylistic unit and depends on parallelism and other reiterative devices for its structure and cadence.
(7) He prais lf, individual, ideas, xualities and equality.
(8) He holds a panoramic view of society and his native speech is music.
4. Formal features of Dickinson’byods poetry.
(1) She is recognized not only as a great poetess on her own right but as a poetess of considerable influence upon American poetry of the prent century.
(2) Themes of her poetry concern religion, life and death, love and marriage, immortality, and nature, etc.
(3) Her poem is noted for directness, plainest words and brevity, and profundity in meaning.
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(4) Her poetry sometimes sounds familiar, communal and sometimes irregular. Her poems are usually short, rarely more than twenty lines, and many of them centered on symbol and focud on one subject matter.
5. The theme and techniques in Eliot’s “granny chine70The Waste Land”.
This poem works through an “a heap of broken images”, the reflection of a world of fragments; but the aim is to weave the fragments into a harmony. The theme of the poem is modern spiritual barrenness, the despair and depression that followed the First World War, the sterility and turbulencetenet of the modern world, and the decline and break-down of Western culture. The poem’s noticeable characteristics are varied length and rhythm to harmonize with the changing subject matter, the unrhymed lines, and lots of borrowings from some thirty-five different writers.
8. Comment on Hemingway’s style in A Farewell to Arms.
(1) He was regarded as the most important spokesman for the Lost Generation.
(2) He was famous for his novels and short stories written in his spare, laconic, ter, clear, telegraph-like, yet inten pro with short ntences and very specific details. This style is his famous “Iceberg Principle” that emphasizes simplicity and economy of expression.
(3) Almost all his stories deal with the theme of courage in the face of tragedy. They reveal man’s impotence and despairing courage to asrt himlf against overwhelming odds. The heroes are called “The Hemingway Code Hero”.
A Farewell Arms is an important novel written by Hemingway, in which the author deals with war directly and there are obvious autobiographical origins.
郑州雅思Against the backdrop of war, Hemingway offers a deep, mourning for her dead fiancé than she begins a game meant to duce Henry. Her reason for doing so is clear: she wants to distance herlf from the pain of her loss. Likewi, Henry intends to get to as far away from talk of the war as possible. The couple’s feeling for each other quickly pass from an amument that distracts them to the very fuel that sustains them. Henry’s u
nderstanding of how meaningful his love for Catherine is outweighs any consideration for the emptiness of abstract ideals. Reunited they plan an idyllic life together. Far away from the decimated Italian countryside, each intends to be the other’s refuge. If they are to achieve physical, emotional, and psychological healing, they have found the perfect place in the safe remove of the Swiss mountains. The tragedy of the novel rests in the fact that their love, even when genuine, can never be more than temporary in this world.
9. Analyze “Dry September” by William Faulkner
Dry September was written in 1931, and is well-known story of Faulkner. This story touches upon the strange relationship between x and violence, examines the psychological state of the main characters, and expos the crimes of racial discrimination which makes one bristle with anger. The tone of this story contributes much to its effectiveness, particularly to the imagery of infernal heat and dryness and to the tting itlf. From the character Miss Minnie the reader could perceive the obvious impact of Freud’s ideas on William Faulkner. In addition to the sociological problems addr
esd in the story, Faulkner creates a unique tting in which the weather reflects the attitudes of the main characters. “Dry September” is a story in which each character is a victim of the sociological problems of the day, and is also a great example of how the physical atmosphere of a story can be ud to mimic that of its respective characters.
