Unit 1 Middle Eastern Bazaar
1. Onomatopoeia: is the formation of words in imitation o the sounds associated with the thing concerned.
e.g. 1) tinkling bells (Para. 1)
2) the squeaking and rumbling (Para. 9)
2. Metaphor: is the u of a word or phra which describes one thing by stating another comparable thing without using “as” or “like”.
e.g. 1) the heatno bullshit and glare of a big open square (Para. 1)
2) …in the maze of vaulted streets which honeycomb this bazaar (Para. 7)
3. alliteration: is the u of veral words in clo proximity beginning with the same letter or letters.
e.g. 1) …thread their way among the throngs of people (Para. 1)
2)…make a point of protesting
4. Hyperbole: is the u of a form of words to make sth sound big, small, loud and so on by saying that it is like something even bigger, smaller, louder, etc.
e.g. a tiny restaurant (Para. 7)
a flood of glistening lined oil (Para. 9)
5．Antithesis: is the tting, often in parallel structure, of contrasting words or phras opposite each other for emphasis.
e.g. 1) …a tinytreasureisland apprentice blows a big charcoal fire with a huge leather bellows…(Para. 5)
2) …which番禺会计培训 towers to the vaulted ceiling and dwarfs the camels and their stone wheels. (Para. 5)
6. Personification: a figure of speech in which inanimate objects are endowed with hum
an qualities or are reprented as posssing human form.
e.g. 1)…as the burnished copper catches the light of …(Para.5)www koolearn com
2) Quickly the trickle becomes a flood of glistening lined oil as the beam sinks earthwards, taut and protesting, its creaks blending with the squeaking and rumbling of the grinding-wheels and the occasional grunts and sighs of the camels. (Para.9)
练习题：distrust
1. … little stalls where goods of every conceivable kind are sold. (hyperbole)
2. The machine was operated by one man, who shovels the lined pulp into a stone vat, climbs up nimbly to a dizzy height to fasten ropes,… (transferred epithet)
3. It grows louder and more distinct, until you round a corner and e a fairyland of dancing flashes…. (personification)
4. Little donkeys with harmoniously tinkling bells thread their way… (onomatopoeia)
5. The dye-market ,the pottery-market ,and the carpenters’ market lie elwhere in the maze of vaulted streets which honeycomb this bazaar. ( )
bicycle race6. Every here and there, a doorway gives a glimp of a sunlit courtyard, perhaps before a mosque or a caravanrai, where camels lie disdainfully chewing their hay, while… ( )
Unit 2
Metaphor: 暗喻
A figure of speech in which a word or phra that ordinarily designates one thing is ud to designate another, thus making an implicit comparison.
暗喻是一种修辞，通常用指某物的词或词组来指代他物，从而示意二者之间的相像之处。
1). And condly, becau I had a lumpoac in my throat and a lot of sad thoughts on my min
d that had little to do with anything in Nippon railways official might say.
2). …I was again crushed by the thought…(Page 13, Para. 4, Line 1)
3). …At last the intermezzo came to an end and…(Page 13, Para. 4, Line 1)
4). …when the meaning of the last words sank in, jolting me…(Page 15, Para. 7, Lines 1~3)
Synecdoche: 提喻
A figure of speech in which a part is ud for the whole (a hand for sailor ), the whole for a part (as the law for couple是什么意思police officer ), the specific for the general (as cutthroat for assassin ), the generalconnt for the specific (as thief for pickpocket ), or the material for the thing from which it is made (as steel for sword ).
举隅法，提喻法：一种修辞方法，以局部代表整体（如用手 代表 水手 ），以整体代表局部（如用 法律 代表 警官 ），以特别代表一般（如用 直柄剃刀 代表 杀人者 ），以一般代表特别（如用 贼 代表 扒手 ），或用原材料代表用该材料制造的东西（如用 钢 代表 剑 ）
e.g. The rather arresting spectacle of little old Japan adrift amid beige concrete skyscrapers is the very symbol of the incessant struggle between the kimono and the miniskirt. (Para. 7)
little old Japan: traditional Japane hous
Metonymy: 换喻 生命中无法承受之轻
A figure of speech in which one word or phra is substituted for another with which it is cloly associated, as in the u of “Washington” for “the United States government” or of “the sword” for “military power”.
换喻，转喻：一种一个词或词组被另一个与之有紧密联系的词或词组替换的修辞方法，如用“华盛顿” 代替 “美政府” 或用 “剑” 代替 “军事力气”
The rather arresting spectacle of little old Japan adrift amid beige concrete skyscrapers is the very symbol of the incessant struggle between the kimono and the miniskirt. (Para. 7)
