TraditionalChineMedicine
Traditional Chine Medicine
Traditional Chine Medicine (TCM) is one of the great herbal systems of the world, dating back to the 3rd century BC. Yet throughout its history it has continually developed in respon to changing clinical conditions, and has been sustained by rearch into every aspect of usage. This process continues today with the development of modern medical diagnostic techniques and knowledge. Chine herbal medicines are very safe when prescribed correctly by a properly trained practitioner. Over thousands of years, experienced doctors have compiled detailed information about the pharmacopoeia and placed great emphasis on the protection of the patient.
Allergic type reactions are rare, and will cau no lasting damage if treatment is stopped as soon as undesired symptoms appear. The primary difference between Chine and Western medicine can be described as Chine treats the Yang and Western treats the Yin. Everything in the univer can be described in terms of Yin or Yang. This is one of the underlying philosophies of Traditional Chine Medicine. When applied to medicine in general, Western medicine acts upon the Yin of the body, the substance of the body, the actual cells and chemicals. Traditional medicine works more on the energy that animates tho cells.
Functions & Diagnostic Methods
Functions
Chine medicine can be utilized to treat allergies, arthritis pain, weight control, quitting smoking, back injury pain, musculoskeletal pain, fatigue and stress. Other illness and conditions that can be helped with Chine medicine are digestive problems, menstrual problems, and urinary problems.
Chine doctors greatly emphasis on lifestyle management in order to prevent dia before it occurs. Chine medicine recognizes that health is more than just the abnce of dia and it has a unique capacity to maintain and enhance our capacity for well being and happiness.
会计舞弊Four Diagnostic Method
Bianque, who regarded as the god doctor in Chine medicine, applied the comprehensive diagnostic techniques of traditional Chine medicines, namely, the four diagnostic methods: obrvation, auscultation and olfaction,interrogation, and pul-feeling and palpation.
"Obrvation" means looking at the appearance and tongue fur. "Auscultation and olfaction"
refers to listening to the sound of the patient's speech and breath. "Interrogation" refers to asking about the patient's symptoms and "pul-feeling and palpation" is just in the literal meaning that feel the pul by fingers' touch.
Chine Medical Classics
craftThe Yellow Emperor's Internal Classic
The Yellow Emperor's Internal Classic, or Internal Classic for short, who author is unknown, is the earliest medical classic in China.
It includes two parts: Plain Question and Acupuncture Classic, each of which compris 9 volumes. The 18 volumes originally consist of 162 articles, even though some of the chapters
have been lost with the lap of time. In a question-and-answer format, Plain Question recounts the discussion between the Yellow Emperor and his royal physician Qi Bo. It mainly ts forth the basic theories of physiology and pathology of the human body. Acupuncture Classic dwells upon acupuncture and moxibustion, main and collateral channels as well as hygiene and health care.
一百以内加减法salary是什么意思Internal Classic lays the foundation for the theoretical systems of traditional Chine medicine, which
has long guided the clinical practice of Chine medicine and played an important role in China’s medical history. It has great significance both inside and outside China. Parts of the book have been translated into Japane, English, German and French. Many treatis on Internal Classic have been published in Japan.
Compendium of Materia Medica (Ben Cao Gang Mu)
Recorded in the 1.9-milions-words, 52-chapters, and 16-volumes are 1.897 varieties of medicines grouped under 60 categories. All the recorded medicines were in actual application and have proved effective by the author's time. Besides
Chine herbal medicine, they include animals and minerals for medication. In addition, the book contains 11,096 prescriptions and 1,160 illustrations. Such enormous contents enable the book to be the greatest treati of material medica in history.
Compendium of Materia Medica is more than a masterpiece of pharmaceutics, as it has also contributed to the human knowledge of biology, mineralogy and chemistry.
Compendium of Materia Medica spread to Japan in 1606, then to Korea and Vietnam, and later to E
urope around the 16th and 17th centuries. The book is now available either in whole or in excerpts in Latin, French, German, English, Russian and other languages. The world famous scientist Charles Darwin once consulted the book for historical data on the formation of skin colors of gold fish to demonstrate the artificial lection process of animals and gave high comments on it.
Prescriptions Worth a Thousand Pieces of Gold for Emergencies
Beiji Qianjin Yaofang (Prescriptions Worth a Thousand Pieces of Gold for Emergencies), also called Qianjin Fang (Precious Prescriptions for Emergencies) or Qianjin Yaofang, was edited by Sun Simiao in the year 652. As Sun Simiao said, "Human life is of paramount importance, more precious than a thousand pieces of gold; to save it with one prescription is to show your great virtue", thus, 'gold" is ud in the name of the book.
From the Tang Dynasty (618-907) to the modern time, Beiji Qianjin Yaofang has had more than
40 versions at home and abroad, which are roughly divided into two categories.
The book is in 30 volumes. Volume 1 is the pandect of medical science, including medical ethics, materia medica, pharmacy and so on; Volume 2-4 are on gynecopathy; Volume 5 on pediatrics;姚明翻译
Volume 6 on dias of the ven orifices; Volume 7-8 on dermatophytosis of all kinds; Volume 9-10 on febrile dias caud by cold; Volume 11-20 on viscera dias; Volume 21 on diabetes and similar dias; Volume 22 on skin and external dias; Volume 23 on
hemorrhoid; Volume 24 on disintoxicating and various treatments; Volume 25 on techniques for emergencies; Volume 26-27 on dietetic therapy and cultivation of mental poi; Volume 28 on normal pul; and Volumes 29-30 on acupuncture and moxibustion. There are totally 233 categories, containing more than 5,300 articles. It has t up the format for compilation of prescriptions.
A systematic summing-up of the accomplishments in medical science was concluded in this book before the Tang Dynasty. Its sources are extensive and its contents are abundant, covering all clinical ctors and many aspects such as acupuncture and moxibustion, dietetic therapy, medicament, prevention, hygiene and so on. It is the first comprehensive monumental works of medical science in China, another conclusion of Chine medicine after Treati on Febrile Dias Caud by Cold and Miscellaneous Dias by Zhang Zhongjing, and is praid as the earliest encyclopedia of clinical medicine in the Chine history.gossip girl第三季>veb
Well-known Doctors
Bianque
Bianque, who surname was Qin and original given name was Yueren, was born in Bohai (now Renqiu County of Hebei Province) in the Spring and Autumn and Warring States Period (770-221BC). When he was a child, he learned skills of Chine medicine from an old folk doctor, Mr. Changsang. He mastered Mr. Changsang's diagnosis method and treatment techniques and became the most famous doctor in his time, and was an outstanding reprentative of medical experts in the Pre-Qin Period (before 221BC). He could diagno dias accurately, cure patients miraculously and bring the dying back to life. As a result, people respected him as a legendary god doctor and simply called him Bianque.
st patrick dayAfter Bianque became famous, he toured all the kingdoms to cure more dias and relieve more people from suffering. His areas of treatment often changed due to different regions. In Handan, he heard that most patients were women, so he worked as a "Daixia Doctor" (doctor specializing in gynecology); when he pasd by Luoyang, he saw that elders were highly revered there so he beca
me a doctor mainly treating dias of the old such as the trouble in the ear or the eye; when he reached Xianyang, he became a pediatrician for people of the Qin Kingdom regarded children as the most important. In his practice of diagnosis, he had already applied the comprehensive diagnostic techniques of traditional Chine medicines, namely, the four diagnostic methods: obrvation, auscultation and olfaction, interrogation, and pul-feeling and palpation. At that time, Bianque called tho techniques "Wang (obrving the color of the patient), Tingsheng (listening to the voice), Xieying (drawing a primary conclusion of the symptoms) and Qiemai (feeling the pul)". Bianque's ways of treatment varied,
such as acupuncture, adhibition of medicine, operation, medicine taking and so on.
Bianque had nine disciples in his life who contributed to hand down his high medical skills from generation to generation. Till the Han Dynasty (206BC-220AD), his well-prerved works included nine volumes of Internal Canon of Medicine, twelve volumes of External Canon of Medicine, and thirteen volumes of Bianque's Prescriptions Approved by First Yellow Emperor, etc. The extant medical book of the Han Dynasty, Canon of Medicine of Difficult Dias, is a work compiled on the basis of Bianque's medical skill, especially his knowledge on pul-taking.
Bianque was memorized and respected by Chine people forever. Many basic theories of the traditional Chine medicine, which is still playing a great role in the health rvice of mankind, are cloly originated from or related to Bianque.
Hua Tuo
Hua Tuo, with a style name Yuanhua, also called Fu, was born approximately at the beginning of the cond century AD and died before the 13th year of the Jian'an reign (208). He was an outstanding and eminent medical scientist in the Eastern Han Dynasty (25-220), especially good at surgical operation using anesthesia.
When Hua Tuo was young, he studied in Xuzhou City of Jiangsu Province . He was skilled in veral branches of learning and famous for his eminent performance. But he declined the conscription of the court to work as an officer and kept practicing medicine among the common people for a long time and his footprints covered many places including prent Anhui , Shandong , Jiangsu , Henan and other provinces. He was deeply respected and loved by common people. In his late years, he was summoned by Cao Cao, a prominent legislator during the Three Kingdoms Period (220-280), to Xuchang of Hannan Province to treat the latter's wind syndrome of the head. Unwilling to work as Ca
o Cao's private doctor, Hua Tuo found an excu to ask for leave and return to his home. He refud veral times to come back to Xuchang, which angered Cao Cao. Finally, Cao Cao found an excu to kill him.
Hua Tuo advocated cure illness through exerci. He insisted that physical exerci was the key to strengthening the body, and movement could promote blood circulation and speed up metastas. And he ud the sport of five animals created by himlf to cure illness.
Li Shizhen
Li Shizhen (1518-1593), who style name was Dongbi, also called Binhushanren (Person of the Mountain by the Lake) in his late years. He was from Jizhou (now Jichun County of Hubei Province) of the Ming Dynasty (1368-1644). His grandfather was a doctor, and his father Li Yanwen was also a famous doctor in the local place.
As a child, Li Shizhen began to read some medical classics systematically. When his father went out for patients, he often went together with him to assistant for treating dias and copying prescriptions. However, doctors' social position was low at that period so Li Yanwen did not hope Li Shizhen to take medicine as his occupation and asked him to take imperial examinations. For the sa
ke of imperial examinations, he took Li Shizhen to Gu Riyan, a successful candidate in the imperial examination. Gu Riyan had a large collection of books, so Li Shizhen had the chance to read many rare classics.
At the age of 17, 20 and 23, Li Shizhen went to Wuchang to take the imperial exam at the provincial level, but failed every time. Hence, he gave up the imperial examination and determined to follow his father to learn medicine. He lucubrated at medical knowledge, spared no pains to take in the predecessors' experiences in medical treatment and was good at giving play to his own creativity. Coupled with his high sympathy for patients, he did not only show good curative leechcraft but also high medical ethics in his practice. He won high prestige just in
a few years. Particularly, his curing of a weird dia of children called "worm addiction" in the
Royal Family of Chu made his reputation ri rapidly, and he was employed by the royal family as "fengcizheng"(an official title), in charge of affairs in the "liangyisuo" (Office of Good Doctors).
威胁英语Later, he was recommended to the “Hospital of Imperial Physicians” in Beijing to work as the "yuanpan" (chief doctor). However, he was not interested in it and resigned on the pretext of illness after working only for a little more than one year. In his medical practice, Li Shizhen found many mist
akes, repetitions or omissions in medical books available, feeling it was a great problem that affected the health and life of patients. So he made a decision to compile a new comprehensive book specializing in medicines again. From the age of 34, he started this project. In addition to summing-up of predecessors' experiences and accomplishments, he learned extensively from medical farmers, woodmen, hunters, fishermen and other laboring people. On the other hand, he often went to deep mountains and fields to obrve and collect all kinds of samples of plants, animals, minerals and so on. He cultivated medical herbs himlf and tried them on his own body so as to get the right knowledge of the herbs.
After 27 years of efforts, with reference to more than 800 kinds of literature and bad on Jingshi Zhenglei Beiji Bencao (a
burglarbook on materia medica) by Tang Shenwei in the Song Dynasty (960-1279), he completed his monumental work in pharmacy, Compendium of Materia Medica, in the sixth year (1578) of the Wanli reign of the Ming Dynasty (1368-1644) at the age of 60, after he did a great deal of collation and supplementation, added many of his own findings and views, and carried out three important revisions. Li Shizhen will never be forgotten by people for his great contribution to traditional Chine medicine.
