SILENT SPRING
By RACHEL CARSON
(ONE SINGLE BOOK WHICH BROUGHT THE ISSUE OF PESTICIDES CENTERSTAGE. WITH MASS SCALE POISONING OF THE LAND WITH PESTICIDES AND WITH THOUSANDS OF FARMERS COMMITTING SUICIDE. THIS BOOK IS ESSENTIAL FOR PUBLIC RESEARCH IN INDIA.)
Contentssweaters
Acknowledgments ix
aptForeword xi
1 A Fable for Tomorrow 1
2 The Obligation to Endure 5
3 Elixirs of Death 15
4 Surface Waters and Underground Seas 39
5 Realms of the Soil 53
6 Earth’s Green Mantle 63
7 Needless Havoc 85
8 And No Birds Sing 103
9 Rivers of Death 129
10 Indiscriminately from the Skies 154moveon
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11 Beyond the Dreams of the Borgias 173
12 The Human Price 187
13 Through a Narrow Window 199
14 One in Every Four 219
15 Nature Fights Back 245
16 The Rumblings of an Avalanche 262
17 The Other Road 277其实他没那么喜欢你下载
List of Principal Sources 301
Index 357
Acknowledgments
IN A LETTER written in January 1958, Olga Owens Huckins told me of her own bitter experience of a small world made lifeless, and so brought my attention sharply back to a problem with which I had long been concerned. I then realized I must write this book.
During the years since then I have received help and encouragement from so many people that it is not possible to name them all here. Tho who have freely shared with me the fruits of many ye ars’ experience and study reprent a wide variety of government agencies in this and other countries, many universities and rearch institutions, and many professions. To all of them I express my deepest thanks for time and
thought so generously given.
In addition my special gratitude goes to tho who took time to read portions of the manuscript and to offer comment and criticism bad on their own expert knowledge. Although the final responsibility for the accuracy and validity of the text is mine, I could not have completed the book without the generous help of the specialists: L. G. Bartholomew, M.D., of the Mayo Clinic, John J. Biele of the University of Texas, A. W.
越狱片尾曲A. Brown of the University of Western Ontario, Morton S. Biskind, M.D., of Westport, Connecticut, C. J. Briejer of the Plant Protection Service in Holland, Clarence Cottam of the Rob and Bessie Welder Wildlife Foundation, George Crile, Jr., M.D., of the Cleveland Clinic, Frank Egler of Norfolk, Connecticut, Malcolm M. Hargraves, M.D., of the Mayo Clinic, W.
C. Hueper, M.
D., of the National Cancer Institute, C. J. Kerswill of the Fisheries Rearch Board of Canada, Olaus Murie of the Wilderness Society, A. D. Pickett of the Canada Department of Agriculture, Thomas G. Scott of the Illinois Natural History Survey, Clarence Tarzwell of the Taft Sanitary Engineering Center, and George J. Wallace of Michigan State University. Every writer of a book bad on many diver f
acts owes much to the skill and helpfulness of librarians. I owe such a debt to many, but especially to Ida K. Johnston of the Department of the Interior Library and to Thelma Robinson of the Library of the National Institutes
广州出国of Health. As my editor, Paul Brooks has given steadfast encouragement over the years and has cheerfully accommodated his plans to postponements and delays. For this, and for his skilled editorial judgment, I am everlastingly grateful. I have had capable and devoted assistance in the enormous task of library rearch from Dorothy Algire, Jeanne Davis, and Bette Haney Duff. And I could not possibly have completed the task, under circumstances sometimes difficult, except for the faithful help of my houkeeper, Ida Sprow.
Finally, I must acknowledge our vast indebtedness to a host of people, many of them unknown to me personally, who have nevertheless made the writing of this book em worthwhile. The are the people who first spoke out against the reckless and irresponsible poisoning of the world that man shares with all other creatures, and who are even now fighting the thousands of small battles that in the end will bring victory for sanity and common n in our accommodation to the world that surrounds us.
Foreword
IN 1958, when Rachel Carson undertook to write the book that became
Silent Spring, she was fifty years old. She had spent most of her professional life as a marine biologist and writer with the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. But now she was a world-famous author, thanks to the fabulous success of The Sea Around Us, published ven years before. Royalties from this book and its successor, The Edge of the Sea, had enabled her to devote full time to her own writing.little black dress
To most authors this would em like an ideal situation: an established reputation, freedom to choo one’s own subjec t, publishers more than ready to contract for anything one wrote. It might have been assumed that her next book would be in a field that offered the same opportunities, the same joy in rearch, as did its predecessors. Indeed she had such projects in mind. But it was not to be.贯通日本语
While working for the government, she and her scientific colleagues had become alarmed by the widespread u of DDT and other long-lasting poisons in so-called agricultural control programs. Immediately after the war, when the dangers had already been recognized, she had tried in vain to interest some magazine in an article on the subject. A decade later, when the spraying of pesticides
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and herbicides (some of them many times as toxic as DDT) was causing wholesale destruction of wildlife and its habitat, and clearly endangering human life, she decided
