这是整理沪江论坛的一个栏目的资料，考研英语长难句突破每日一练~（阅读翻译）。共17期。栏目主持人设置了回复可见答案，因此是一期一期分别回复然后复制下来整理的，望对考研的朋友能有所帮助。每一期分别用黑灰色条隔开，清晰明朗。
血型漫画
系统解析英语长难句~从典型句法入手，循序渐进；分类突破长难句，化难为易。大家一起学习突破长难句~为阅读、翻译、写作乃至整个英语能力的提升打下坚实的基础~~^_^~~（from老蒋笔记）
ukba第一期名词性从句希望和大家一起学习共同进步哟(*^__^*)
长难句来啦~
(1)That as much as one-fourth of all timber harvested is not ud proved to be fal.
（That as much as one-fourth of all timber harvested）是That 引导名词从句作主语，谓语动词是proved，to be fal 是不定式做表语。
在主语从句中，主语是timber，as much as one-fourth of all 是主语timber 的前置定语，harvested 是timber 的后置定语，谓语是is not ud.
此句中That引导的名词性从句置于句首，表面上看头重脚轻，实际这是一种语言修饰，是一种强调手段。
注：timber 木材harvest 收割，收获
（2）Whether the Government should increa the financing of pure science at the expen of technology or vice versa often depends on the issue of which is en as the driving force.
注：此处的finance 因为有-ing结尾，故是动词的用法，意为“财政支持”。不能简单地理解为名词词义“财政”；pure science纯科学；expen花费，消费；at the expen of 相当于at the price/cost of 以……为代价；drive驱赶，驱动；the driving force 动力，驱动力量。
结构分析：(Whether vice versa) depends on the issue (); whether 引导名词性从句作句子的主语，谓语是动词短语depends on, 宾语是the issue, 其后面的是介词短语做the issue 的后置定语。
值得注意的是在of后面which引导的名词性从句是作of的宾语，即宾语从句.
故此句有2个名词性从句，whether 和which各引导一个，分别做句子的主语和介词宾语.
goingthedistance
噔噔噔~作业来也——翻译以上2个例句，认真翻译的童鞋每次奖励100沪元~
以下回复可见：
1 所有砍伐的木材有多达四分之一没有被利用，结果证明这是错误的。
2 政府究竟是应减少对技术经费的投入来增加对纯理论科学的经费投入，还是相反，这往往取决于把哪一方看作是驱动力量。
第二期名词性从句
（1）Whether the remarkable growth of organized camping means the eventual death of the more independent kind is hard to say.
hurricanes讲解：(Whether the remarkable growth of organized camping means the eventual death of the more independent kind) is hard to say.括号中whether 引导的名词性从句是此句的主语，谓语是系动词is, hard是表语，to say 是状语。括号中的主语从句里，主语是growth，谓语动词是means，宾语是death，remarkable 和of organized camping 是从句主语growth 的前、后置定语。Eventual 和of the more important kind 是从句宾语death的前、后置定语。
注释：remarkable显著的，非同寻常的
（2）It is also the argument of the sports executives that television is harming the modest teams.
讲解：（It）is also （the argument of the sports executives）（that television is harming the modest teams.）其中，it 是形式主语，为避免句式的头重脚轻，代替了that 主语从句，此句的句式结构为（That television is harming the modest teams ）is also （the argument of the sports executives.）
注释：argument：主张，观点
executive: 行政人员，管理人员slims
实地演练：
（3）It is a strange thought, but I believe a correct one, that twenty or thirty pages of ideas and information would be capable of turning the prent-day world upside down, or even destroying it.
今天的作业！~翻译前2个句子和第三个实地演练的句子~回复可见答案。
1 有组织野营活动的显著增长是否意味着较独立野营活动的消亡还很难说。
2 这些体育管理者还认为电视正在给那些低调球队带来伤害。
傀儡是什么意思3 二三十页资料的思想和情报会让当今的世界天翻地覆，甚至毁灭这个世界。这是个离奇的想法，不过我认为它是正确的。
解析：It is a strange thought, but I believe a correct one, //that twenty or thirty pages of ideas and information would be capable of turning the prent-day world upside down, or even destroying it.
It 是形式主语代替that引导的名词性从句，谓语动词是is, 表语是并列名词短语a strange thought but a correct one，I believe是插入语。That引导的主语从句里，twenty or thirty pages of ideas and information是从句主语。
注释：the prent-day world 当今世界
Turn,.....upside and down 把……搞得天翻地覆
第三期
(1)While it’s true that we all need a career, it is equally true that our civilization has accumulated an incredible amount of knowledge in fields far removed from our own and that we are better for our un
derstanding of the other contributions.
【结构分析】：此句的整体结构可拆分为：While it’s true that…,//it is true that…and that…, 逗号前第一段中，While（相当于although）引导的是让步状语从句，从句里面it是形式主语，代替后面that引导的主语从句that we all need a career；
逗号后面的第二段是主句，结构是形式主语it代替两个并列的that主语从句；在并列的第一个that 从句中，far removed from our own是过去分词短语做fields的后置定语。
【知识链接】：civilization文明；accumulate积累，积聚
innerhtml
incredible令人难以置信的；amount数量（常用于不可数名词）；
while it is true that…, it’s equally true that…可提炼为写作句型，“尽管事实上…但同样的事实是…”
（2）It is recounted of Carlyle that when he heard of the illness of his friend, Henry, he went off immediately to visit him, carrying with him in his pocket what remained of a bottle of medicine formerly prescribed for an indisposition of Mrs. Carlyle’s.
society是什么意思【结构分析】：It is recounted of Carlyle//that when he heard of the illness of his friend, Henry, he w
ent off immediately to visit him, carrying (with him) (in his pocket )what remained of a bottle of medicine （formerly prescribed for an indisposition of Mrs. Carlyle’s）.
第一段是此句的主干，主语是形式主语it（指代后面真正的that主语从句），谓语动词是is recounted , of Carlyle 是范围状语。难点在于that从句是一个结构相对复杂的复合句，when引导的从句是其中的时间状语从句，其中Henry是friend的同位语；he went off immediately to visit him才是that 从句里的主干。Carrying 是went off的伴随状语，它的宾语是what从句，因为长的缘故（避免头重脚轻）被后置，和carrying发生了分割；而最后面的(with him) (in his pocket )则是carrying 的伴随和方式状语。formerly prescribed…是过去分词短语作其前面medicine的后置定语。
【知识链接】:recount：叙述，记载；formerly先前；prescribe开药方；indisposition小恙，不舒服
勤学巧练：翻译前2个例句~以及接下来的练习句——
（3）It is one of the most unpleasant discoveries which we all make that we must decline in this way, that if we escape wars, accidents and dias we shall eventually die of old age, and that this happens at a rate which differs little from person to person, so that there are heavy odds in favor of our dying between the ages of sixty-five and eighty. 1）尽管事实上我们都需要一个职业，但同样的事实是：我们的文明在那些被冷落的领域已经积聚了大量的知识，并且如果对这些领域的贡献加以研究，
我们的生活将会更加美好。
（2）据说卡莱尔有过这样一回事：他听说朋友亨利病了，就立刻跑去看他，衣袋里装上了他妻子不舒服时吃剩下的一瓶药。
acute（3）我们发现最不愉快的事实之一就是，我们必然会这样老去，即使我们能避开战争、意外事故和各种疾病，我们也最终会寿终正寝；并且人与人之间的几率相差无几，我们最有可能死去的年龄在六十五至八十岁之间。
【结构分析】：It is one of the most unpleasant discoveries （which we all make）that we must decline in this way, //that if we escape wars, accidents and dias we shall eventually die of old age, //and that this happens at a rate(which differs little from person to person), so that there are heavy odds in favor of our dying between the ages of sixty-five and eighty.此句it是形式主语代替后面三个并列的that从句, which we all make是前面discovered的定语从句。第三个that从句尤其复杂：主语this指代前面的that从句内容，happens 是谓语动词，at a rate是方式状语，which differs from person to person引导定语从句修饰rate，so that从句引导结果状语从句修饰动词happens，表示其结果。
[知识链接]：make a discovery做个发现；decline减弱；at a rate：以…几率
There are heavy odds in favor of… (句型)很有可能会…
第四期今天的内容由主语从句变为宾语从句！童鞋们要仔细看哦！~
句子1: Some philosophers argue that rights exist only within a social contract, as part of an exchange of duties and entitlements.
[结构分析]：Some philosophers argue （that rights exist only within a social contract, as part of an exchange of duties and entitlements）.Some philosophers是主语，argue是谓语动词，that引导名词性从句做宾语（即宾语从句）；在that宾语从句中，主语是rights，谓语是exist，结词短语和as 分别是动词exist等等范围状语和方式状语。
【知识链接】：philosopher哲学家entitlements：利益，权利（entitle授权）
句子2：The phra"substance abu" is often ud instead of "drug abu" to make clear that substances such as alcohol and tobacco can be just as harmfully misud as heroin and cocaine.
[结构分析]:The phra"substance abu" is often ud (instead of "drug abu")( to make clear that substances (such as alcohol and tobacco) can be just as harmfully misud as heroin and cocaine).
主语是the phra，之后的"substance abu"是其同位语；谓语是is ud；不定式目的状语to make clear后面承接了一个that引导的名词从句，做make clear的宾语，在此宾语从句里，括号部分又做了substances的后置定语，故宾语从句的主干可简写作：an be as harmfully misud as heroin and cocaine.
【知识链接】：substance：物质，特殊类的物质；cocaine可卡因；make 弄清楚，确保。
活学现用！翻译上两个例句，以及下面的练习，好好做作业的童鞋奖励100沪元~
3.It was necessary to recognize that the institutions which are bad on the same premis, let us say the supernatural, must be considered together, our own among the rest.
答案回复可见~喜欢本节目的同学们快快订阅吧！~对本节目有什么意见和建议希望大家踊跃提出！~ 1)有些哲学家认为：权利只存在于社会契约中，是责任与权利交换双方中的一方。
2）“麻醉品滥用”一词常用来代替“毒品滥用”，这是为了说明：像烟、酒这类物质如果滥用的话，也会和海洛因和可卡因一样有害。
3）必须认识到，这些建立在相同前提基础上的信仰风俗（比方说超自然的东西），必须放在一起加
以考虑。我们自己的风俗和其他民族的风俗都在其中。
【结构分析】：It was necessary to recognize //that the institutions( which are bad on the same premis), (let us say the supernatural), must be considered together, our own among the rest.
dear是什么意思中文第一段是句子的主干，其中，it是形式主语，真正的主语是不定式，而第二段中that 引导的名词性从句是动词recognize的宾语，在此从句里，the institutions 是主语，must be considered together是谓语部分，our own among the rest是独立主格结构作伴随状语，括号里的which部分是定语从句修饰前面的institutions, 第二个括号里内容是插入语。
