大学英语试题（A ）
注意事项：1.在试卷的标封处填写院（系）、专业、班级、姓名和准考证号。
2.考试时间共120分钟。
Part II Reading Comprehension (2*15 = 30 points)
Directions: There are 3 passages
in this ction. Each
美好的回忆英文passage is followed by some questio ns or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four ch
oices marked [A], [B], [C] and [D]. You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Shee t 2 with a single line through the centre. Passage One
Questions 1 to 5 are bad on the following passage.
For Roy Johnson, a nior magazine editor, the latest indignity came after a recent dinner at a fancy restaurant in the wealthy New York City suburb where he and his family live. First the parking valet handed him the keys to his Jaguar instead of fetching the car. Then an elderly white couple came out and handed him the keys to their black Mercedes-Benz. “It took them a while to realize that I was not a valet,” says Johnson. “It didn ’t matter that I was dresd for dinner and had paid a handsome price for the meal, just as he had. What mattered was that I didn ’t fit his idea of someone who could be equal to him.”
Such incidents, which are depressingly familiar to African-Americans of all ages, incomes and social class, help explain why black and white attitudes often differ so completely. A recent survey found that 68 percent of blacks believe racism is still a major problem in America. Only 38 percent of whites agreed.
Many Americans find the gulf between blacks and whites bewildering. After all, official gregation(隔
离) is a bad memory and 40 years of law, policies and court decisions have helped
African-Americans make significant progress toward equal opportunity. Indeed, a black man born in Harlem could be the nation’s next president.
But racism persists, unmistakable to every black but largely invisible to many whites. It is evident in the everyday encounters African-Americans have with racial prejudice and discrimination, like the valet parking incident. Such encounters often strike whites as trivial misunderstandings. But they remind blacks that they are often dismisd as less intelligent, less industrious, less honest and less likely to succeed. Some insults are clearly racist; others may be evidence of innsitivity or bad manners rather than racial prejudice. But the accumulation of insults feeds anger.
“What is amazing to me is the number of whites who express surpri that any of this happens,”obrves Mary Frances Berry, chairperson of the U.S. Commission on Civil Rights, who says she has been watched at shopping malls.
1. The word “valet” in the first paragraph most probably means .
A) a restaurant owner B) a driver of expensive cars
C) a wealthy-looking gentleman D) a restaurant employee taking care of dinners’ car
2. Roy Johnson was unfairly treated becau .
A) his car was inferior in quality B) he didn’t wear proper clothes
C) he failed to express himlf clearly D) he is black
3. From the passage we can learn that .
A) both blacks and whites are bewildered by racism
B) examples of racism are becoming rare in the US
C) official gregation is forgotten becau of bad memories
D) a black man born in Harlem will be the next US president
4. It is implied in the passage that many white people deny the prence of racism in the US becau
.
A) they tend to regard instances of racism as trivial misunderstandings
B) they have never en any instance of racism in their daily encounters
C) they believe African-Americans have made significant progress
D) they have treated black people as their equals on all occasions
5. Judging from the context, the most possible explanation for Mary Frances Berry’s being watched at shopping malls is that .
A) she was a celebrity
B) she didn’t fit people’s idea of an Afro-American woman
C) many people nowadays are innsitive and rude
D) she is black
答案：1-5 DDAAD
Passage two
Questions 6 to 10 are bad on the following passage:
Americans are proud of their variety and individuality, yet they love and respect few things more than a uniform, whether it is the uniform of an elevator operator or the uniform of a five-star general. Why are uniforms so popular in the United States?
Among the arguments for uniforms, one of the first is that in the eyes of most people they look more professional than civilian (百姓的) clothes. People have become conditioned to expect superior quality from a man who wears a uniform. The television repairman who wears a uniform tends to inspire more trust than one who appears in civilian clothes. Faith in the skill of a garage mechanic is incread by a uniform. What easier way is there for a nur, a policeman, a barber, or a waiter to lo professional identity (身份) than to step out of uniform?
Uniforms also have many practical benefits. They save on other clothes. They save on laundry bills. They are tax-deductible (可减税的). They are often more comfortable and more durable than civilian clothes.
Primary among the arguments against uniforms is their lack of variety and the conquent loss of individuality experienced by people who must wear them. Though there are many types of uniforms,
the wearer of any particular type is generally stuck with it, without change, until retirement. When people look alike, they tend to think, speak, and act similarly, on the job at least.
Uniforms also give ri to some practical problems. Though they are long-lasting, often their initial expen is greater than the cost of civilian clothes. Some uniforms are also expensive to maintain, requiring professional dry cleaning rather than the home laundering possible with many types of civilian clothes.
6. It is surprising that Americans who worship variety and individuality _______.
A) still judge a man by his clothes
B) hold the uniform in such high regard
C) enjoy having a professional identity
D) will respect an elevator operator as much as a general in uniform
7. People are accustomed to thinking that a man in uniform _______.
A) suggests quality work
B) discards his social identity
C) appears to be more practical
D) looks superior to a person in civilian clothes
socks
8. The chief function of a uniform is to _______.
A) provide practical benefits to the wearer
bluescreenB) make the wearer catch the public eye
C) inspire the wearer’s confidence in himlf
D) provide the wearer with a professional identity
9. According to the passage, people wearing uniforms _______.
A) are usually helpful
男士头发护理B) have little or no individual freedom
C) tend to lo their individuality
D) enjoy greater popularity
10. The best title for this passage would be _______.
A) Uniforms and Society
B) The Importance of Wearing a Uniform
C) Practical Benefits of Wearing a Uniform
D) Advantages and Disadvantages of Uniforms
答案：6-10: BADCD
Passage Three
Questions 11 to 15 are bad on the following passage.
It is pretty much a one-way street. While it may be common for university rearchers to try their luck wsrd
in the commercial world, there is very little traffic in the opposite direction. Pay has always been the biggest deterrent, as people with families often feel they cannot afford the drop in salary when moving to a university job. For some industrial scientists, however, the attractions of academia (学术界) outweigh any financial considerations.
Helen Lee took a 70% cut in salary when she moved from a nior post in Abbott Laboratories to a medical department at the University of Cambridge. Her main reason for returning to academia mid-career was to take advantage of the greater freedom to choo rearch questions. Some areas of inquiry have few prospec ts of a commercial return, and Lee’s is one of them.
The impact of a salary cut is probably less vere for a scientist in the early stages of a career. Guy Grant, now a rearch associate at the Unilever Centre for Molecular Informatics at the University of Cambridge, spent two years working for a pharmaceutical (制药的) company before returning to university as a post-doctoral rearcher. He took a 30% salary cut but felt it worthwhile for the greater intellectual opportunities.
Higher up the ladder, where a pay cut is usually more significant, the demand for scientists with a wealth of experience in industry is forcing universities to make the transition (转换) to academia mor
e attractive, according to Lee. Industrial scientists tend to receive training that academics do not, such as how to build a multidisciplinary team, manage budgets and negotiate contracts. They are also well placed to bring something extra to the teaching side of an academic role that will help students get a job when they graduate, says Lee, perhaps experience in manufacturing practice or product development. “Only a small number of undergraduates will continue in an academic career. So someone leaving university who already has the skills needed to work in an industrial lab has far more potential in the job market than someone who has spent all their time on a narrow rearch project.”
注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。
11. By “a one-way street”(Line 1, Para. 1), the author means ________.
A) university rearchers know little about the commercial world
B) there is little exchange between industry and academia
C) few industrial scientists would quit to work in a university
D) few university professors are willing to do industrial rearch
12. The word “deterrent”(Line 2, Para. 1) most probably refers to something that ________.
A) keeps someone from taking action C) attracts people’s attention
snazB) helps to move the traffic D) brings someone a financial burden
13. What was Helen Lee’s major consideration when she changed her job in the middle of her career?
A) Flexible work hours. C) Her preference for the lifestyle on campus.
B) Her rearch interests. D) Prospects of academic accomplishments.
14. Guy Grant cho to work as a rearcher at Cambridge in order to ________.
A) do financially more rewarding work
B) rai his status in the academic world芸能人是什么意思
C) enrich his experience in medical rearch
D) exploit better intellectual opportunities
15. What contribution can industrial scientists make when they come to teach in a university?
A) Increa its graduates’competitiveness in the job market.
own goalB) Develop its students’potential in rearch.
C) Help it to obtain financial support from industry.
D) Gear its rearch towards practical applications.
答案：11-15: CABDA
Directions:Complete the following ntences by translating into English the Chine given in bracket.
Plea write your translation on Answer Sheet 2（答题纸）.
厉害的英文1. (离圣诞节只有一个星期了)，the houwives are all busy shopping.情人节 英文
2. 这些玩具必得在达到严格的安全要求后才可出售给儿童。（requirement）
3. There would be no life on earth ___________________________________________(没有地球独特的环境).
4. 和大公司相比，中小公司更容易受到全球经济危机的威胁。（medium, vulnerable）
