Unit1Science Fiction 五年高考练(有解析)

更新时间:2023-07-12 18:02:40 阅读: 评论:0

凯特王妃半裸照Unit1 五年高考练
一、阅读理解
A
(2017北京,D)
Hollywood’s theory that machines with evil(邪恶的)minds will drive armies of killer robots is just silly. The real problem relates to the possibility that artificial intelligence (AI) may become extremely good at achieving something other than what we really want. In 1960 a well-known mathematician Norbert Wiener, who founded the field of cybernetics(控制), put it this way: “If we u, to achieve our purpos, a mechanical agency with who operation we cannot effectively interfere(干预), we had better be quite sure that the purpo put into the machine is the purpo which we really desire.”
A machine with a specific purpo has another quality, one that we usually associate with living things: a wish to prerve its own existence. For the machine, this quality is not in-bor
n, nor is it something introduced by humans; it is a logical conquence of the simple fact that the machine cannot achieve its original purpo if it is dead. So if we nd out a robot with the single instruction of fetching coffee, it will have a strong desire to cure success by disabling its own off switch or even killing anyone who might interfere with its task. If we are no careful, then, we could face a kind of global chess match against very determined, super intelligent machines who objectives conflict with our own, with the real word as the chessboard. 2020年高考数学难吗
The possibility of entering into and losing such match should concentrate the minds of computer scientists. Some rearchers argue that we can al the machines inside a kind of firewall, using them to answer difficult questions but never allowing them to affect the real word. Unfortunately, that plan em unlikely to work: we have yet to invent a firewall that is cure against ordinary humans, let alone super intelligent machines.
Solving the safety problem well enough to move forward in AI ems to be possible but not easy. There are probably decades in which to plan for the arrival of super intelligent m
achines. But the problem should not be dismisd out of hand, as it has been by some AI rearchers. Some argue that humans and machines can coexist as long as they work in teams-yet that is not possible unless machines share the goals of humans. Others say we can just “switch them off ” as if super intelligent machines are too stupid to think of that possibility. Still others think that super intelligent AI will never happen. On September 11,1933, famous physicist Ernest Rutherford stated, with confidence, “Anyone who expects a source of power in the transformation of the atoms is talking moonshine.” However, on September 12, 1933, physicist Leo Szilard invented the neutron-induced(中子诱导)nuclear chain reaction.
词汇积累
1. evil adj. 邪恐的                2. intelligence n. 智力
数字用英语怎么念
3. associate v. 混在一起;将(……和…)联系起来
4. instruction 中译西n. 指令,教导          5. dismiss 地址寄存器v. 摒弃
riften6. objective n. 目标
1. Paragraph 1 mainly tells us that artificial intelligence may ________.
A. run out of human control
B. satisfy human’s real desires
C. command armies of killer robots
D. work faster than a mathematician
2. Machines with specific purpos are associated with living things partly hecau they might be able to ________ .
the riverA. prevent themlves from being destroyed
B. achieve their original goals independently
C. do anything successfully with given orders
D. heat mars in international chess matches
3. According to some rearchers, we can u firewalls to ________.
A. help super intelligent machines work better
B. be cure against evil human beings
C. keep machines from being harmed
D. avoid robots’ affecting the world
4. What does the author think of the safety problem of super intelligent machines?
A. It will disappear with the development of AI.
crayolaB. It will get wor with human interference
C. It will be solved but with difficulty
D. It will stay for a decade.
B
    Whether in the home or the workplace, social bots are going to become a lot more common in the next few years. Social robots are about to bring technology to the everyday world in a more humanized way, said Cynthia Breazeal, chief scientist at the robot company Jibo.
    While houhold robots today do the normal houwork, social robots will be much more like companions than mere tools. For example, the robots will be able to distinguish when someone happy or sad. This allows them to respond more appropriately to the ur.
    The Jibo robot, arranged to ship later this year designed to be a personalized assistant. You can talk to the robot, ask it questions, and make requests for it perform different tasks. The robot doesn’t just deliver general answers to questions; it responds bad on what it learns about each individual in the houhold. It ca do things such as reminding an elderly family member ke medicine or taking family photos.
hlxSocial robots are not just finding their way into the home. They have potential applications in everything from education to health care and are already finding their way into some of the spaces.
    Fellow Robots is one company bringing so robots to the market. The company’s “Oshbot” robot is built to assist customers in a store, which can help the customers find items and help guide them to the product’s location in the store. It can also speak

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