专业英语八级阅读精选附答案
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The days we hear a lot of nonn about the ‘great classless society'. The idea that the twentieth century is the age of th e mon man has bee one of the great clichés of our time. The same old arguments are put forward in evidence. Here are some of them: monarchy as a system of government has been pletely discredited. The monarchies
营业费用包括哪些that survive have been deprived of all political power. Inherited wealth has been savagely reduced by taxation and, in time, the great fortunes will disappear altogether. In a number of countries the victory has been plete. The people rule; the great millennium has bee a political reality. But has it? Clo examination doesn't bear out the claim.
It is a fallacy to suppo that all men are equal and that society will be leveled out if you provide everybody with the same educational opportunities. (It is debatable whether you can ever provide everyone with the same educational opportunities, but that is another question.) The fact is that nature dispens brains and ability with a total disregard for the principle of equality. The old rules of the jungl
e, ‘survival of the fittest', and
‘might is righ t' are still with us. The spread of
education has destroyed the old class system and created a new one. Rewards are bad on merit. For ‘aristocracy' read ‘meritocracy'; in other respects, society remains unaltered: the class system is rigidly maintained.superman
Genuine ability, animal cunning, skill, the knack of izing opportunities, all bring material rewards. And what is the first thing people do when they bee rich? They u their wealth to cure the best possible opportunities for their children, to give them ‘a good start in life'. For all the lip rvice we pay to the idea of equality, we do not consider this wrong in the western world. Private schools which offer unfair advantages over state schools are not banned becau one of the principles in a democracy is that people should be free to choo how they will educate their children. In this way, the new meritocracy can perpetuate itlf to a certain extent: an able child from a wealthy home can sueed far more rapidly than his poorer counterpart. Wealth is also ud indiscriminately to further political ends. It would be almost impossible to bee the leader of a democracy without massive financial backing. Money is as powerful a weapon as ever it was.
In societies wholly dedicated to the principle of
social equality, privileged private education is forbidden. But even here people are rewarded aording to their abilities. In fact, so great is the need for skilled
workers that the least able may be neglected. Bright children are carefully and expensively trained to bee
future rulers. In the end, all political ideologies boil down to the same thing: class divisions persist whether you are ruled by a feudal king or an educated peasant.
1. What is the main idea of this passage?
[A] Equality of opportunity in the twentieth century has not destroyed the class system.
[B] Equality means money.
德文翻译中文[C] There is no such society as classless society.
[D] Nature can't give you a classless society.
2. Aording to the author, the same educational opportunities can't get rid of inequality becau
openingceremony人教版高一英语单词[A] the principle ‘survival of the fittest' exists.
[B] Nature ignores equality in dispensing brains and ability.
[C] Material rewards are for genuine ability.
[D] People have the freedom how to educate their children.
3. Who can obtain more rapid suess
[A] tho with wealth.
人间天堂的意思
[B] Tho with the best brains.
[C] Tho with the best opportunities.
[D] Tho who have the ability to catch at opportunities.
alexandergrahambell4. Why does the author say the new meritocracy can perpetuate itlf to a certain extent? Becau
[A] money decides everything.
[B] Private schools offer advantages over state schools.
[C] People are free to choo the way of educating
their children.
[D] Wealth is ud for political ends.
5. Aording to the author, class divisions' refers to
[A] the rich and the poor.
[B] Different opportunities for people.
[C] Oppressor and the oppresd.
edition
[D] Genius and stupidity.
1. discredit 损害，破坏，败坏(某人的名声)，不可信
2. monarch 国王，女皇，君主政体
3. millennium 千年
the millennium 千僖年
4. bear out 证实
5. level out (升跌之后)呈平稳状态
6. meritocracy 英才管理，英才教育，能人统治
7. knack 技巧，诀窍
8. perpetuate 使永久，永存或持续
9. indiscriminate 不加鉴别的，不加分析的，任意的
10. boil down 归结为……
1. Clo examination doesn't bear out the claim.
【参考译文】深入探索证实此断言不确。(也就是说太平盛世并没有成为政治现实)。
2. might is right
谚语：强权即公理。
3. For all the lip rvice we pay to the idea of equality, we do not consider this wrong in the western world.
【构造简析】lip-rvice口惠而实不至。EX: He pays lip-rvice to feminism but his wife still does all the houwork.他口口声声说支持女权主义，但全部家务仍是他妻子的事。
【参考译文】我们口口声声赞扬平等思想，我们在西方世界中并不认为这一思想事错误的。
4. In the end, all political ideologies boil down to the same thing: class divisions persist whether you are ruled by a feudal king or an educated person.
【参考译文】最终，一切政治意识，都归结为一件事：不管你是由封建国王统治还是英才统治，阶级区分依然存在。
这是一篇对“无阶级社会和人人平等”论点的驳斥文章。作者从四个方面进展论述。1、天赋的才能和智慧与平等原那么无关。
2、“适者生存，强权即公理”依然存在。
3、人获得的报酬是取决于人的才能而不是平等。网课平台
4、金钱的作用，它不仅可以培育有能力的人，还是政治的后盾。只有金钱加能力是成功的关键。所以所谓平等不存在，更没有无阶级的社会。
1. A
