V-ed分词作状语和短语动词

更新时间:2023-07-12 01:03:51 阅读：评论：0

V-ed分词作状语和短语动词

一．V-ed分词作状语

及物动词的过去分词作状语，表示被动和完成的意义，功能上相当于一个表示时间、原因、条件、结果、让步和方式等的状语从句，其逻辑主语一般与句子主语一致。

1. V-ed分词作时间状语（相当于时间状语从句）

①Born at the beginning of the century, he became president in the early 1940’s.

他出生于世纪之初，到了20世纪40年代初期成为了总统。peril

②Seen from the hill, the village looks more beautiful.从山上看去，这个村庄更加漂亮了。可以转换为When it is en from the hill, the village looks more beautiful.

2. V-ed分词作原因状语（相当于原因状语从句）

①Confud by the stones flying at them from all sides, the boys ran into the building.

authentic

孩子们被从四面八方朝他们飞来的石头弄糊涂了，于是他们跑进了那幢大楼里。可以转换为They were confud by the stones flying at them from all sides, so the boys ran into the building.

②Tired and hungry, the little girl sat at the wall corner.

又累又饿，小女孩坐到了墙角处。

③Discouraged, she decided to leave the city of Beijing.

心灰意冷，她决定离开北京城。

3. V-ed分词作条件状语(相当于条件状语从句)

①Given more time and support, we could have done it better.

如果当时给我们更多的时间和支持，我们会做得更好。可以转换为If we were given more time and support, we could have done it better.

②Put into u as soon as possible, the hotline will do us a great favour.

如果被尽快地投入使用，这条热线将会给我们很大的帮助。

③Watered once a week, the vegetables will grow better.

一周浇一次水，这些蔬菜会长得更好。

4. V-ed分词作让步状语(相当于although / though引导的让步状语从句)

①Attacked many times, the residents in London didn’t give in.

尽管被攻击了很多次，但伦敦居民并没有屈服。可以转换为Although they were attacked many times, the residents in London didn’t give in.

②Laughed at by other boys, he still continued to complete the task.

尽管遭到其他男孩的嘲笑，他仍然坚持完成了这项任务。

③Tried again, the experiment still couldn’t give us a satisfying answer.

又尝试了一次，这个实验仍然不能给我们一个满意的结果。

5. V-ed分词作方式或伴随状语（相当于方式状语从句，当表示伴随时，相当于一个并列句）

①Followed by his wolf dog, the hunter walked slowly in the forest.

猎人在树林里慢慢行走，狼狗跟在后面。可以转换为The hunter walked slowly in the forest and his wolf dog Followed him.

②The hero sat there telling stories, surrounded by a lot of students.

英雄坐在那儿讲故事，许多孩子围着他。

6. V-ed分词作结果状语（相当于结果状语从句）

①He failed in the competition, blamed by his companions.

他在比赛中失败了，受到了同伴的责备。

②He made up with his wife who abandoned him three years ago, admired by his neighbors.

他和三年前抛弃他的妻子和好如初，受到了邻居的赞扬。

7. V-ed分词作状语，起补充说明作用（相当于一个并列句）

They eventually arrived at the destination, tired and excited.

他们最终到了目的地，又累又激动。可以转换为They eventually arrived at the destination, and they became tired and excited.

【拓展延伸】

根据需要，V-ed形式前面也可以加上when, while, until, once, though, although, as/so long as, unless, as if (though), even if (though)等词，以表示强调。

①Unless invited, I won’t attend the ball.

除非被邀请，否则我不会参加舞会。

②As long as given the chance, I would cherish it.

蒙语翻译

只要给予这个机会，我就会珍惜的。

③He walked as if drunk.

他走路的样子看起来喝醉了。

【名师指津】

before, after等词后必须用being done的形式，注意若过去分词的逻辑主语与主句主语不一致时，应在分词前加上逻辑主语。

①Before being permitted to come in, remain where you are.

在允许进入之前，请先呆在原地。

②The Olympics successfully held, all the people cheered.

奥运会成功举行，所用人为之欢呼。

③All the tickets sold out, we had to wait for the next week’s show.

所有的票都卖完了，我们只能等着下周的演出。

二．短语动词

1.有些动词常与副词、介词等连在一起构成短语动词，常见的构成方式如下：

短语动词构成方式	例词
动词+副词	put on穿上，上演 carry on进行 put forward提出 pick out选出 go on继续 give up放弃
动词+介词	deal with处理，对待 break into闯入 look after照看 break through突破 ask for要求，想要 look for寻找
动词+副词+介词	look up to尊敬 look down upon看不起，贬低 look forward to盼望 go in for从事，参加
动词+介词+名词	come into being形成 come into office上班 come to an end结束
动词+名词+介词	pay attention to注意 take care of照管 take advantage of利用 catch hold of抓住
be动词+介词+名词	be on show在展出 be at work在工作 be at war处于交战状态
be动词+形容词+介词	be keen on喜欢 be fond of喜欢 be afraid of害怕 be ud to习惯于 be familiar with熟悉
动词+名词	take place发生 keep watch值班
动词+非谓语动词	take …for granted认为 ……想当然 go shopping去购物 go fishing去钓鱼
动词+…+形容词	drive…mad使发疯 t…free释放

2.短语动词后宾语的位置：

短语动词后直接宾语和间接宾语的位置有如下四种情况：

（1）将两个宾语放在构成短语动词的动副词之间。

bring us our books back 把我们的书带回来

get me my money back 把我的钱要回来

（2）将间接宾语放在副词前面，将直接宾语放在副词后面。

bring us back our books 把我们的书带回来

get me back my money 把我的钱要回来

（3）利用“for型”和“to型”。

bring some stamps back for me 给我带些邮票来

pass it to me 把它递给我

上海新东方电话

（4）有些短语动词接两个宾语，通常用介词分开，前面为动词宾语，后面为介词宾语。

rob sb of sth 抢某人的某东西

cheat sb of sth 把某物从某人处骗走

remind sb of sth 提醒某人某事

provide sb with sth 给某人提供某物

【高考在线】

1. not to miss the flight at 15:20, the manager t out for the airport in a hurry. [2009福建, 32]

A. Reminding B. Reminded

C. To remind D. Having reminded

【解析】选B。考查非谓语动词。非谓语动词做状语，逻辑主语是句子的主语the manager，非谓语动词与句子主语是被动关系，且其表示的动作在谓语动词t out之前已经发生，非谓语动词用过去分词，故选B。

2. Michael’s new hou is like a huge palace,

with his old one. [2009 重庆，25]

A. comparing B. compares

C. to compare D. compared

【解析】选D。考查非谓语动词用法。Compare…with…,表示把……和……对比，此处a huge palace与compare的关系为动宾，故选D，此处过去分词作条件状语。

A. Being encouraged B. Encouraging

C. Encouraged D. Having encouraged

【解析】选C。考查过去分词作原因状语的用法。分析句子可以看出，这是一个省略的原因状语从句，前后主语都是many farmers，由by the advances in technology，可知许多农民受到鼓舞，故选C。

6. ______the right kind of training, the teenage soccer players may one day grew the international stars. [ 2009江西, 22]

A. Giving B. Having given

C. To give D. Given

【解析】选D。考查非谓语动词。如果把句子补充完整就不难看出：If they are given the right kind of training , 可知主语they 即 the teenager soccer players与give 之间是被动的关系，所以用过去分词。根据主、从句主语一致可省略从句主语的原则，连词if 也可省，所以得出given the right kind of training , the teenager soccer players……

7. With the government’s aid, tho _____ by the earthquake have moved to the new ttlements. [2009上海, 33]

A. affect B. affecting

C. affected D. were affected

【解析】选C。考查非谓语动词。按照句意分析句子结构，此处tho为主语，affect与tho为动宾关系，因此选affected,相当于who were affected。

8.—How about your journey to Mount Emei?

—Everything was wonderful except that our car _________ twice on the way.

[2009四川, 8]

A. slowed down B. broke down

C. got down D. put down

【解析】选B。考查动词短语的用法区别。答语句意为：除了我们的汽车在途中抛锚了两次外，一切都进展顺利。break down出故障；slow down 慢下来；get down记下，写下；put down 扑灭。

9.We tried to find a table for ven，but they were all . [2009安徽, 33]

A. given away B. kept away

C. taken up D. ud up

【解析】选C。考察动词短语的区别。give away泄露,捐赠saierh；keep away使……在外；take up占据；u up用光,用尽。

10. It is reported that the police will soon ____ the ca of two missing children.

[2009江西, 30]

A. look upon B. look after

C. look into D. look out

些产品就获得了巨大成功。products与put into之间是被动关系。

4. with so much trouble, we failed to complete the task on time.

A. Faced B. Face

C. Facing D. To face

【解析】选A。句意为：由于面临如此多的困难，我们没能按时完成任务。be faced with面临，面对，当作状语时要用faced with…

5. from the sky, the Great Wall is just like a beautiful stripe decorating North China.

A. See B. To e

C. Seeing D. Seen

【解析】选D。句意为：从空中看，长城就像一条漂亮的丝带点缀在中国北方。the Great Wall与e之间是被动关系，en from the sky作方式状语。

6. The little trees they planted last week will die unless carefully.

A. attended to B. attending to

C. to attend to D. attend to

【解析】选A。句意为：他们上周种植的小树将会死掉，除非仔细照料他们。attend to与the little trees之间是动宾关系，要用attended to表示被动关系， attended to为they are attended to的省略。

7. The rearch is so well-designed that once

nothing can be done to change it.

A. begins B. having begun

C. beginning D. begun

【解析】选D。begin与the rearch是动宾关系，故要用begun表示被动。

8. three times by little Tom, the teacher didn’t believed what he said any longer.

A. To take in B. Taken in

C. Taking in D. Having taken in

【解析】选B。句意为：被小汤姆欺骗了三次了，老师再也不相信他说的话了。taken in

表示被动完成，作原因状语。

9. in 1898 , Peking University is one of the most well-known universities in China.

A. Being founded B. Founded

C. Founding D. Found

【解析】1. built 150 years ago

2. Accompanied by

3. Given more attention

3. Now that we’ve discusd our problem, are people happy with the decisions _______?

[2009全国卷I,35]

A. taking B. take

C. taken D. to take

【解析】选C。考查非谓语动词。这里的decisions是take的宾语，为动宾关系，因此用过去分词，作后置定语。句意为：既然我们已经讨论了我们的问题，人们对做出的决定满意吗。

4. ____ twice, the postman refud to deliver our letters unless we changed our dog. [] [

[2009北京, 34]

A. Being bitten B. Bitten ks5u

C. Having bitten D. To be bitten ks5u【解析】选B。考查分词的用法。The postman与bite之间是被动和完成的关系，故选B。5. _____ by the advances in technology, many farmers have t up wind farms on their land.

[2009天津, 9]

【解析】选C。考查动词短语的意义。句意为：据说警察将很快调查出两个失踪孩子的案件。look upon看待，把……看作；look after 关心，照料，照顾；look into 调查；look out外研社小学英语教案当心。

11. Practising Chine kung fu can not only _____ one’s strength, but also develop one’s character. [2009浙江新视野大学英语视听说教程1答案第二版, 16]

A. bring up B. take up

C. build up D. pull up

【解析】生日快乐的英文选C。考查动词短语。Bring up抚养，呕吐；take up占去，拿起；build up增强；pull up 停车。练习中国功夫能够增强人的体质。所以用build up。

12. I tried phoning her office, but I couldn’t mother father gentleman

. [2009全国Ⅰ, 27]

A. get along B. get on

C. get to D. get through

【解析】选D。句意为：我试着给她办公室打电话，但打不通。get along进展；get on上车；get to到达；get through打通（电话），完成，通过。

【语法专练】

Ⅰ.单项填空

1. H1N1 flu virus, the patient and his surroundings were parated from others.

A. Being infected with

B. Having infected with

C. Infected with

D. To be infected with

【解析】选C。句意为：由于感染了甲型H1N1流感病毒，病人和他的接触者被隔离了。the patient and his surroundings与infect with之间是被动关系，infected with在这里表示被动完成，作原因状语。

2. for the breakdown of the school computer network, Alice was in low spirits.

A. Blamed B. Blaming

C. To blame D. To be blamed

【解析】选A。句意为:因为学校计算机网络瘫痪而受到责备，爱丽丝情绪低落。Alice与blame之间是被动关系，因此选A。

3. When first the market, the

products enjoyed great success.

A. be put into B. to put into

C. put into D. putting into

【解析】选C。句意为：初次投放市场，这

【解析】选B。found与 Peking University是动宾关系，且动作发生在过去，用founded表示被动过去。

10. --- Do you think that housing price will keep ______ in the years to come?

--- I think so.

A. lifting up B. going up

C. bringing up D. growing up

【解析】选B。句意为：---你认为住房价格会在近年后继续上涨吗？---我认为会的。go up（价格，温度，水位等）上升，上涨;lift up（被）提起，举起，抬高，吊起；bring up养育，提出，呕吐；grow up长大成人。keep doing sth. 继续，不断做某事。

11. The news of the mayor’s coming to our school for a visit was on the radio yesterday.

A. turned out B. found out

C. given out D. carried out

【解析】选C。turn out结果是，生产，关掉，驱逐；find out发现，找出；give out公布,发布；carry out执行，实现。

12. 词典在线翻译We had wanted to finish our task by noon, but it didn’t quite .

A. find out B. give out

C. hand out D. work out

【解析】选D。句意为:我们本想中午之前完成任务，但结果不理想。hand out分发，施舍；work out计算出，制定出，解决，计划。work out此处表示”结果…..怎么样”

Ⅱ. 完成句子

1. Although , the hou remains quite firm. 尽管这座房子是150年前被建造的，它仍然相当坚固。

2. his friend, he went to the railway station.

在朋友的陪伴下，他去了火车站。

3. , the kids could grow healthier.

给予更多的关注，孩子们就会长得更健康。

4. Mr. Li came in, her lovely son.

李先生走进来，后面跟着他可爱的儿子。

5. he has made, he works harder.

由于受到所取得成绩的鼓舞，他工作更努力了。

6. When , the muum will be open to the public next year.

完工时，博物馆明年就向公众开放。

4. followed by

5. Encouraged by the progress

6. completed

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