Unit 6Earth first
1.scare v.使(某人)惊恐，吓唬(frighten)
•scare sb away/off 把某人吓跑/吓退
scare sb into(doing) sth 威胁/恐吓某人(做)某事
•scared adj.恐惧的；害怕的
be scared of sb/sth 害怕某人/某物
be scared of doing sth 害怕做某事
be scared to do sth 害怕/恐惧做某事
(be) scared to death 吓得要死
•scaring adj.让人害怕的
scary adj.恐怖的；吓人的
eg. When eing the horror movie last night I was scared to death but excited.(心理描写)
昨晚看恐怖片时，我吓得要死，但还是很兴奋。
2.due to由于……；因为
due adj.预定的；到期的；应得的玻璃杯的英语
be due to do sth 预定/计划做某事
get是什么梗
什么是pxbe due to sb 应支付/给予/归功于某人
eg. Mistakes due to carelessness may have rious results.
由于疏忽大意造成的错误可能带来严重的后果。
【点拨】(1)due to可在句中作表语、定语或状语。
(2)表示“由于”的短语还有：
①becau of②on account of③as a result of ④owing to
⑤thanks to ⑥in view of
3.cut off切断，切掉；中断；使……与外界隔绝
cut down 削减；删节；砍伐
cut out 切去；省略；停止做
cut up 切碎；剪碎
cut through 穿过；穿透；开辟(出路或通道)
cut in on sb /sth 打断谈话；插嘴
匿笑eg. The town was cut off from the rest of the world due to heavy snow.
由于大雪，这个城镇与外界隔绝了。
4.target v t.以……作为目标；把……当作批评对象n.目标；靶；受批评的对象•/at...把……作为……的目标，针对……
特朗普取消访问丹麦•target group/urs 目标群体/用户
t a target 制定目标
meet/achieve a target 完成目标
hit/miss the target 中靶/脱靶
eg. This TV show about wildlife is mainly targeted at/on the factories which have been polluting the environment.
这个关于野生动物的电视节目主要针对那些污染环境的工厂。
5.attitude n.态度，(尤指通过行为表现出的对某事的一般)看法
an attitude 对……的态度/看法
have/take/adopt a(n)...attitude 对……持……态度
an attitude of mind 心态
eg. It was his optimistic attitude to/towards life and hard work that finally led him to his successful career.(人物介绍)
是他乐观的生活态度和努力工作最终让他的职业生涯获得成功的。
6.devote v.致力，献身，倾注
•devote onelf to 某人献身于……；致力于……；专心于……
<把……用于……；把……献给……
•devoted adj.忠实的；深爱的；投入的
be devoted to 深爱；致力于；专心于
•devotion n.关爱；献身；奉献；忠诚
eg. (2020·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)Regardless of the risk of getting infected，Dr Li was responsible and devoted to his job.(人物介绍)
李医生不顾感染的危险，对工作负责，尽心尽力。
【联想】中的to是介词，其后常接名词、代词或动名词作宾语。类似短语有：
①使……适应……
②调节……以适应……
paradilost
③使……对……上瘾
④把……应用于……
⑤把……附在……上
v t.储备，保存；保留；预约，预订
•without rerve 毫无保留地；直言不讳
in rerve 贮存；备用
rerve sth for sb 为某人保留某物
•rervation n.保留；预订(房间、座位等)
make a rervation 预订(座位、房间等)
eg. When talking to a friend，we should be frank and without rerve.
与朋友谈话时，我们应该坦率、直言不讳。
8.affect v.影响；感动；疾病侵袭；使感染
•be affected by 受……的影响；被……感动
be affected with 感染……疾病
•affection n.喜爱
have/feel affection for 喜爱，钟爱
eg. I have/feel much affection for my mum，who words and actions have a positive effect on me.
我深爱我的妈妈，她的言行对我有积极的影响。
9.supply n.煤气、电力、自来水等供应(系统)
v.(尤指大量)供应，供给，提供
•be in short supply 供应短缺
a supply of/……的供应
supply and demand 供求关系
•supply sb/sth with sth 向……提供某物
supply sth to sb/sth 向……提供某物
eg. Food was in short supply all over the country at that time.
那时食品在全国各地都供应短缺。
【联想】“给某人提供某物”的其他表达：
①provide sb with sth②provide sth for sb
③offer sb sth④offer sth to sb
•把……减少到……
be reduced to (doing) sth 沦落为……；陷入某种状态
西班牙语好学吗•reduction n.减少；降低
eg. At the news，she was reduced to tears in front of her parents.(情绪描写)
听到这个消息，她在父母面前流下了眼泪。
11.majority n.多数，大多数(人或物)
a/the 大多数……
in the/a majority 占大部分/大多数
eg. A/The majority of doctors agree that smoking is extremely harmful to health.
大多数医生认为吸烟对健康极为有害。
【反义】minority n.少数，少数人
【点拨】(1)the majority作主语时，谓语动词用单数或复数形式均可，强调整体时用单数形式，强调个体时用复数形式。
(2)“a/the majority of＋可数名词复数”作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式；“a/the majority＋集体名词”作主语时，谓语动词用单数或复数形式均可。
12.amount n.数量；数额v.总计
•a large/great/good/small amount of＋不可数名词大量的/少量的……(作主语时，
谓语动词用单数形式)
large(huge)/small amounts of＋不可数名词
大量的/少量的……(作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式)
the amount of＋不可数名词……的总数(作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式) •amount to 共计，总计
eg. Modern computers can organize large amounts of data very quickly.
fruitcake
现代计算机能迅速处理大量的信息资料。
into account (＝take ) 把……考虑进去
•on account of 因为，由于
on no account 决不
give an account of 报告；叙述；说明
•account for 解释，说明；占……(比例)
eg. I would appreciate it if you could take my request into account.(申请信)
如果你能考虑我的请求，我将不胜感激。atlast
【点拨】on no account是表示否定意义的短语，放在句首时常引起句子的部分倒装，有类似用法的还有：
①by no means②in no way③in no ca
④on no condition⑤at no time
⑥under no circumstances
14.urge v t.竭力主张，强烈要求；敦促
n.冲动；强烈的愿望；迫切的要求
•the urge to do sth 做某事的渴望
have an urge to do sth 渴望做某事
黑色笑话•urge sth/sb on 催促某物/某人前进
urge sb to do sth 催促某人做某事
(should) do sth 极力主张……做某事
it is (should) do sth 坚决要求……做某事
•urgent adj.紧急的；迫切的
eg. Chine Education Ministry has urged all the students to participate in the
