英语初高衔接课---定语从句及其翻译(教师版)

更新时间:2023-07-11 03:49:59 阅读：评论：0

定语从句

钟伟强毕夏

学员姓名：年级：初三高一衔接授课时间：课时数：2 辅导科目：英语学科教师：
课题	伤害英文定语从句
教学目标	让初入高一的学生深入了解定语从句，掌握定语从句的几个关键知识点：即关系词的选择；用that和which的时机；融会贯通四大关系代词和三大关系副词以及它们的使用时机；可以顺利翻译定语从句
重点	关系词的选择；用that和which的场合；融会贯通四大关系代词和三大关系副词以及它们的使用场合
难点	用that和which的场合；融会贯通四大关系代词和三大关系副词以及它们的使用场合；翻译定语从句

一，基本关系词的选择

简述

想到定语从句，大家就得有的一个概念就是它是形容词性从句，也就是说，定语从句是一个后置定语。先行词是龙头，通过关系词后面连着一条长长的龙尾，这便是定语从句的一般形态。

所有的关系代词和关系副词回顾：

女孩的英文名

	词形	先行词	充当从句的
关系代词	Who	人	主，宾，表attn
	Whom	人	宾
	Which	物	主，宾，表
	That	人或物	主，宾，表
	As	人或物	主，宾，表
	Who(=of whom or of which	人或物	定
关系副词	When(=in etc.+ which)	时间词	状
	Where	地点词	状
	Why=(for which)	reason	状

◆ 特别注意：定语从句中的关系词没有how 和 what

◆ 提到定语从句，我们首先要映入脑海的是三大关系代词：which, who, that.

它们之间总体的区别就是:

little flower

Who/whom	人
Which	物
That	人或物

定语从句有一个非常重要的特征就是关系词作宾语时可以省略，而且常常省略。

The story I heard yesterday is very excited!

1.The place _______interested me most was the Children's Palace. (which)
2.The six blind men asked for money from tho ______ pasd by.(who)
3.Ms Chancery is the teacher _______ I like best .(who/whom/不填）
4.Is this the book ______ you wanted to borrow last time? （which/that/不填）
5.Can you tell me the name of the muum ______ you visited last month? （which/that/不填）
6.Have you ever asked him the reason ______ may explain his abnce. （which/that)
7.Are you plead with all ______ I have said? （that）
8.The two things ______ they felt very proud of were their hou and the diamond ring. （that/which/不填）
9. Is this the calculator ______ you borrowed from Jane? （that/which/不填）
10. The years and months ______ we spent together are really wonderful to us all.(that/which/不填）

练习：Fill in the blanks with all the possible answers

二：只能用that和只能用which的情况

◆ 只能用that而不用which的情况：五字口诀（最不数人物）

 （最）先行词被形容词最高级或被the only,the very, any, few, little, no ,all, one of等修饰时It is the most important task that should be finished soon.（这是必须马上完成的任务。）

 （不）先行词为all, much, few, little, everything, anything, nothing, none, the one等不定代词时:

 I mean the one that was bought yesterday.（我指的是昨天买的那个。）

（数）先行词被序数词（含last ）修饰时:

 I like the cond football match __that__ was held last week

(人物）先行词中既有人又有物时：

 We were deeply impresd by the teachers and schools that we had visited.

（我们访问过的老师和学校给我们留下深刻的印象。）

◆ 只能用which, 不宜用that的情况

1) 关系代词前有介词：

This is the room in which Lu Xun lived.

(这是鲁迅住过的房子。)

2) 引导非限制性定语从句时，必须用关系代词which，不用that，which所修饰的有时不是一个先行词，而是修饰整个句子或句子的一部分，此时只用which来引导定语从句，前面用逗号隔开：

We were given a lovely room, which had a a view. (我们被分到一个能看到海景的房间。)

He was very rude to his teacher, which certainly annoyed her. 他对他的老师非常粗鲁，这当然激怒了她。

练习：

1. They talked for about an hour of things and persons ______ they remembered in the school. （that或者省略）

2.Is there anything ______ you don’t know ?（that)

3.I will give daughter a toy plane with ______ she will like to play.(which)

4.The cond question ______ has something to do with population is the most difficult.(that)

校园安全演讲稿5.He must be from Africa, ______ can be en from his skin.(which)

6.That hou, the doors of ______ are painted white, is my grandpa’s.(which)

7. Is the oxygen the only gas ______ helps fire burn?(that)

8.The last question ______ he was asked was obviously the most difficult for me to answer.(that)

9.I have a wonderful cellphone, ______ supports 4G technology.(which)

10.He showed me the hou in ______ he was born.(which)

三：三大关系副词

关系副词（在定语从句中作状语）——由 when,where,why 等引导的定语从句

◆ when 在定语从句中做时间状语

October 1st, 1949 was the day when（on which)the People’s Republic of China was founded. 1949年 10月1日是中华人民共和国成立的日子。

◆ where 在定语从句中做地点状语

太空翼Everyone wants to visit the place where (in which) Premier Zhou once worked.

注意：where 也可修饰表示虚拟地点的词常用：point, ca, situation, position, occasion.

例子：We have reached a point in our life where we should make decision on our own.

✧ 注意关系副词和关系代词使用的区分（判断先行词在定语从句中的成分）

This is the factory which we visited yesterday.

This is the factory where I worked last year.

1. This is the reason_______ I ask you to read English loudly. (why/for which)

2. I am not satisfied with the reason (that/which或省略）you explained just now.

e.the way 后面可以跟3种形式，in which, that 或者省略

e.g. I don’t like the way in which you talked to your mother.

I don’t like the way that you talked to your mother.

I don’t like the way you talked to your mother.

◆ why 在定语从句中做原因状语。

We don't know the reason why (for which) they didn't keep their promi.

练习：

翻跟斗亲亲

1. I shall never forget tho years ______ I lived in the country with the farmers.(when)

I shall never forget tho years ______ I spent with you in the farm (that或者省略）

英语考试网

2.If a shop has chairs ______ women can park their men, women will spend more time in the shop.(where)

3.He has got himlf into a dangerous situation ______ he is likely to lo control over the plane.(where)

4. The reason ______ he was late for school is that he had to nd his injured father to the hospital(why)

5.I shall never forget tho years ___ I lived in the country with the farmers ,______has a great effect on my life.(when;which)

有道英语6.This is one of the largest factories____ have been built since last year. (that)

7.I work in a business ______ almost everyone is waiting for a great chance.(where)

8.The place _______interested me most was the children's palace. (which/that)

9.The factory ______we'll visit next week is not far from here.(that/which)

10.The city ______ I was born is swept off by a giant monster yesterday.(where)

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