形近词及意近词辨析
形近词
Alternative alternate
Appreciable appreciative
capability capacity
grossing
considerate considerable
compliment complement
comprehensible comprehensive
conrvation prervation
deprive derive
economic economical
expand extend
historic historical
hostility hospitality
fabricate fluctuate frustrate
negligible negligent
sheer shear
refrain restrain
clash crash crush
alive live living lively
certify testify
ascertain injection infection
literal literary literate liberal
migrate immigrate emigrate
maintain retain sustain
smash scratch scrape
cardinalnsible nsitive ntimental
clap slap flap
insure ensure assure
resume presume assume consume
fiction function fraction friction
spontaneous homogeneous simultaneous instantaneous
respective respectful respectable respected
describe inscribe ascribe subscribe prescribe
repel expel propel
depress oppress impress repress suppress
transmission transformation transit transaction transition translation
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意近词
大、多、重、高
Adequate considerable multitude amplify magnify majority maximum maximize overwhelming prevalent climax summit aggravate(deteriorate)
小、少、轻、低
compact exclusive extinct negligible minimum minimize miniature minority tri
vial alleviate
上升
Ascend enhance hoist heave elevate
下降
Descend decline degrade
限制
Constrain confine restrict refrain restrain
一致
Accordance coincide compatible consistent connsus
永恒、永久
falling slowlyPerpetual eternal permanent
迷惑、晕头转向四级评分
Confu puzzle baffle bewilder perplex
忍受
parenting
Endure tolerate put up with
遵守、坚持
Abide comply conform adhere
发光、发亮
Blaze dazzle glare glitter sparkle twinkle flash
dininghall
、诱惑
Tempt induce elicit
妨碍、阻碍
Hinder hamper
虚弱、脆弱
Feeble fragile vulnerable crisp
荒唐
Absurd ridiculous
开始
Commence embark initiate originate
全神贯注
Absorb engross immer
义务
Compulsory obligation
奉献、贡献
Devote dedicate
处理
Dispo do\deal\cope with tackle
控告
Charge sue accu
调停、调和
Mediate reconcile
娱乐、消遣
Entertainment enjoyment pastime recreation
1.acquire 获得。如：She has acquired a good knowledge of English.
inquire 询问，查询。常用的搭配有inquire sth. of sb. 询问；inquire about/upon 查问；inquire after (one's health) 问候；inquire into 调查。如：He inquired of all that were prent.
request 请求；要求。如：Visitors are requested not to touch the exhibits.
require 需要；要求。如：We require extra help.(注：四个词中只有inquire 可用作及物动词)
If you want to know the train schedule, plea( ) at the booking office.
A) acquire B) inquire C) request D) require
译文：如果你想了解列车时刻表，请咨询售票处。答案是B。
2.affect 影响，感动，相当于influence。如；The climate affected his health.
effect 产生，引起，用作名词时表示效果、效应。如：The war effected changes all over the world.
Once out of the earth’s gravity, the astronaut is( ) by the problem of weightlessness.
A) affected B) effected C) inclined D) related
译文：一旦摆脱了地球的引力，宇航员就被失重问题所困扰。答案是A。
3.ari 产生，出现。如：小学生高效学习法Before they went out, a mist aro.
ri 上升。如：The sun ris in the east.
rai 举起，升起，提出。如：A sunken ship was raid to the surface of the a.
arou 唤醒，引起，激起。如：His behavior aroud suspicion.
(注：四个词中，ari与ri为不及物动词)
A completely new situation will( ) when the examination system comes into existence.
vaudeA) ari B) ri C) rai D) arou
译文：这种考试制度一旦出现，将会出现一个崭新的局面。答案是A。
Our hopes( ) and fell in the same instant. (01.6)
A) aro B) raid C) ro D) aroud
译文：一瞬间我们的希望升起又落下了。答案是C。
4.emergency 紧急情况，不测事件。如：How will the disabled escape in an emergency?
urgency 紧迫性，紧要程度，催逼。如：There is no urgency about this matter.
A fire engine must have priority as it usually has to deal with some kind of( ) .
A) precaution B) crisis C) emergency D) urgency
译文：救火车必须有优先权，因为它一般要对付某种紧急情况。答案是Cruj。
5.extensive 广博的，广泛的。如：He is a scholar with an extensive knowledge of his subject.
expansive 可扩大的，可扩展的。如：The are expansive materials.
intensive 强烈的，精深的，密集的。如：They made an intensive study of the subject.
expensive 费用大的，昂贵的。如：The car is too expensive to buy.
