年高考英语真题及部分模拟题分类汇编
【词类与短语辨析题】
一、 2019 年高考真题
1.【2019·江苏卷·单项填空】 26.Nowadays the ___________ for travelling is shifted from shopping to food
and scenery.
A. priorityB. potentialC. proportionD. pension
【答案】 A
【解析】考查名词辨析。句意：当今，旅行的重点从购物转变成了品尝美食和欣赏风景。A. priority 优
先；优先权；线上教育机构 B. potential 潜在的，可能的； C. proportion 比例，占比； D. pension 退休金，抚恤金。故选 A 。
2.【 2019·江苏卷·单项填空】 27.Favorable policies are ___________ to encourage employees' professional
development.
A. in effectB. in commandC. in turnD. in shape
【答案】 A
【解析】考查介词短语。句意：好的制度政策实际上都会激发员工的专业水平的提升。A. in effect 实际
上； B. in command 指挥； C. in turn 轮流，依次； D. in shape 在外形上，处于良好的状态。故选A 。
3【. 2019·江苏卷·单项填空】 28.Unlike traditional gyms, app-backed gyms offer people ___________ options
to exerci.
A. casualB. regularC. flexibleD. tight
【答案】 C
【解析】考查形容词辨析。句意：不像传统的体育锻炼，有app 软件的体育锻炼提供了灵活的锻炼选
项。 A. casual 偶然的，随便的； B. regular 定期的，有规律的； C. flexible 灵活的； D. tight 紧的，密封的。
故选 C。
stefano4.【 2019·江苏卷·单项填空】 34.A city is the product of the human hand and mind, __________ man's
intelligence and creativity.
时尚的英文A. remblingB. reflectingC. reviewingD. restoring
【答案】 B
【解析】考查动词辨析。 句意：城市是人类的双手和思想的产物， 反映了人的智慧和创造力。 rembling 像； reflecting 反映； reviewing 回顾； restoring 恢复，根据题意，故选 B。
5.【 2019·天津卷·单项填空】 3.A study shows the students who are engaged in after-school activities are happier than _________who are not.
A. OnesB. tho C. The D. them
【答案】 B
【解析】考查代词。句意：一项研究表明，参加课外活动的学生比不参加课外活动的学生更开心。空
格处代词与 the students是对应关系，可以用 the ones或者 tho 替代。“ them”指代的是前边提到的复数名词，不能与 the students形成对应关系。“ the”一般不用定语从句修饰。故选 B。
1
6.【 2019·天津卷·单项填空】 | 7.We can obrve that artificial intelligence has already made a(n) |
___________on our lives in many ways. |
A. Statement | B. impact C. Impression D. judgment |
【答案】和风日语 B | | | |
【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们能够看到人工智能在许多方面已经对我们的生活产生了强烈 |
的影响。 statement“陈述说明”； | impact“强烈的影响，冲击力”；impression “印象，感想”； |
拥挤的英文judgement“判断力判断”。故选 B。 | |
7.【 2019·天津卷·单项填空】 | 9.Kate heard a man's voice in the background, but she couldn't ___________ |
what he was saying. | | |
A. t aside | lectitem B . take back | C. make out D. keep off |
【答案】意大利语学校 C | | | |
【解析】考查动词词组辨析。句意： | 凯特听到背景中有一个男人的声音，但她听不清他在说什么。t |
| | | |
aside“存储，留出”； take back“收回，拿回”； make out“辨认出，理解，了解”； keep off“（使）避开”。故选 C。
8.【 2019·新课标 I 卷·语法填空】 It is difficult to figure out a global population of polar bears as much of the range has been ___62___ (poor) studied; however, biologists calculate that there are about 20,000-25,000 polar bears worldwide.
cyberx
【答案】 poorly
【解析】考查副词用法。根据句意和结构分析可知，此处用副词poorly 修饰谓语动词has been studied，
意为“研究很少”。故填poorly 。
9.【 2019·新课标 I 卷·语法填空】 Modem methods ___63___ tracking polar bear populations have been employed only since the mid-1980s, and are expensive to perform (perform) consistently over a large area.
【答案】 of/for
【解析】考查介词用法。此处tracking polar bear populations 作 Modern methods 的定语，用of 连接，
“ methods of doing sth. 意为“ ”,的方法 ”，构成固定结构。或者意为“对于跟踪北极熊的方法 ”用 for。
故填 of/for 。
9.【 2019·新课标 I 卷·语法填空】 Scientists have responded by | noting (note) that hungry bears may be |
butcher什么意思congregating(聚集 ) around human ttlements, leading to the illusion( | 错觉 ) that populations are ___68___ |
(high) than they actually are. | |
【答案】48个国际音标发音 of/for | |
| |
【解析】考查形容词比较级。 根据其后 than they actually are可知，此处为形容词的比较级，故填 higher。
10.【 2019·新课标 I 卷·语法填空】 Of ___69___ nineteen recognized polar bear subpopulations, three are declining, six are (be) stable, one is increasing, and nine lack enough data.
