双语美国独⽴宣⾔全⽂（中英⽂对照）
1776年7⽉4⽇，⼤陆会议在费城正式通过托马斯·杰佛逊起草的《独⽴宣⾔》。以下为美国独⽴宣⾔的全⽂内容：
The Declaration of Independence
IN CONGRESS, JULY 4,
管理者的英文1776 THE UNANIMOUS
DECLARATION OF THE
THIRTEEN UNITED
STATES OF AMERAICA
When in the cour of human events, it becomes necessary for one people todissolve the political bands which have connected them with another, and to assume among the powers of the earth, the parate and equal station to which the laws Nature and Nature’s God entitle them, a decent respect to
the opinions of mankind requires that they should declare the caus which impelthem to the paration.
在⼈类事务发展的过程中，当⼀个民族必须解除同另⼀个民族的联系，并按照⾃然法则和上帝的旨意，以独⽴平等的⾝份⽴于世界列国之林时，出于对⼈类舆论的尊重，必须把驱使他们独⽴的原因予以宣布。
We hold the truths to be lf-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable rights, that they are among the are life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness. That to cure the rights, governments are instituted among them, deriving their just power from the connt of the governed. That whenever any form of government becomes destructive of the ends, it is the right of the people to alter or to abolish it, and to institute new government, laying its foundation on such principles and organizing its powers in such form, as to them shall em most likely to effect their safety and happiness. Prudence, indeed, will dictate that governments long established should not be changed for light and transient caus; and accordingly all experience hath shown that mankind are more dispod to suffer, while evils are sufferable, than t right themlves by abolishing the forms to which they are accustomed. But when a long train of abus and usurpations, pursuing invariably the same objectevinces a design to reduce them under
gmv是什么意思
absolute despotism, it is their right, it is their duty, to throw off such government, and to provide new guards for their future curity. Such has been the patient sufferance of the Colonies; and such is now the necessity, which constrains them to alter their former systems of government. The history of the prent King of Great Britain is usurpations, all having in direct object tyranny over the States. To prove this, let facts be submitted to a candid world.
教学相长是什么意思
我们认为下述真理是不⾔⽽喻的：⼈⼈⽣⽽平等，造物主赋予他们若⼲不可让与的权利，其中包括⽣存权、⾃由权和追求幸福的权利。为了保障这些权利，⼈们才在他们中间建⽴政府，⽽政府的正当权利，则是经被统治者同意授予的。任何形式的政府⼀旦对这些⽬标的实现起破坏作⽤时，⼈民便有权予以更换或废除，以建⽴⼀个新的政府。新政府所依据的原则和组织其权利的⽅式，务使⼈民认为唯有这样才最有可能使他们获得安全和幸福。若真要审慎的来说，成⽴多年的政府是不应当由于⽆关紧要的和⼀时的原因⽽予以更换的。过去的⼀切经验都说明，任何苦难，只要尚能忍受，⼈类还是情愿忍受，也不想为申冤⽽废除他们久已习惯了的政府形式。然⽽，当始终追求同⼀⽬标的⼀系列滥⽤职权和强取豪夺的⾏为表明政府企图把⼈民⾄于专制暴政之下时，⼈民就有权也有义务去推翻这样的政府，并为其未来的安全提供新的保障。这就是这些殖民地过去忍受苦难的经过，也是他们现在不得不改变政府制度的原因。当今⼤不列颠王国的历史，就是屡屡伤害和掠夺这些殖民地的历史，其直接⽬标就是要在各州之上建⽴⼀个独裁暴政。为了证明上述句句属实，现将事实公诸于世，让公正的世⼈作出评判。
He has refud his asnt to laws, the most wholesome and necessary for the public good.
他拒绝批准对公众利益最有益、最必需的法律。
He has forbidden his Governors to pass laws of immediate and pressing importance, unless suspended in their operation till his asnt should be obtained; and when so suspended, he has utterly neglected to attend them.
他禁⽌他的殖民总督批准刻不容缓、极端重要的法律，要不就先⾏搁置这些法律直⾄征得他的同意，⽽这些法律被搁置
他禁⽌他的殖民总督批准刻不容缓、极端重要的法律，要不就先⾏搁置这些法律直⾄征得他的同意，⽽这些法律被搁置以后，他⼜完全置之不理。
He has refud to pass other laws for the accommodation of large districts of people, unless tho people would relinquish the right of reprentation in the Legislature, a right inestimable to them and formidable to tyrants only.
他拒绝批准便利⼤地区⼈民的其他的法律，除⾮这些地区的⼈民情愿放弃⾃⼰在⾃⼰在⽴法机构中的代表权；⽽代表权对⼈民是⽆⽐珍贵的，只有暴君才畏惧它。
He has called together legislative bodies at places unusual, uncomfortable, and distant from the depository of their public records, for the sole purpo of fatiguing them into compliance with his measures.
他把各州的⽴法委员召集到⼀个异乎寻常、极不舒适⽽有远离他们的档案库的地⽅去开会，其⽬的⽆⾮是使他们疲惫不堪，被迫就范。
my humpending是什么意思He has dissolved reprentative hous repeatedly, for opposing with manly firmness his invasion on the rights of the people.
他⼀再解散各州的众议院，因为后者坚决反对他侵犯⼈民的权利。
He has refud for a long time, after such dissolution, to cau others to be elected ; whereby the legislative powers, incapable of annihilation, have returned to the people at large for their exerci; the State remaining in the meantime expod to all the dangers of invasion from without andconvulsion within.
他在解散众议院之后，⼜长期拒绝另选他⼈，于是这项不可剥夺的⽴法权便归由普通⼈民来⾏使，致使在这其间各州仍处于外敌⼊侵和内部骚乱的种种危险之中。
He has endeavored to prevent the population of the states; for that purpo obstructing the laws of naturalizing of foreigners; refusing to pass others to encourage their migration hither, and raising the condition of new appropriations of lands.
他⼒图阻⽌各州增加⼈⼝，为此⽬的，他阻挠外国⼈⼊籍法的通过，拒绝批准其他⿎励移民的法律，并提⾼分配新⼟地的条件。
He has obstructed the administration of justice, by refusing his asnt of laws for establishing judiciary powers.
他拒绝批准建⽴司法权利的法律，以阻挠司法的执⾏。
He has made judges dependent on his will alone, for the tenure of their office, and the amount and payment of their salary.
他迫使法官为了保住任期、薪⾦的数额和⽀付⽽置于他个⼈意志的⽀配之下。
He has erected a multitude of new officers, and nt hither swarms of officers to harass our people, and eat out our substances.
他滥设新官署，委派⼤批官员到这⾥骚扰我们的⼈民，吞噬他们的财物。yard
He has kept among us, in times of peace, standing armies without the connt of our legislatures.
他在和平时期，未经我们⽴法机构同意，就在我们中间维持其常备军。
He has affected to render the military independent of and superior to the civil power.
他施加影响，使军队独⽴于⽂官政权之外，并凌驾于⽂官政权之上。中国mba
He has combined with others to subject us to a jurisdiction foreign to our constitution, and unacknowledged by our laws; giving his asnt to their acts of pretended legislation.For quartering large bodies of armed troops among us;
他同他⼈勾结，把我们置于⼀种既不符合我们的法规也未经我们法律承认的管辖之下，⽽且还批准他们炮制的各种伪法案，以便任其在我们中间驻扎⼤批武装部队；
For protecting them, by a mock trial, from punishment for any murder which they should commit on the inhabitants of the States.
不论这些⼈对我们各州居民犯下何等严重的谋杀罪，他可⽤加审判来庇护他们，让他们逍遥法外；
For cutting off our trade with all parts of the world;
他可以切断我们同世界各地的贸易；
toFor imposing taxes on us without our connt;
未经我们同意便向我们强⾏征税；
For depriving us in many cas, of the benefits of trial by jury;
在许多案件中剥夺我们享有陪审制的权益；
For transporting us beyond as to be tried for pretended offens;
以莫须有的罪名把我们押送海外受审；
For abolishing the free systems of English laws in a neighboring Province, establishing therein an arbitrary government, and enlarging its boundaries so as to render it at once an example and fit instrument for introducing the same absolute rule the Colonies;
他在⼀个邻省废除了英国法律的⾃由制度，在那⾥建⽴专制政府，扩⼤其疆域，使其⽴即成为⼀个样板和合适的⼯具，以便向这⾥各殖民地推⾏同样的专制统治；
For taking away our Charters, abolishing our most valuable laws, and alteringfundamentally the forms of our governments;
他取消我们的许多特许状，废除我们最珍贵的法律并从根本上改变我们各州政府的形式；
For suspending our own Legislatures, and declaring themlves invested with power to legislate for us in all cas whatsoever.
他终⽌我们⽴法机构⾏使权⼒，宣称他们⾃⼰拥有在任何情况下为我们制定法律的权⼒。
He has abdicated government here, by declaring us out of his protection and waging war against us.
他们放弃设在这⾥的政府，宣称我们已不属他们保护之列，并向我们发动战争。
He has plundered our as, ravaged our coasts, burnt our towns, and destroyed the lives of our people.
他在我们的海域⾥⼤肆掠夺，蹂躏我们的沿海地区，烧毁我们的城镇，残害我们⼈民的⽣命。
He is at this time transporting large armies of foreign mercenaries to complete the works of death, de
solation and tyranny, already begun with circumstances of cruelty and perfidy scarcely parallel in the most barbarousages, and totally unworthy the head of a civilized nation.
totally unworthy the head of a civilized nation.
他此时正在运送⼤批外国雇佣兵，来从事其制造死亡、荒凉和暴政的勾当，其残忍与卑劣从⼀开始就连最野蛮的时代也难以相⽐，他已完全不配当⼀个⽂明国家的元⾸。
He has constrained our fellow citizens taken captive on the high as to bear arms against their country, to become the executioners of their friends and brethren, or to fall themlves by their hands.
他强迫我们在公海被他们俘虏的同胞拿起武器反对⾃⼰的国家，使他们成为残杀⾃⼰亲友的刽⼦⼿，或使他们死于⾃⼰亲友的⼿下。
He has excited domestic insurrection amongst us, and has endeavored to bring on the inhabitants of our frontiers, the merciless Indian savages, who known rule of warfare, is an undistinguished destruction of all ages, xes, and conditions.
他在我们中间煽动内乱，并竭⼒挑唆残酷⽆情的印地安蛮⼦来对付我们边疆的居民，⽽众所周知，印
地安⼈作战的准则是不分男⼥⽼幼、是⾮曲直，格杀勿论。
In every stage of the oppressions we have petitioned for redress in the most humble terms: our repeated petition have been answered only by repeated injury. A prince who character is thus marked by every act which may define a tyrant is unfit to be the ruler of a free people.
category是什么意思在遭受这些压迫的每⼀阶段，我们都曾以最谦卑的⾔辞吁请予以纠正。⽽我们⼀次⼜⼀次的情愿，却只是被报以⼀次⼜⼀次的伤害。⼀个君主，其品格被他的每⼀个只有暴君才⼲的出的⾏为所暴露时，就不配君临⾃由的⼈民。
Nor have we been wanting in attention to our British brethren. We have warned them from time to time of attempts by their legislature to extend an unwarrantable jurisdiction over us. We have reminded them of the circumstances of our emigration and ttlement here. We have appealed to their native justice and magnanimity, and we have conjured them by the ties of our common kindred to disavow the usurpation, which would inevitably interrupt our connections and correspondence. They too have been deaf to the voice of justice and of consanguinity. We must, therefore, acquiesce in the necessity, which denounces our paration, and hold them., as we hold the rest of mankind, enemies in war, in peace friends.
我们并不是没有想到我们英国的弟兄。他们的⽴法机关想把⽆理的管辖权扩展到我们这⾥来，我们时常把这个企图通知他们。我们也曾把我们移民来这⾥和在这⾥定居的情况告诉他们。我们曾恳求他们天⽣的正义感和雅量，念在同种同宗的分上，弃绝这些掠夺⾏为，因为这些掠夺⾏为难免会使我们之间的关系和来往中断。可他们对这种正义和同宗的呼声也同样充⽿不闻。因此，我们不得不宣布脱离他们，以对待世界上其他民族的态度对待他们：同我交战者，就是敌⼈；同我和好者，即为朋友。
We, therefore, the Reprentatives of the United States of America, in General Congress asmbled , appealing to the supreme Judge of the world for the rectitude of our intentions, do, in the name, and by authority of the good people of the Colonies, solemnly publish and declare, That the United States Colonies and Independent States; that they are absolved by from all allegiance to the British Crown, and that all political connection between them and the State, they have full power to levy war, conclude peace, contract alliances, establish commerce, and to do all other acts and things which Independent States may of right do. And for the support of this declaration, with a firm reliance on the protection of Divine Providence, we mutually pledge to each other our lives, our fortunes, and our sacred honor.
因此我们这些在⼤陆会议上集会的美利坚合众国的代表们，以各殖民地善良⼈民的名义，并经他们授权，向世界最⾼裁判者申诉，说明我们的严重意向，同时郑重宣布：我们这些联合起来的殖民地现在
是，⽽且按公理也应该是，独⽴⾃由的国家；我们对英国王室效忠的全部义务，我们与⼤不列颠王国之间⼤不列颠⼀切政治联系全部断绝，⽽且必须断绝。作为⼀个独⽴⾃由的国家，我们完全有权宣战、缔和、结盟、通商和采取独⽴国家有权采取的⼀切⾏动。我们坚定地信赖神明上帝的保佑，同时以我们的⽣命、财产和神圣的名誉彼此宣誓来⽀持这⼀宣⾔。
【说明】
皮肤暗黄美白的方法杰斐逊起草了《独⽴宣⾔》的第⼀稿，富兰克林等⼈⼜进⾏了润⾊。⼤陆会议对此稿⼜进⾏了长时间的、激烈的辩论，最终作出了重⼤的修改。特别是在佐治亚和卡罗来纳代表们的坚持下，删去了杰斐逊对英王乔治三世允许在殖民地保持奴⾪制和奴⾪买卖的有⼒谴责。这⼀部分的原⽂是这样的：
他的⼈性本⾝发动了残酷的战争，侵犯了⼀个从未冒犯过他的远⽅民族的最神圣的⽣存权和⾃由权；他诱骗他们，并把他们运往另⼀半球充当奴⾪，或使他们惨死在运送途中。
托马斯·杰斐逊(1743-1826)，⽣于弗吉尼亚的⼀个富裕家庭。曾就读于威廉-玛丽学院。1767年成为律师，1769年当选为弗吉尼亚下院议院。他积极投⾝于独⽴运动之中，并代表弗吉尼亚出席⼤陆会议。他曾两次当选弗吉尼亚州长。1800年当选美国总统。
杰斐逊在为⾃⼰的墓碑⽽作的墓志铭中这样写到：这⾥埋葬着托马斯.杰斐逊，美国《独⽴宣⾔》的作者，弗吉尼亚宗教⾃由法规的制定者和弗吉尼亚⼤学之⽗。
本⽂转⾃：译匠
