词意推断与代词指代
距离高考还有一段时间，不少有经验的老师都会提醒考生，愈是临近高考，能否咬紧牙关、学会自我调节，态度是否主动积极，安排是否科学合理，能不能保持良好的心态、以饱满的情绪迎接挑战，其效果往往大不一样。以下是本人从事10多年教学经验总结出的以下学习资料，希望可以帮助大家提高答题的正确率，希望对你有所帮助，有志者事竟成！
养成良好的答题习惯，是决定高考英语成败的决定性因素之一。做题前，要认真阅读题目要求、题干和选项，并对答案内容作出合理预测;答题时，切忌跟着感觉走，最好按照题目序号来做，不会的或存在疑问的，要做好标记，要善于发现，找到题目的题眼所在，规范答题，书写工整;答题完毕时，要认真检查，查漏补缺，纠正错误。总之，在最后的复习阶段，学生们不要加大练习量。在这个时候，学生要尽快找到适合自己的答题方式，最重要的是以平常心去面对考试。英语最后的复习要树立信心，考试的时候遇到难题要想“别人也难”，遇到容易的则要想“细心审题”。越到最后，考生越要回归基础，单词最好再梳理一遍，这样有利于提高阅读理解的效率。另附高考复习方法和考前30天冲刺复习方法。
词意推断
1.题干特征：
题干中有underline 或 “ ”
2.方法：
1）通过选项bombardment中词汇的词性开创者判断划线单词的词性（目的是确定与这个词相关的成分）
示例：
划线词为形容词：找到这个形容词所修饰的名词，通过前后文判断这个名词应该有什么样的特点；注意这个形容词是否有副词修饰等
划线词为动词：找到动作的发出者和承受者，判断选项中主谓或动宾结构搭配的合理性；判断该动词是否有其他状语成分修饰等
划线词为过零丁洋翻译名词：判断这个名词所作的成分，是否发出了动作或承受了动作，是否有形容词进行修饰等
2）观察原文该词附近是否有连接词（说明前后的逻辑关系）、破折号或同位语结构（解释说明的作用）
其他提示：
副词 also; as well; too; either; neither …
that is to say; to put it another way; or rather; …
3）如果划线部分是一个句子，那么该句前或后通常有一个句子与它的意义几乎一样或有强烈的逻辑关系
注意事项：
如果选项中某个句子与画线句的表层含义几乎一样，通常这个选项错误
代词指代
1.通过代词本身判断它所指代的名词单复数
注意事项：
one 比较特殊，它可以指代前文复数内容的其中一个
2.回到原文判断这个代词指代的是人还是物还是事
3.通常从划线代词位置向前找离它最近的符合上述要求的名词、短语或句子
注意事项：
当所有选项都出现在代词附近时，注意句子成分之间的逻辑关系
4.个别情况下（尤其是it作形式主语或形式宾语的情况）可能需要向后找
5.找到后把这个名词代入代词所在的位置，根据句意进行进一步判断
典型例题1
For example, a bird called the bar-tailed godwit migrates from its breeding grounds in the Arctic. It flies all the way to Australia and New Zealand. The problem, according to investi
gators, is that many of the small birds die along their migration becau they don’t have a safe place to eat and rest. There is no place to restore their energy for the next part of their journey. “They simply perish along the way,” says one of the scientists.
题：Which of he following is clot in meaning to the underlined word “perish” in the paragraph?
A.Continue B. Die C. Settle D. Migrate
【答案】B
【解析】首先通过选项可以判断划线单词为动词，回到原文发现该动词有 along the way 这个状语成分修饰，因此我们在前文找到相同的地点状语修饰 … many of the small birds die along their migration 可知这种鸟类会在迁徙途中因为没有吃东西和休息的地方会导致死亡。故选B
典型例题2
The cleaner wras (濑鱼) lives on coral reefs and provides a rvice by biting parasites (寄生虫) off the scales of bigger fish gently —— a delicate relationship that may require insights into the minds of its clients. Such “theory of mind” has long been en as another cornerstone of human mental superiority. The possibility that fish posss it is not, however, the only threat to our human exceptionalism (例外主义). It may not be long before computers give us a run for our money, too.
题：The underlined part in this paragraph probably means ( ).
A.bring us huge profits
B.cost us a lot of money
C.have great control over us
D.challenge human exceptionalism
【答案】D
【解析】由划线句后的tsystem updateooawakening 可知，前文有与划线短语内容相近的事例，根据本段倒数第二句中的 … is not the only threat to our human exceptionalism 可知鱼类拥有自我意识的可能性威胁了人类例外主义理论。故选D。
masters
典型例题3
In life, once on a path, we tend to follow it, for better or wor. What’s sad is that even id it’s the latter, we often accept it anyway becau we are so ud to the way things are that we don’t even recognize that they could be different. This is a phenomenon psychologists call functional fixedness.
This classic experiment will give you an idea of how it works and a n of whether you may have fallen into the same trap: People are given a box of tacks (大头钉) and some matches and asked to find a way to attach a candle to a wall so that it burns properly.
题：What does the underlined word “it” in paragraph 2 refer to?
A.The experiment
B.Functional fixedness
C.The path
D.The thinking
mie【答案】B
spontaneously【解析】根据上下文 This classic experiment will give you an idea of how it works … (这个经典的实验能够告诉你它是怎样起作用的) 可知 it 应指代前文内容，即第一段最后提到的 functional fixedness 现象。故选 B。
典型例题4
With the right amount of CNFs mixed in, the desrt lasted longer in its frozen state than the traditional ice cream, extending the amount of time the treat can be enjoyed. What was even more exciting was that the fiber incread the stickiness of the low-fat ice cream to levels higher than the full-fat one. Since this is what determines the frozen treat’
s creaminess and taste, CNFs could help create the healthier ice cream without influencing the taste of it.
题：What does the underlined word “it” in this paragraph?
A.The ice cream
B.The fiber
C.The fat
D.克莱尔丹尼斯The stickiness
【答案】A
【解析】crush什么意思根据划线代词所在句可知，CNFs 可以在不影响冰淇淋的口感同时让它更加健康。故选 A。
