医学英语中单词颇多，但医学英语的学习有个技巧就是学习前后缀，不过医学英语中的前后
缀也说实话也有很多的.可还是有一些前后缀是最常用的，掌握了他们你其实可以猜出大部
分的医学英语单词的意思.下面列出这些最常用的供参考.
1．人体主要器官前缀
名称通用名前（后）缀常用形容词示例
心heart cardiao- cardial cardium/carditis/cardiology
脑brain encepholo- cerebral cerebrum/encephalitis/encephalology
肺lung pulmo- pulmonary pulmontiis/pulmonectomy/pulmonology
肝liver hepato- hepatic hepatitis/hepatobiliary/hepatology
胃stomach gastro- gastric gastritis/gastrointestinal/gastrology
胆gallbladder chole- biliary holecystitis/cholinergic/cholecystectomy
肠intestine entero- intestinal enteritis/enterectomy/enterology
脾spleen splen- splenic splenitis/splenectomy/splenology
胰pancreas pancreato- pancreatic pancreatitis/pancreatectomy
肾kidney nephro- renal/nephric nephritis/nephropathy/nephrology
2．与人体系统、器官有关的前（后）缀
名称通用名前（后）缀示例
血blood hemo-/hemato hematology/hemoglobin/hematoma
血管vesl vaso- vasopressor/cardiovasology/verebrovascular
静脉vein veno- venography/intravenous/venoconstriction
动脉artery arterio- arteriology/arteriole/arteriosclerosis
肌muscle myo- mycology/myositis/myocarditis
髓marrow myel-/myelo- myelocyte/myelitis/myeloma
神经nerve neur-/neyro- neurology/neuritis/neuron
细胞cell cyto-/-cyte cytology/cytoma/leukocyte
毕业证书翻译
尿urine uro-/ur- urology/urosurgery/urogenital
体body somato-/some somatology/somatopsychic/chromosome
3．与数字有关的前缀
数字前缀示例
一（单）mono-/uni- monomer/monoclone/carbon monoxide/unidirectional
free money二bi-/di- bilateral/biphasiccarbon dioxide/dipeptide
三tri- trilateral/triphasic/trigeminal nerve
四tetra- tetramer/tetracycline/tetraplegia
九年级上册英语第一单元
五penta- pentagon/pentachromic/pentachloride
六hexa- hexachromic/benzene hexachloride(666)/hexacycliccompiund
描写晴天的作文七hepta- heptachromic/heptaploid/heptavalent
experti
八octa- octahedral/octal system
九nona- nonapeptide/nonagon
十deca- decade/decagram/decaliter
注：十位数的表示一般为：个位数前缀+deca，如：hexadecanol（十六烷醇），tetradec
apeptide gastrin（十四肽胃泌素），octadecanoic acid（十八烷酸）
4．颜色及与颜色有关的前缀
颜色通用名前缀示例
色color chrom-/chromo- chromosome/chromatin/chromatometer
msmr红red erythro- erythrocyte/erythrocyturia/erythrometer
白white leuko- leukocyte/leukemia/leukocytuira
黑black melano- melena/melanoma/melanoderma法学考研科目
黄yellow xantho- xanthopsin/xanthosis/xanthoma
蓝blue cyan-/cyano cyanosis/cyanopsia/cyanemia
紫violet/purple
绿green
棕brown brown mixture/brown ring
橙orange Victoria orange/ethyl orange/orange G
粉红pink oink frothy sputum
绯红crimson
青铜bronzed bronzed diabetes
注：有些病名的“蓝”“紫”“青”为同义，其前缀都为“cyano-”.
5．与疾病和疾患有关的前（后）缀(1)
含义前（后）缀形容词示例
病patho- pathogen/pathology/pathogenesis
/-pathy -pathic neuropathy/nephropathy/adenopathy
病态-osis -otic neurosis/tuberculosis/schistosomiasis
增多leukocytosis/erythrocytopenia/granulocytosis
减少-penia -penic leukocytopenia/erythrocytopenia/granulocytopenia
无a-/an- atypical/anuria/agranulocytopenia
小/微-let droplet/platelet/leaflet
micro- microscopy/microorganism/micronucleus
大/巨macro- macroscopic/macronucleus/macrophage
-megaly splenomegaly/acromegaly/hepatomegaly
复合/多poly- polyuria/polymer/polyopia
全/泛pan- pancolectomy/panmyelosis/pandemic
6．与疾病和疾患有关的前（后）缀(2)
含义前（后）缀示例
相反dis- dia/disorder/disability
郑州o学习
困难/障碍dys- dysfunction/dyspepsia/dyspnea
不良mal- malfunction/malnutrition/malpractice
炎症-it is appendicitis/bronchitis/arthritis
电子情书瘤/块-oma lymphoma/adenoma/hematoma
血症-emia leukemia/ptimia/bacteremia
痛-algia/-algesia/alge-/algo- analgesia/hypoalgesia/algometer
麻痹-plegia hemipleia/pamplegia/myoplegia
流出-rrhea diarrhea/hypermenorrhea/rhinorrhea
坏死-necrosis necro-/necr- hepatonecrosis/myonecrosis/necrospermia
结石litho-/-lith lithiasis/lithogenesis/cholelithes
7．与方位有关的前缀
含义通用词前缀示例
上upper/superior pi-/supra- epidemic/epithelium/supracostal
下lower/inferior nfra-/sub- infracostal/subclavicular/subcutaneous
前front/anterior/prior fore-/ante- forehead/anteroposterior/precirrhosis
/pre-
后back/posterior post-/retro- posthepatic/postprandial/retrocardiac
内inner/internal in-/endo-/ento- inhalation/endoscopy/entocranial
外outer/external ex-/exo- extract/excretion/exocardial深圳嵌入式培训
间between inter- intermuscular/intercostal/intercour
旁/副on the side of para- parathyroid/paraprotein/pararenal
周around peri- perioperative/pericarditis/peritoneum
中心central centri-/centra- centrifugation/centralize/centronucleus
/centro-
反/对opposite counter-/contra- counterpart/countershock/contraindication 注：in vivo/in’vaivou/活体内;in vitro/in vaitrou/活体外或试管内；in situ/in’saitju:/原位
8．与外科手术有关的前（后）缀
含义前（后）缀示例
切除-ectomy appendectomy/gastrectomy/splenectomy
切开-tomy tracheotomy/hysterotomy/craniotomy
切（割）-tome tracheotome/thoracotome
吻合-stomy duodenoenterostomy/gastroesophagostomy
成形术-plasty tracheoplasty/osteoplasty/myoplasty
整（矫）形ortho- orthopedics/orthopod/orthotherapy
造影-graphy angiography/nephrography/phlebography
经… trans- transdominal/translateral/transurethral
注：ortho-也是“正”“原”的前缀，如：ortho-acid（正酸）
-
graphy为方法，如：electrocardigraphy 心电图检查术；graph为仪器，如：electroca rdigraph心电图机；gram为图象，文字，如：electrocardiogram心电图记录。9．与化学品有关的前（后）缀
含义前（后）缀示例
酸盐ate sulfate/nitrate/acetate
醇-ol alcohol/propanol/taxol
醛-al retinal/methylal/propanal
酮-one acetone/progesterone/ketone
糖glyco- glycogenolysis
saccharo- saccharomyces
-saccharide polysaccharide
酶-a reducta/transmina/kina
素-in penicillin/heparin/nuclein
原-gen allogen/antigen/glycogen
苯基/酚phen-/pheno- phenol/phenate/phenetidin
氨基amino- aminobenzene/aminophera/aminopyrine
10．与“作用”有关的前（后）缀
含义前（后）缀示例
杀-cide/-cidal incticide/pesticide/bactericidal
抑-stasis/-static bacteriostasis/virostatic/tuberculostatic
驱逐-fuge febrifuge/centrifuge
抗-anti antibiotic/antimycotic/antimutagen
去/脱/除de- dehydroprednisone/detergent/densitization
回/再/复re- reabsorb/reactivation/recombinant
冷冻cryo- cryobiology/cryoprervation/cryoprotectant
否/去/分离dis- disinfection/dissociate/disction
向后/退行retro- retrograde/retrosternal/retrocardiac
