修辞手法-夸张

更新时间:2023-07-06 15:00:14 阅读: 评论:0

7.
HYPERBOLE
1. 定义
Hyperbole: A figure of speech consisting in exaggerated or extravagant statement, ud to express a strong feeling or produce a strong impression, and not intended to be understood literally (OED); extravagant exaggeration that reprents something as much greater or less, better or wor, or more inten than it really is or that depicts impossible as actual (as mile-high ice-cream cones) (WED). 英语Hyperbole (夸张)一词源于希腊语的huperbole,原意为excess (超过)。这是一种故意夸大其词或言过其实(overstatement)的修辞手法,其特点是对表达对象进行有违常识或不合逻辑的夸张性描写,以此来取得强烈的修辞效果。试比较以下例句:
    (1) He ran down the avenue, making aloud noi.
    (2) He ran down the avenue, making a noi like ten hors at a gallop.chartered bank
  显而易见,例(1)为一般性描写,而例(2)则属夸张性描写,远比例(1)生动形象,使人有如临其境,如闻其声之感。因此它常用于文学作品和日常生活中,而不用于科学著作、调查报告、情况汇报、政策文件等应用文体中。
英文电影  就性质而言,英语夸张可分为两类,即扩大夸张(Extended Hyperbole)和缩小夸张(Reduced Hyperbole) 。前者将描写对象的形象、数量、作用、程度等特征性的东西说得特别高、特别大;后者正相反,即把描写对象的形象、数量、作用、程度等特征性的东西说得特别底、特别小。比较以下例句可看出两者的特点:
    (1) His eloquence would split rocks!
      他的雄辩之威之利,能劈磐石。
    (2) It is the last straw that breaks the camels back.
      骆驼负载过重,加根草就能压死。
*(1)为扩大夸张;例(2)则是缩小夸张。
2.表达方式
  英语英语批改网Hyperbole按构成方式大体可分为五类,现分别举例说明。
  ( 1 ) 用数词表示
    We must fight for every inch of land.
      我们必须寸土必争。   
  This made him roar like a thousand bulls.    ( George Eliot: The Mill on the Floss )
这使他像千牛怒吼一般咆哮起来。
I have given my last ounce of strength to my work.
我对工作已经尽了最大的努力。
  One father is more than a hundred schoolmasters.    ( George Herbert )
一个父亲的作用大于100个教师。
He gave her a ghost of a smile.
他对她露出一丝微笑
  I loved Ophelia: forty thousand brothers could not, with all their quantity of love make up my sum.                                      ( William Shakespeare: Hamlet )
    我爱奥菲利娅:40 000个兄弟的爱合起来,还抵不过我对她的爱。
  Splendid chees they were, ripe and mellow, and with a two hundred hor-power scent about them that might have warranted to carry three mileschengling, and knock a man over at two hundred yards.
                                                    ( J. K. Jerome )
    这些奶酪妙极,酥软香甜,四溢的香气足有200大学英语精读第二册答案>nice是什么意思马力那么强大,保证3英里以外都可以闻到,200码远处站着的人,也会被它的香气熏醉冲倒。
  *作者对奶酪气味的描绘竭尽夸张之能事,幽默风趣溢于言表。
  We enjoy every minute of the play.
    我对这个剧从头到尾都很欣赏。
  She is sitting here, but her mind is a thousand miles away.
她人在这里坐着,心却在千里之外。fortune500
I beg you a thousand pardons.
    我很对不起你,请千万原谅。
  Thanks a million.
万分感谢。
  The gang derve to die a thousand deaths.
    meal这伙人罪该万死。
  Ive told you fifty times.
我对你讲过无数次了。
  Its a thousand pities that you cant come.
    你不能来,真令人遗憾。
  My left leg weighs three tons.    (Thomas Baily Aldrich: Marjorie Daw )   
全球高校排名
我的左腿重三吨。 
You write ten times better than any man in the congress.
( Peter Stone and Sherman Edwards: 1776 )
你写得比议会中的任何人都要好上十倍。
  An ounce of wisdom is worth a million tons of books.
                                  ( Konrad Bercovici: The Wisdom of the Illiterate )

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