语⾳基本知识：⾳节_重⾳__节奏
语⾳元⾳(vowels)：发⾳时⽓流从肺部泄出，不受任何阻碍，在⿐腔和⼝腔中畅通⽆阻不带任何摩擦，这样发出的⾳叫元⾳。辅⾳英语元⾳有2
0个，其中12个单元⾳（purevowels），8个双元⾳(diphthongs)。28个辅⾳，其中11对清浊相对共22个，3个
⿐⾳，2个半元⾳，1个边⾳。元、辅⾳元⾳：前元⾳[i:][i][e][?]辅⾳：爆破⾳[p][b][t][d
][k][g]元⾳：中元⾳[?][?:][Λ]辅⾳：摩擦⾳[f][s][θ][∫][h][
v][z][e][з][r]元⾳：后元⾳:[a:][?][?:][u][u:]发⾳时英语笑话大全
，其唇型是由近乎全合到近乎全开；其⾆位依次降低。辅⾳：破擦⾳[t∫][dз][tr][dr][ts][dz]
元⾳：双元⾳[ei:] [ai][?i][?u][au][i?][e?][u?]辅⾳
：⿐辅⾳[m][n][η] 辅⾳：⾆边⾳[l] 半元⾳：[w][j]语⾳-正确朗读meet[mi牛仔上衣配什么裤子
:t]遇见bee[bi:]蜜蜂me[mi:]我team[ti:m]团队keep[ki:p]保持gla
d[gl?d]⾼兴的cat[k?t]猫bad[b?d]坏的pen[pen]钢笔men[men]男⼈
bed[bed]床ten[ten]⼗pet[pet]宠物net[net]⽹络debt[det]债
务it[it]它first[f?:st]第⼀vision[viз?n]视⼒dish[dif]盘
cut[kΛt]切shut[∫Λt]关tough[tΛf]坚硬的have[h?v]有decisi
on[disiз?n]决定train[trein]⽕车car[ka:]⼩轿车party[pa:ti]wa
tch[w?t∫]⼿表聚会shop[∫?p]商店coffee[k?fi]咖啡cheap[t∫i:p]
便宜的jeep[dVi:p]吉普车[pi:][bi:][did][pit][pet][t?p]
[pen][ti:d][gi:][ki:][ti:][ted][p?d][bed][get]
[fif][kΛp][glΛns][t?:n][bet?][veri][wik][e?t][f
i][mev?][sit][p?:s][zed][fa:st][ha:t][l?k][∫?
t][n?:t][r?:t][huk][fut][t∫u:z][b?t∫][dзst][dзu:n]
[tri:][pei][mai][n?iz][h?um][faud][taun][b
ut][mei][nuz][maus][hud][lu][ti][pε?][eε?
][pu?][kju?][leit][laif][milk][wil][w?nt][jes]连
读辅⾳+元⾳comeoutlookattakeitoffbeatit dropinputonbendoverkeeponanorangeon
eofushalfanhourreaditstandupputiton
恒星英语学习网notatallfirstofallacupofteatakeitea
sybackinaminuteinanhourpickitupanhour andahalflethiminAgroupofpeopleputontheircoa
tsandwentout./r/+元⾳farawayafterallforeve
rapairofourownthereisforexampleAft
erall,thisisourownhome.元⾳+元⾳goonhowoldgo
awaytryagainIloveyouandall.Howareyou?
梦想dream
eittryiteoffanyotherweagree
MayI?twoo’clockintheafternoon连读Takealookati
t.I’llbebackinhalfanhour.Willittakealotoftimetogo
totownonfoot?Thereisapairofshoes.Shewasawayfromher柳林风声下载
owncountryforalongtime.Shallwemeetatteno’clocktomorr
owmorning?Eachofushadasandwichandacupoftea.Isitver
ycloudyoutside?Thowhoarequickcangoearly.DoIhaveto
doeveryexerci?Manyofuswillgoouttonight.Everybodycan ethatheisblueintheface.失去爆破英语中常常会把某些⾳省略。其中⼀个最重要的省略现象就是
失去爆破。失去爆破总结起来相当复杂，但在实际运⽤中要简单得多。简单说失去爆破就是当⼀个爆破辅⾳后⾯直接跟着另外⼀个辅⾳时，这个爆破
辅⾳就会失去爆破或不完全爆破，以节省⽓⼒。?也就是说，如果⼀个爆破辅⾳后⾯跟了⼀个元⾳，那么这个辅⾳就会跟这个元⾳拼读，但如果后⾯
跟了个辅⾳，则失去爆破。阅读下列单词，⽐较失去爆破和不失去爆破的区别：blackboard,post-card,Septem
ber,doctor,stoptalking,hardtimes,wastetime,thatpoliceman
,goodboy,goodjob失去爆破爆破⾳（/p/,/b/,/t/,/d/,/k/,/g/）后⾯直接
跟另外⼀个爆破⾳，破擦⾳/t∫/,/dз/??，或⿐辅⾳/m/,/n/时爆破⾳则会失去爆破，即做出要爆破的动作，形成闭塞但不
爆破出来。例如：acttwo,goodpicture,ashortnight。如果爆破⾳（/p/,/b/,/t
/,/d/,/k/,/g/）后⾯直接跟的是摩擦⾳/f/,/v/,/s/,/z/,/W/,/T/,/F/,/V
/时这个爆破⾳会有很轻微的爆破，即不完全爆破。例如：breakfast,advice,exciting,helpthis
man,lifttheveil。在⼀些常见单词中，在⾮重读章节上的⼀些⾳常常会被省略。例如：history,inter
esting,handkerchief,castle。在标准的美国英语中，/h/前如果有别的辅⾳，/h/也常常被省略。例如
：yoghurt,tellher,likehim。aAaIhopeso.Ofcournot.Exc
ume.Withpleasure.aAaaAfriendofmineIt’spossible.I
’mudtoit.Hethinkshedid.aAaaAIwantyoutoknow.S
he’sgonetothefilm.Imadeamistake.Hetoldmehewould.在实际
语⾔中，节奏的样式复杂的多，但⽆⾮是有些⾮重读⾳节多⼀些，有些则少⼀些，这就要求我们在说话时调整好。AaAaAAa
aASchoolbeginsatthistimeoftheyear.aAaaaaaAa aAaItemsthatnooneisagainstthesuggestion.aaaaA aaAaaAaHaveyoueverthoughtofbecomingateacher?aAa
AaAIcan’taffordacar.I’dlikeapieceofbread.It’sall
thesametome.Theyplayedthegameatnight.aAaaaAIwan
tedyoutoknow.Igotthereafterdark.Hedidn’ttellmethat!
Weallwishedhimsuccess.aAaaAaaIneverexpectedso.He
wantedtogowithyou.Theystartedtolaughathim.Thetheater
isfarfromhere.aAaaaAaaaWillJackgotheretogether
withhim?Forgetwhatyouhaveheardfromthatguy.Thisisn’tq
uitethemomentforit.HecalledwhenIwaswritingsomething. aAaaAaaAHewantedtogoforawalk.Itemsthatyoudon
’twanttogo.Heusuallygoestherebybus.Isthatwhatyouask
edhimtodo?AaaaaaAWhenwillyoucomehereagain?Tell
themwe’llhaveanexam.Wheredoyouwantthemtostart?Whomar
eyougoingtomeet?aAaaaAaaaAIthinkyouhavetodo
itbyyourlf.Hetoldmethathetookitbymistake.I’dlikea
lumpofsugarinmytea.Themanwhoisnowspeakingisourboss
.aAaaAaaAaaHisbrotheriswritingforHollywood.I’ve alwaysbeenthinkingofgoingthere.Theambulancetookhimtoh
ospital.Whateverthecaus,achangetookplace.aAaAaAa
AI’llleavenomatterwhatyousay.He’slearnedthetrickofm
akingbread.Helefttheroomwithoutaword.Thewoodsarelovel
y,dark,anddeep.aAaaAaaAaaAI’msurethattheboys
cancompleteitintime.Whereveryougoyoumustkeepitinmin
d.Theyquestionedhimiftherewasanythingwrong.Anappleada
ykeepsthedoctoraway.Thankyou!语⾳基本知识-⾳节、重⾳、节奏、语⾳⾳节
⾳节是说话时最⼩的语⾔⽚断，通常是⼀个元⾳加上⼀个或⼏个辅⾳字母构成，但是单独⼀个元⾳也能成为⼀个⾳节。有时较响亮的辅⾳，如[
m][l]，在后⾯没有元⾳的情况下也能和它前⾯的辅⾳构成⼀个⾳节。由元⾳因素单独构成original中的
o由元⾳因素加辅⾳
字母构成habit中的ha和bit辅⾳因素中的响⾳/m//n//?/[η]也能和它前⾯的辅⾳构成⼀个⾳节
able[''e
ibl]中的[bl]1.单词末尾不发⾳的e不构成⾳节，如bike,take；2.两个元⾳字母在⼀起，⼀般为字母组合，发⼀个
元⾳，构成⼀个⾳节。如book，rain；3.词尾的le可以和其前边的辅⾳组成⼀个⾳节，如people，double，litt
le，uncle，idol，single，chemical等。Note种类构成e.g.单⾳节词包含⼀个⾳节fame
/feim/make/meik/双⾳节词包含两个⾳节famous/`feim?s/forg
et/f?`get/多⾳节词包含多个⾳节famously/`feim?sli/Completely[k?
m`plitli]单⾳节、双⾳节及多⾳节词种类构成e.g.开⾳节辅⾳+元⾳+辅⾳+ename,bike,ho
me,due,plane,shine辅⾳+元⾳he,go,hi,do,be,tree,three,hell
o闭⾳节辅⾳+元⾳+辅⾳bad,bed,sit,hot,cup,let,mad,map元⾳+辅⾳it,i
s,of,in,on,up,out,ant开⾳节和闭⾳节单词中发⾳特别响亮的⾳节。单⾳节词单独念时⼀律要重读，但
在单独注⾳时不必加重⾳符号，例如：[k?p][waif]任何双⾳节或多⾳节单词的⾳标中，有重读⾳节和⾮重读⾳节，哪⼀个⾳节
重读，该⾳节的左上⽅标有重读符号“′”。如：hospital[′h?spitl]；多⾳节词中有时还可以有⼀个次重读⾳节，这种
状况通常出现在特别长的单词中，如：communication[k?,mju:ni''kei??n]重⾳和⾮重⾳⾳节之间有⼀个基本
的区别，前者在响度、长度和⾳⾼上是提升的，所以⽐后者更为突出显著。这说明重⾳是⼀个
相对的概念。在词⼀级，它只适⽤于⾄少有两个⾳节的
词，在句⼦⼀级，⼀个单⾳节的词也可以说相对于句⼦中的其他词是加重的。重⾳字母读⾳e.g.a[ei]face
savelatefatepalee[i:]shethei[ai]bike
ninebyo[?u]gonoagojokehomesmokeu[(j
)u:]musicduringtrue备注：在重读开⾳节中元⾳字母的读⾳为字母本⾝读⾳。元⾳字母在重读开⾳节的读⾳规则字母读⾳e.g.a[?]manfatsathande[e]tbedd
eskwhentelli[i]citydidpityo[?]ondogbosssto
pshopoftenu[Λ][u]huntsubjectbusfullbull备注：在重读闭⾳节中
元⾳字母的读⾳为字母短元⾳的读⾳。元⾳字母在重读闭⾳节的读⾳规则字母读⾳
t，silent，atom，supply，radar，supper，doctorar,er,or,urei/y[
i]acid，thirty，Sunday，valleyay/eya,e[i]comrade，beforeo
[?u]hero，Negroa[ei]operatei/y[ai]satisfy,organize元
⾳字母在⾮重读⾳节的读⾳规则1.两元⾳字母之间如有两个辅⾳字母，则中间分开，⼀边⼀个。如:mat－ter，mem－ber，
win-dow，doc－tor，sup-per，lit－tle等。这样⼀分，第⼀个⾳节是以辅⾳字母结尾的，它就是重读闭⾳节，元⾳
字母读短元⾳。Note2.两元⾳字母中间有⼀辅⾳字母，该辅⾳字母划归后⼀⾳节。如：basic，region，open，hu
man等。这样⼀分，头⼀个⾳节是以元⾳字母结尾的，它是重读开⾳节，元⾳字母读其字母⾳。Note3.重读开⾳节中的元⾳字母有
不少仍读短元⾳。如：cond，prent，ever，hover，modern，proper等。第⼆⾳节中有／i ／时，第
⼀⾳节中的a，e，i，o⼤多读短元⾳。如：spa-nish，ha-bit，mes-sage，ci-ty，pro-fit等。N ote单⾳节词重⾳单⾳节词单独念时⼀律要重读，但在单独注⾳时不必加重⾳符号。cup[kΛp]wif e[waif]a)⼀般在第⼀个⾳节重读;''letter''sorry''Eng
land''movement''exerci双⾳节词重⾳b)a-,be-,de-
,re-,res-,in-,im-,en-,em-,es-,ex-,con-,com-,dis-,mis-
,pre-,per-,pro-,trans-等前缀的词，第⼆个⾳节是重⾳;a''boutbe''lieve
ad''dressde''cidecon''demnres''pectcom''pare
in''formdis''cussim''pressmis''takeen''force
pre''pareem''ployper''mites''capepro''ducee
x''claimtrans''latere''port双⾳节词重⾳c)有de-,in-,im-,
re-,con-,pre-,pro-,o-等前缀的重⾳与词义和词类有关,⼀般名词的重⾳在第⼀个⾳节上，其它的词性在第⼆个
⾳节上:''record--re''cord''insult--in''sult
''conduct--con''duct''prent--pre''nt
''dert--de''rt''import--im''port''pr
oduce--pro''duce''object--ob''ject双⾳节词重⾳d)有些复合词和带有
强奸英文前缀re-,ex-,un-,pre-,post-,-teen等的词，有两个重⾳:''out''side
''re''tell''well-''known''un''real
''four''teen''Chi''ne''pre-''war''post
-''war''ex''change双⾳节词重⾳a)⼀般倒数第三个⾳节是重⾳:''difficult
''communist''familye''conomy''exerci
''interestingoppor''tunityde''mocracypossi''bility多⾳节词
重⾳b)有⼀些双⾳节词，加了前缀和后缀成了多⾳节，但这些词按原来词根的重⾳读
⾳:''carefully
in''definite''comfortablecon''ductorac''cor
dingdis''turbance''complicated
es''tablishment多⾳节词重⾳c)词尾有-eous,-grahpy,-ial,-ian
,-ic,-ics,-ience,ient,-ify,-ion,-ious,-ity,-iv
e后缀的词，重⾳在这些后缀的前⼀个⾳节上:''courteouscal''ligraphy
edi''torialhis''torianmathe''maticx''perie
ncesuf''ficienti''dentifytrans''latio
nre''ligiouscuri''ositypro''tective
mathema''tician多⾳节词重⾳d)词尾有-ain,-ee,-eer,-e,-ette后
缀的词，重⾳在该后缀上，⽽且有⼀个次重⾳:,enter''tain,employ''ee,moun
tai''neer,Japa''ne,ciga''rette多⾳节词重⾳复合词的重⾳a)复合名词
的重⾳⼀般在第⼀个⾳节上;''blackboard''anybody''handbag
''bookstore''hotdog''classroom
''pickpocket''lifestyle''website
''sleepingcarcom''putergames''middleschoosilas
l''sittingroomb)复合动词的重⾳⼀般在第⼆个⾳节;ill''treat
xcs
kk音标over''doc)有些复合词有双重⾳;''kind''hearted''three-''legged
soundtrack
''after''noond)少数qita复合词的重⾳在第⼆个⾳节上。what''everyour''lf
through''out复合词的重⾳5darkroom暗房
5dark5room⿊暗的房间5greenhou温室
5green5hou绿⾊的房屋5bluebottle⽮车菊
5blue5bottle兰⾊的瓶⼦
5blackboard⿊板5black5board⿊⾊的⽊
板5Englishbook英语教材5English5book英⽂书(printedinEnglish)有些复合词的重⾳位置对词义的变化有影响英语节奏是指重读⾳节和⾮重读⾳节交替出现的现象。英语的节奏规律是以重⾳定时的，即重读⾳节彼此距离相等。节奏英语的节奏主要是靠重⾳来控制的；长短分明；轻重分明；英语节奏的特征写：
Birdatworms.Birdshaveeatenworms.Birdsshouldhaveeatenworms.读：Birdatworms.Birdshavee
atenworms.Birdsshouldhaveeatenworms.1.句中重读⾳节出现频率⾼时，通常语速会慢⼀些，⾳节听起来⾃然也清楚些；2.重读⾳节之间拥挤着出现的⾮重读⾳节听起来轻快⽽含糊。Note3.在不受其他因素的影响下，话语中重⾳之间的间隔时间⼤致相等。也就是说，根据英语的节奏规律，话语说起来所需的时间不决定于它有多少个单词，多少个⾳节，⽽是取决于它有多少个重⾳。E.g.:breadandmilk(OoO)somebreadandsomemilk(oOooO)两者的重读⾳节数相同，故朗读两者的时间⼤致相等。Note节奏的类型及训练AANotme!Sowhat? Whynot?Goodluck!AaATryagain.Whatismore.Writeitdown.Putitthere.
