Unit 5 Translation Skill—Omission
(减词法)
减词法与增词法相对。原文中有些词语在译文中不必显示出来，因为译文中虽无此词，但已有其意。换言之，减词法是减去一些可有可无的，或者有了反而啰嗦，或违背译文语言习惯的词语。减词法一般用于以下两种情况：一是从语法角度进行减省；二是从修饰角度进行减省。
The time-keeping devices of electronic watches are much more accurate than tho of mechanical ones.
I. 从语法角度进行减省
✧ 由于英汉句法上的差异，英语句法上所必需的一些表达某种句法关系或语法功能的词语，其表意作用不大或无表意作用，译成汉语时往往省译。
1. 省略连词
1) 古埃及文字翻译If the ri of blood pressure occurs with some other dias, it is called condary hypertension.
2) The most valuable advice which can be given to a patient with a cold is thatlenticular he should keep warm and take much water and go to bed if the fever is high.
✧ 注意当and连接句子时，不仅可翻译成汉语的并列句：并且、而且、还可翻译成汉语的偏正复句：因而、所以、虽然……但（是）等
1) The pul is rapid, the temperature may be as high as 39℃, and there may be shortness of breath.
2) In the other two cas, operation was refud and it was impossible to decide whether cancer was the cau of death.
* They loved each other and there is no love lost between them.
* Anthrax was not known in the area at the time, or if it was, wasn’t thought to be of any conquence by the local tribes, and went unmentioned.
2. 省略代词husband什么意思
somnus什么意思
1) Dr. Stevenson resumed this experiment as soon as he came into the laboratory.
I washed my face.
2) He shrugged his shoulders, shook his head, cast up his eyes, but said nothing.
* 汉语物主代词的使用往往有特殊的含义，可以表示其他所属关系，强调或不耐烦、不满情绪等。
她开他的车去。（其他所属关系）
让他们散布他们的谣言去。（不满情绪）
✧ 当one、 we、 they、 you用作泛指代词时infinitive pronoun，通常可以省略。
3) To really appreciate Italian painting, one should e it in Italy.
4) It is dead quiet and pitch dark inmj的经典歌曲 the outer space.
5) It was Pasteur who discovered that dias are caud by living germs.
6) Most of the people who appear most often and most gloriously in the history books are great conquerors and generals and soldiers.
3. 省略介词
✧ 省略表示时间的介词
表示时间的英语介词译成汉语时，如果置于句首一般可以省略，若出现在句尾大多不省略。
1) The people’s Republic of China was founded in 1949.
2) Rumor had it that hostilities were to begin on April 23.
3) Newton, theoretical physicist and mathematician, was born in 1642.
✧ 英文网名女孩省略表示地点的介词
同表示时间的介词类似，表示地点（包括位置、场所等）的介词译成汉语时若置于句首，也经常可以省略，若出现在句尾大多不省略。
1) Smoking is not allowed in the store-hou.
2) She hid behind the door.
3) Mount the meter on that panel.
4. suspender省略同义词
有些同义词连用，表示强调，或对前词提供解释，可译出其中一个即可。
1) He is a man of culture and learning.
2) The liver, or hepar, is the largest of the glandular organ of the body.
II. 冗词赘语的省略
原文中有些词语是不言而喻的，如果将这些词语全盘照译往往会形成不必要的冗言赘语。
因此，根据汉语的修辞规范常常需要将这些词省略，以便使译文更加简洁洗练。
1) Stainless steels posss good hardness and high strength.
2) Job hunters who worked at a job will receive preference over tho who have not.
3) There was no snow. The leaves were gone from the trees. The grass was dead.
4) We take this opportunity to inform you that we are now in a position to make prompt shipment of the merchandi.
ASSIGNMENT 5
I. 翻译下列句子，注意运用减词法：
1) One afternoon I found Peter lying on his bed with an expression of such distress on his face that I immediately diagnod appendicitis.
torani2) In order to make the heart strong and healthy, one must exerci the heart muscles.
3) The majority of stockholders are in complete sympathy with the company’s goals and objectives in regard to the construction of a new plant.
4) Without adequate management, progress in fisheries technology will lead to a decline in the very industry it is designed to support.
5) In my heart there maybe doubt that I derve the Nobel award over other men of letters whom I hold in respect and reverence.
6) The fishermen managed to escape the storm and returned home safe and sound.
7) It is within a stone’s throw to the supermarket.
8) The space shuttle will return to earth on Friday as scheduled.
9) English education in its prent pha suffers from a lack of definite aim, and from an external machinery which kills its vitality.
10) On the other hand, the process obviously cannot prevent any external corrosion even
ts, which must be guarded against by conventional protection system.
11) It is usual for attacks to become less frequent and vere during middle and late adolescence, and they may disappear completely.
12) Their own blends and mixtures (tea) have become celebrated, and a “cuppa” with the customary English scones and jam for afternoon tea is virtually a “must-do” for visitors to London.
圣诞节习俗II. 短文翻译:
The Oxford English Dictionary is a monumental achievement, without parallel in the English language and in few others. Every dictionary thereafter is indebted to it. It as unthinkable that any contemporary lexicographer be without the OED as it is that a professional photographer fails to own a tripod to support his camera when needed. It provides the solid ba for all he does, and without it his work is apt to be as blurred and undefined as a picture taken in the twilight of underbrush, with a hand-held camera.
