必修3第4单元重点单词和短语讲解
1. solar adj.太阳passionate的，日光的solar system太阳系solar power 太阳能; 太阳能动力Some women now can u solarpower instead of gas stoves to boil water and cook food. 现在一些妇女使用太阳能代替煤气炉烧水做饭。
solar atmosphere and solar activities 太阳大气和太阳活动
lunar阴历的, 月的lunar calendar阴历
2. violent激烈的 ; 猛烈的; 强烈的；暴力的
A shark is a kind of violent fish鲨鱼是一种有攻击性的鱼类.
why do French has violent revolutions to bring about change？为什么法国靠暴力革命去寻求改变？
1.The boat which was full of petrol sank in a ___ storm at a.
A. violate B. violence C. violent D. violated
选C violent ：激烈的;猛烈的;强烈的意思
The boat which was full of petrol sank in a violent storm at a.
柴油充足的船在海上强烈的风暴中沉没了。
violate vt.
1. 违犯;违背 2. 侵犯;扰乱 3. 亵渎;污损
violence 是名词，暴力。violated 是violate 的过去时。
3. explode
explode: “迅速增长”艾薇儿有什么歌好听； “发怒” 爆发；爆炸。
The population of this city has exploded in the last / past few years. 在最近几年里这个城市的人口急剧增加(explode)
如果是“someone explodes”则是“发怒”的含义了。
The students were so angry that they exploded and ran into the police department.
学生很生气，他们发怒并冲进了警察局。
The bloom exploded into a fire ball. 气球爆炸成了一个火球。
Explode/ blow up/ burst /blast 都表示爆炸
burst
爆炸; 爆裂; 胀破; 冲破; 溃决
突然发生, 突然发作; 忽然出现
(芽、蕾等)绽开
(主要指爆发出)
e.g.
burst with anger 勃然大怒
burst into tears 放声大哭
burst into the room 闯入房间
blow up 使充气, 爆炸, 放大
【化】 爆发
使充气;扩张
使放大(照片图像或打印
使爆破
使发脾气
（指爆炸过hyg程和结果，另一个重要意思是充气、胀大）
e.g.
Blow the bridge up. 炸毁这座桥。
Blow up a tire. 给轮胎充气
Blow up the bridge. 炸毁这座桥。
Blow sb. up with flattery 对某人阿谀奉承
explode
爆炸, 爆发
激增, 激发, 迅速扩张, (感情等)猛烈地发作, 蓬勃发展
（强调爆炸这个动作）
e.g.
explode with anger 勃然大怒, 大发脾气
explode with laugher 哄堂大笑
The bomb exploded. 炸弹爆炸了。
blast指物的爆炸 也指冲击 the film was blasted by the critics.
4. in time
in time与on time的区别
in time有"及时;迟早"的意思,意指正赶上时候或恰在需要的时候圣诞节祝福语英语,或解释为"终有一天;最后";
on time是"准时;按时"之意。如:
We were just in time for(或to catch) the bus.(我们及时赶上了公共汽车)
The train pulled in on time.(火车准时到站了)
记忆方法：
in time 及时 in可以联想在什么什么里。及时
on time 按时 on的谐音有按时的音
5. dissolve
mix, melt, dissolve的区别
(1) mix 指“两种或两种以上东西混在一起成一混合物, 其中各成分混得很均匀, 很难分开, 但多少仍保持原来的性能等”, 如:
mix paints
把多种颜料混在一起。
(2) melt 指“通过加热把物质由固态变为液态”, 如:
Glass melts at high temperature.
玻璃在高温下熔化。 你是哪里人
(3) dissolve指“溶解”, 如:
dissolve sugar in water
把糖溶解在水中。
6. harmful
be harmful for+doing 或事物
be harmful to+sb/sth
在某些情况可以通用
piggybackThe majority of doctors believe smoking is harmful to / for health.
be good for “对……有好处” be bad for 对……不好
be harmful to “对……有害处”
对某人有好处：do good to sb/be good for sb
对某人有坏处：do harm to sb/be bad for sb
be harmful to相当于do/does harm to =do sb (great/much) harm=be bad for
7. spread v.
伸展, 铺开, 扩大[张], 展开,；传播
spread out a map 摊开地图
spread news 传播消息
The bird spread its wings. 鸟waybill伸展翅膀。
Flies spread dias. 苍蝇传染疾病。
8. prevent ……from…..阻止；制止
prevent··· from
=stop ···from
=keep···from (from为介词，后加ing)
阻止，预防某人干某事
比如:l prevent him from going out.我阻止他出去。
9. depend 依靠，依赖
depend on依靠，依赖；取决于
depend on 是依赖,依靠；取决于 可接名词或动名词。
according to是根据，按照 接名词或动名词
1. Children depend on their parents for food and clothing.
小孩依赖他们的父母供给衣食。
2. It all depend on whether she like the boss or not.
一切都取决于她喜欢还是不喜广州欢这个老板。
3. I've been old enough to shift for mylf I'll no longer depend on my father.
我已长大，可自己独立生活了，我将不再依靠我父亲了。
4. Depend on me.
相信我。
10. exist
exist: [ ig'zist ]
v. 存在
词形变化:
动词过去式:existed 过去分词:existed 现在分词:existing 第三人称单数:exists
例句与用法:
1. The Roman Empire existed for veral centuries. 罗马帝国存在了几百年。
2. Man cannot exist without air. 没有空气人就不能生存。
3. I can hardly exist on the wage I'm getting; there is no money for luxuries. 我靠我挣的工资简直难以 口，根本无钱享受。
4. That department has cead to exist. 那部门已不复存在.
11. force
force [简明英汉词典]
[fC:s]
n.力量, 武力, 精力, 魄力, 势力, 暴力, [复]军队, 影响力
vt.强制, 强加, (用武力)夺取, 促使, 推动, 施加压力
n.
1. 力,力量2012奥运会吉祥物;力气[U]
The moral force is on our side.
道义的力量在我们一边。
2. 武力,暴力[U]
The robber ud force to get into the hou.
强盗使用暴力强行进入住宅。
3. 【物】力;力的强度[C][U]
What is the force of gravity at a level? 海平面的地球引力为多大?
4. 势力;威力;有影响的人(或事物)[C]
He was a force behind the social changes. 领域英语他是促成这些社会变革的有影响的人物。
5. 影响;支配力;说服力[U]
There is force in what he said. 他的话有说服力。
He writes with force. 他的文章很有说服力。
6. 军事力量;军队[P1]
A U.N. peacekeeping force was nt to that country. 一支联合国维持和平部队被派往该国。
vt.
1. 强迫,迫使[O2]
The policemen forced the criminals to give up their arms. 警察迫使罪犯放下武器。
2. 用力推进;强行攻占;强行打开[O]
We forced our way in. 我们挤了进去。
3. 勉强作出(或发出)
She forced a smile. 她强作笑容。
4. (用热)加速植物生长
12. lesn
lesn和decrea， reduce的区别
lesn是减少减轻的意思,一般表示程度上或数量上的减少.
decrea通常用在数量上的减少和increa相对.
The workmen want to decrea the number of working hours and increa pay. 工人要求减少工作时间而增加工资
