儿童西方文化导读四

更新时间:2023-07-05 14:56:48 阅读: 评论:0

To My Daughter
By F. Scott Fitzgerald
Things to worry about :
Worry about courage
Worry about cleanliness
Worry about efficiency
Worry about hormanship ……
Things not to worry about :
Don’t worry about popular opinion
Don’t worry about dolls
Don’t worry about the past
infuture
Don’t worry about the future
Don’t worry about growing up
incure
Don’t worry about anybody getting ahead of you
Don’t worry about triumph
Don’t worry about failure
unless it comes through your own fault
仍想结婚的女人国语电视剧Don’t worry about mosquitoes
Don’t worry a bout flies什么意思英语
Don’t worry about incts in general
maincourDon’t worry about parents
Don’t worry about disappointments
Don’t worry about pleasures上海英语培训班哪家好
Don’t worry about satisfactions
Things to think about :
What am I really aiming at ?
How good am I in comparison to my contemporaries in regard to : (a)  Scholarship
(b)  Do I really understand about people
and am I able to get along with them ?
(c)  Am I trying to make my body a uful
instrument or am I neglecting it ?
四级评分细则
作者简介
F . Scott Fitzgerald斯科特·菲茨杰拉德(1896-1940),美国小说家。因对爵士乐时代(20世纪20年代)的描写而闻名,最优秀的小说是《了不起的盖茨比》。
其文学才能在普林斯顿大学学习期间即崭露头角。1920年出版了描写20年代青年道德风尚的《人间天堂》,一举成名。1925年在法国发表《了不起的盖茨比》,小说以美国理想为主题,充分提示他的双重性格和矛盾心理,是他杰出的作品,也是当代最深刻的一部美国小说。晚年在好莱坞从事电影剧本写作。
本篇是作者写给女儿的一封信。信中写道:生活会回报品德高贵的人,而不负责任的行为终将受到惩罚。从而告戒女儿应努力培养自己优美的性格、高雅的气质和高尚的德行,而不要过分流连于喜怒哀乐、成败荣辱等虚妄不实、稍纵即逝的东西。
The Declaration of Independence
By Thomas Jefferson
When in the cour of human events ,
签字英文it becomes necessary for one people
to dissolve the political bands
which have connected them with another ,
and to assume among the Powers of the earth ,
the parate and equal station
to which the Laws of Nature
and of Nature’s God entitle them ,
我无能为力
a decent respect to the opinions of mankind requires
that they should declare the caus
which impel them to the paration .
— We hold the truths to be lf-evident ,
that all men are created equal ,
that they are endowed by their Creator
with certain unalienable Rights ,
that among the are Life , Liberty
and the pursuit of Happiness .
— That to cure the rights ,
Governments are instituted among Men ,
deriving their just powers
from the connt of the governed ,
— That whenever any Form of Government
becomes destructive of the ends ,
tmfs
it is the Right of the People to alter or to abolish it ,
and to institute new Government ,
laying its foundation on such principles
and organizing its powers in such form ,
as to them shall em most likely
to effect  their Safety and Happiness .
作者简介
Thomas Jefferson  托马斯·杰斐逊。美国第三任总统,《独立宣言》的主要起草人,是具有影响力的政治家和哲学家。
《独立宣言》是一项正式的国家文件。杰斐逊在晚年写到,他的想法是把它写成为美洲意志的自白。毫无疑问,这是正确的,而同样正确的是,他对其原则的个人承若是极其深刻和认真的。正是这一承诺,而不仅仅是在文字上起草,使杰斐逊成为《独立宣言》中所表达的思想的独特象征。
对于年轻的美国以及现代的西方,天赋人权的观念已成为道德伦理最重要的柱石之一。
On Self —Discipline
By Aristotle
Moral virtues come from habit …
They are in us neither by nature , nor in spite of nature ,
but we are furnished by naturewith a capacity for receiving them ,
and we develop them through habit …
The virtues we acquire by first exercising them ,
as in the ca of other arts .
Whatever we learn to do ,we learn by  actually doing it :
men come to be builders , for instance , by building ,
and harp players , by playing the harp .
In the same way , by doing just acts we come to be just ;
by doing lf-controlled acts , we come to be lf-controlled ;
and by doing brave acts , we become brave ……
作者简介
Aristotle 亚里士多德(公元前384—322年)希腊哲学家、科学家和物理学家,西方思想史上最有代表性的学者之一。他是柏拉图的学生,亚里山大大帝的老师。他在公元前335年创立了雅典以外的书院。亚里士多得的作品如百科全书一般几乎涉及了人类知识的每一领域:哲学、逻辑学、历史、政治学、诗歌、数学、天文、生物学、医学、心理学、伦理学。他绝大多数被保存下来的作品都是未曾发表的讲稿或为学生编写的教科书。即便是这些不完整的文集,无论从创造性、系统性,还是哲理性来说,都是非凡的。其著作有《工具论》、《物理学》、《形而上学》、《伦理学》、《政治学》、《诗学》等。他的作品不仅深深地影响了中世纪的哲学和伊斯兰教的哲学,而且也是西方科学文明的奠基石。这篇文章摘自《伦理学》。亚里士多德认为一个人的优良品德并非天生,而是必须有意识地在日常的行为实践中不断学习、巩固、提高,渐渐地习惯成自然,最终达到随心所欲不逾矩的境界。

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