第四章：翻译技巧（上）
一、增译法
（一）英译汉常用的增益法
I．增加原文中省略的部分
1.Since the first test of the atomic bomb the world has learnt that the atom can be split and its power ud. （power后省略了can be）
自从第一颗原子弹试验以来，全世界都已知道，原子可以分裂，原子能可以利用。
2.A fool and his words are soon parted; a man of genius and his money.（money后省略了are soon parted）
愚人会很快忘记说过的话，智者会很快放弃手里的钱。
3.Both human and cow milk are naturally spiced with a small amount of morphine.（human后省略了milk）
人乳与牛乳均含有少量吗啡。
4.So-called convenience and frozen foods are now as popular in Europe as they are in America.
如今，所谓的方便食品和速冻食品风靡欧洲，就像在美国一样大众化。第56届格莱美颁奖典礼
5.The heart is slightly bigger than a fist, and lies between the lungs.
心脏略大于一个拳头，位于两肺之间。
6.Women have outgrown the jumping-on-chair-at –the-sight-of-a-mou era, but he says that they have not.
女性已经不再像从前那样一见到老鼠就吓得跳到椅子上；而他则认为，今天的女性还没有取得这样的进步。
7.Population increa and decrea relatively not only to one another, but also to natural resources.
人口的增减不仅彼此有相对关系，而且也和自然资源有相对关系。
8.Without a n of your fault, how can repentance and amendment be expected?
如果对自己的错误都不能认识到，怎么能指望你会悔改呢？
9.新东方唐静Since air has weight, it exerts force on any object immerd in it.
因为空气具有重量，所以处在空气中的任一物体都会受到空气的作用力。
II．增加意义上或修辞上的需要的部分
1.He left without a word.
他一句话也不说就走了。
2.What a leader he was!
他真是一个出类拔萃的领袖啊。
3.Personal tragedy haunted his entire life, in the deaths of loved ones.
亲人的相继离世是他的一生充满了个人悲剧。
4.Disappearances occurred with apparently increasing frequency.
失踪事件接二连三地发生，显然越来越频繁。
5.She warmly welcomed her guests in and brought them a cup of tea.
她热情地将客人们迎进来，然后给他们各端了一杯茶。
6.四级英语分值分配细则Aunt Harriet ud to entertain lavishly.
哈丽特阿姨时常慷慨地款待客人。
7.They wanted to ea the tension in the Middle East.
他们试图缓解中东的紧张局势。
8.chestsThere were rows of hous which he had never en before.
一排排的房子，都是他从来没有见过的。
9.Day after day he came to his work --- sweeping, scrubbing, cleaning.
他每天来干活------扫地，擦地板，收拾房间。
10.The thesis summed up the new achievements made in computers, artificial satellites and rockets.
grants该论文总结了计算机、人造卫星和火箭三方面的最新成就。
（二）汉译英常用的增益法
A．增词明确原意
1.我早晨起床后的第一件事是收拾房间。
The first thing I do when I get up in the morning is to tidy up the room.
2.意大利著名旅行家马可·波罗曾这样叙述他印象中的杭州：……
A famous ancient Italian traveler, Marco Polo, once described his impressions of Hangzhou like this: ……
3.台湾是中国的领土。
Taiwan is part of Chine territory.
4.饭店现有三个餐厅和一个贵宾间、240个座位。
The restaurant now has three dining rooms and a VIP room with a total of 240 ats.
5.狠抓管理，安全生产。
We should improve management and ensure safe production.
6.月亮升得高高的，明亮犹如银盘。
The moon ro high, shining as brightly as a silver plate. 韦博英语课程
7.突然电话铃响了。母亲让我回去送弟弟去医院看病。
Suddenly the telephone rang. It was my mother calling me. She wanted me to go home and take my brother to hospital.
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8.对确有困难的中西部地区和老工业基地，中央财政将继续给予支持。
In the ca of the enterpris of western and central China and old industrial bas that are in real financial difficulties, the central government will continue to offer financial help.
9.有条件的地方要率先实现现代化。
The areas with suitable conditions must take the lead in achieving modernization.
10.该公司的主要经营范围包括：… …
The business scope of the company covers the following areas: … …
B．增词使结构完整
1）收效可能来得慢，但是有把握，而且是巨大的。
The rewards may come slowly, but they are sure and tremendous.
2）我们应当逐步消灭城乡差别。
We should gradually eliminate the difference between city and country.
如何提升记忆力3）我吃得不多，睡得不好。
I雪绒花 英文版 am unable to eat much or sleep soundly.
4）他生来富于同情心，总是乐于帮助别人。
She is sympathetic by nature and is always ready to help others.
5）新婚夫妇有数十位宾客陪同，坐着汽车到新房去了。
The newly wedded couple, accompanied by dozens of guests, went to their chamber by car.
6）全国人民总体上实现了由温饱向小康的跨越。
The Chine people nationwide have developed from the stage of having enough to eat and wear to that of living a better-off life.
7）明朝的时候，这座城市成了一个繁荣的港口。
推荐几个成人网站In the Ming Dynasty the city became a flourishing port.
8）沿着南京路向东走，走到尽头，是靠黄浦江江岸的一个很美的地区。
Walking eastward along Nanjing Road, one finally comes to a very beautiful area bordering the bank of the Huangpu River.
二、Omission (省译法)
（一）英译汉时常用的省略
II、从修辞角度看
1）University applicants who had worked at a job would receive preference over tho who had not.
报考大学的人，有工作经验的优先录取。
2）Neither party shall cancel the contract without sufficient cau or reason.
双方均不得无故解除合同。
1) There was no snow, the leaves were gone from the trees, the grass was dead.
没有下雪，但叶落草枯。
2) Voting ballots are unsigned and marked by the voters in private booths so that no one el can find out for whom a citizen is voting.
