Word Story
英语话廊efficiently
14 << CRAZY ENGLISH YOUTH 2017.07
quite stubby [短而粗的] to me—they’re positively crying out to be adorned [被装饰] with a few extra “u”s.
But it turns out that the “o(u)r” suffix [后缀
] has quite a confud history. The Online
Etymology [词源
it培训培训机构
] Dictionary reports that -our
comes from old French while -or is Latin. English has ud both endings for veral
centuries. Indeed, the first three folios [
loom对开本]
email的格式
of Shakespeare’s plays reportedly ud both spellings equally.
B u t b y t h e l a t e 18t h a n d e a r l y 19th centuries, both the US and the UK
started to solidify [巩固
] their preferences, and did so differently.
The US took a particularly strong stand [立场numbers
] thanks to Noah Webster, American lexicographer [词典编纂者] and co-namesake [同名物]
When my American editor asked me to rearch why Brits spell their words with so
abit英语教师节祝福语
many extra “u”s, I immediately [马上
] knew he had it all wrong. As a British journalist, it’s perfectly obvious to me that we have the correct number of “u”s, and that American spelling has lost its vowels along the way.
“Color,” “honor,” and “favor” all look
杭州日语学校你学英语也有些年头了，有没有想过为什么英国人用labour 而美国人用labor ？还有honour 与honor 、colour 与color ，
等等？过去人们都说这是因为美国人太“懒”，其实是另有原因。一起来探个究竟吧！
The Ca of the Missing “U”s in American English
美式英语：为什么单词总缺U？
⊙ By Olivia Goldhill 翻译：Portia
constants
of the Merriam-Webster dictionaries. Webster
was a language reformer and the creator of a dictionary in 1806 that attempted to rectify[纠正] some
of the inconsistencies[矛盾之处] he obrved in English spelling. He preferred to u the –or suffix and also suggested many other successful changes, such as reversing[倒转] “re” to create “theater” and “center,” rather than “theatre” and “centre.”
However, other Webster proposals[建议], such as changing “tongue” to “tung,” “women” to “wimmen,” “island” to “iland,” and “thumb” to “thum” were finally rejected.
Meanwhile in the UK, Samuel Johnson wrote A Dictionary of the English Language in 1755. Johnson was far more of a spelling purist than Webster, and decided that in cas where the origin of the word was unclear, it was more likely to have a French than Latin root. “We have few Latin words, among the terms of domestic[本国的] u, which are not French,” wrote Johnson. And so he preferred –our to –or.
“I have endeavoured[尽力] to proceed[继续] w i t h a s c h o l a r’s r e v e r e n c e[敬重]f o r antiquity[古老的遗物], and a grammarian[文法家]’s regard to the genius[语言特征] of our tongue,” he wrote. As such, he “attempted few alterations[改变].”
So while the UK cho to prerve linguistic[语言学的] roots, the US opted[选择] to modernize spelling. And if you’re wondering which country got it right, the answer is, well, neither. Language is c
onstantly evolving, and the US and UK simply went their different linguistic ways.
当美国编辑让我研究一下为什么英国人拼写的单词有那么多额外的“u”时，我立刻意识到，他完全搞错了。身为一名英国记者，我觉得事情再明显不过了，那就是我们对u这个字母的使用恰如其分，而美国人的拼写在演化过程中渐渐把这个元音字母给弄丢了。
在我看来，“color”“honor”和“favor”这些单词的形态都十分短粗，它们迫切需要添几个“u”进行修饰。
但事实上，“o(u)r”这个后缀的发展脉络并不清晰。据“在线词源词典”称，“-our”源自古法语，而“-or”源自拉丁语。英语使用这两个后缀都已有几百年历史。实际上，据说在莎士比亚戏剧集的前三个对开版本中，这两种拼写出现的频率是一样的。
但在18世纪末至19世纪初期间，美国和英国都开始强化其语言偏好，并且努力方向并不相同。
因为美国词典编纂者诺厄・韦伯斯特（《梅里厄姆-韦伯斯特》词典就部分得名于他）的缘故，美国的立场尤其鲜明。韦伯斯特是一位语言改革家，他注意到英语中有拼写不一致的情况，便尝试在其编纂并于1806年出版的一本词典中进行修正。韦伯斯特更喜欢
2017.07 CRAZY ENGLISH YOUTH >>15参考译文
Word Story 英语话廊
使用“-or”这个后缀，还提出了许多其他被广泛采纳的建议，例如将“
“centre”分别变为“theater”和“center
Why couldn’t Cinderella[灰姑娘] be a good soccer player?
英语之声
She lost her shoe, she ran away from the ball, and her coach was a pumpkin.
