新高考英语作文新题型summarywriting

更新时间:2023-07-01 21:28:14 阅读: 评论:0

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2019级高一英语教案
新高考英语作文新题型——纲要写作
一.纲要写作题型特色
纲要写作(summary),《牛津高阶英语字典》(第8版)对它的定义以下
:“Asummaryisabriefstatement
thatgivesonlythemainpointsofsomethingnotthedetails。也就是要求考生”在整体掌握原文的前提下,用自己简短、精练的语言,对原文的要旨粗心进行高度的浓缩,写出一篇语义连结的短文,也可称之为纲要。这一题型
一方面考察学生经过阅读获得文章要旨粗心和重点词的能力,另一方面也考察学生的写作能力即用简短的语言
归纳文章重要信息的能力以及对文章整体构造的掌握能力。所以,纲要写作是鉴于阅读理解和书面表达的,是两者的有机联合体,是阅读理解和书面表达的交流桥梁。
从《考试说明》上对纲要写作的评分原则以及各品位的给分范围和要求的规定中,我们能够发现纲要写作有以下特色:
客观性:纲要写作实际上是一种客观的复述,在正确理解原文的基础上,用自己的语言忠实地再现作者的
思想,写作内容要全面,既不可以遗漏任何重点,也不可以任意增添内容;写作时要尽可能防止使用原文中的字句。考生应经过释义的方式,用自己的语言表现原文主要内容。需要注意的是,考生不可以对原文进行解说和谈论,
也不可以混杂任何个人想法,或做出任何评判,所以不可以出现“Ibelieve”,“I等think 字句。”
简短性:简短是纲要写作的一个明显特色。纲要写作是一种对原文“浓缩”后产生的新语篇,经过删除原
文中的细节省少例证,简化描绘内容以及去除重复来实现语言的简短性,可是简短的同时还要做到意义的完好。
连结性:纲要写作其实不是写纲要那样不过重点的排列。写纲要时,一定在各重点之间增添一些表现逻辑
的关系词,使纲要连接密切、脉络清楚。写出的纲要读起来要完好连结、独立成篇。
二.评分原则
《考试说明》中对于纲要的评分原则中第一条:此题总分为25分,按5个品位给分;评分时,先依据所
写纲要的内容和语言初步确立其所属品位,而后以该品位的要求权衡、确立或调整品位,最后给分。此中最高品位序五档(21-25分)的给分描绘以下:理解正确,涵盖所有重点;能正确使用相应的语法构造和词汇;有效地使用了语句间的连结成分,使所达成的纲要构造紧凑;完好使用自己的语言。
.解题思路
通读全文,确立文体,明确文章构造,标出重点信息。(注意划分事实和看法,重要和次要,广泛与特别,有关和不有关信息,原由和结果等逻辑关系)
改写,重组重点词。用同义表达代替;分词短语,从句,语态变换整合信息;重点词能够不变。(注意语言精练,客观)
润饰全文,连句成篇。(尽可能适合使用功能连结词)
面试中优缺点
从不一样文体下手,解题思路以下:
餐厅周记述文:
通读全文,寻词,摘句,定因素。
掌握六因素who,when,where,what,how,why(5w1h)和故事情节plot(引入---发展---热潮--
-结局---结尾)引入(Exposition):作为故事的初步,主要交代故事的背景(时间,地址,人物,矛盾矛盾);
发展(Risingaction):故事矛盾不停变化发展的过程;
热潮(Climax):故事矛盾矛盾的转折点,故事最紧张的部分;结局(Fallingaction):故事发展的结局,矛盾最后的解决;
结尾(Resolution):故事结局的影响以及作者的总结思虑。结尾不是情节发展的必需部分,并不是所有文章都必备。
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明确文章构,整合信息。保存改写重要信息,减次要信息。注意人称的述,一般会把第一人称述
2013年六级成绩查询
第三人称。叙文一般是去式。但如如有体悟到的“启迪,意”,一般用一般在。句的性要,假如事件按次展,注意点的改写,如twoyearslater,aftertwoweeks⋯
色全文,句成篇。注意句关系,功能接的适合使用。一般3,4个句子即可。
教育部托福考试中心
MeetTheMemberWhoQuitSugarWhenIwas15,Iweighed100kg.
Iwasasize20+andhatedthewayIlooked.Iwasarialbigeaterandquitedepresd.Iwouldsitinfrontofthefridge,eatsometh ing,movetothecupboard,eatapacketofchips,andmovebacktothefridge. Itwasaheartbreakingcycleofhateandfood.Ididn’tfeelconfident,pretty,orworthwhile.Shoppingmademecry,Iavoidedmirror s,andmysociallifecametoanend.Iactuallylostfriends
becautheytoldmeIwasantisocial.ItbecamesobadthatIwantedtoabumylf;myskinandmymindbecamemyenemy.
①引入部分
Butthen,Iturnedmylifearound.Iquitsugar.
Itstartedwithmymum.Shestagedanintervention(干涉)thatmademecry.Iwantedtochange-Ineededtochange-andshecouldehowunhappyIwas.
’clockhunger②hits发展.部分
Buttheweekskeptcominganditjustgoteasier.Istoppedeatingsugar,andIstoppedlovingit;simpleasthat. Isubstitutedchipsandbiscuitsforfruitandnuts,andhadcup-of-
soupsafterschoolwhenIwashitbythedesire.Ialsohadmoreenergy,havinga20-minutewalkwithmydogintomyeverydayroutine;Ibegantolovethatpersonaltime. Cuttingoutsugargavemesomuchmorecontrolovermybody,andmyoutlookonlifeimproved. Somanypeopleareintimidatedbythewords“quitsugar”.It’snottrue.Fruit,honey,etcnaturalsugars,andbelieveme,the yfuelyoubetterthanchocolatebarvercould.③热潮部分
NowI’m17,turning18,andIweigh70kg.Istillstrugglewithmyweight,butthisiswhereIsitnaturally,andIamveryproudofmys elf.IneverthoughtIwouldbeconfidentenoughtoweardressorskirts,andtakeleadershiprolestoputmylfoutthereandde velopmysocialskills.④结尾部分
Icouldneverhavedoneitwithoutthesupportofmyfriendsandfamily,andIurgeeveryonewho wantstodorightbythemlvesandchangetheirdiet-quittingsugarorotherwi-
tosharetheirdecisionwithpeople.Developasupportnetwork,onlineoroffline,whichcanofferyouadviceor pickyouupwhenyou’redown.AndIcanassureyou,frommyownpersonalexperience,yourbodywillthankyou,andyouwillt hankyourlftoo.(446words)⑤结尾部分
第一步:通,划关
第二步:明确构改写
①引入部分用dueto或becauof改写
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②展部分用withthehelpofhermom 改写
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③热潮部分用despite和getudto改写为
pace
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④结尾部分用比较级改写为
addressing____________________________________________________________________________
⑤结尾部分改写为
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第三步润饰全文,连句成篇(Summary)treat or trick
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课外辅导机构英语_______________________________________________________________________________________________
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实战操练:
Ashopownerplacedasignabovehisdoorthatsaid: “PuppiesForSale. ”Signslikethisalwayshaveawayofatt
ractingyoungchildren,andtonosurpri,aboysawthesign andapproachedtheowner; “Howmuchareyougoingtollthepuppiesfor? ”heasked Thestoreownerreplied, “Anywherefrom$30to$50. ”Thelittleboypulledoutsomechangefromhispocket. “Ihave$2.37, ”hesaid. “CanIpleas them?”
Theshopownersmiledandwhistled.OutofthekennelcameLady,whorandowntheaisleofhis shopfollowedbyfiveteeny,tinyballsoffur.Onepuppywaslaggingconsiderablybehind. Immediatelythelittleboysingledoutthelagging,limpingpuppyandsaid, “What’littledog? ”Theshopownerexplainedthattheveterinarianhadexaminedthelittlepuppyandhaddiscoveredit
didn’thaveahipsocket(膝盖骨)
becameexcited. “ThatisthepuppythatIwanttobuy. ”
Theshopownersaid, “No,youdon’twanttobuythatlittledog.Ifyoureallywanthim,I himtoyou. ”
Thelittleboygotquiteupt.Helookedstraightintothestoreowner ’yes,pointinghisfinger said;“IDON’TWANTYOUTOGIVEHIMTOME.THATLITTLEDOGISWORTHEVERY BITASMUCHASALLTHEOTHERDOGSANDI ’LLPAYFULLPRICE.INFACT,I ’LLGIVE YOU$2.37NOW,
AND50CENTSAMONTHUNTILIHAVEHIMPAIDFOR. ”Theshopownercountered, “Youreallydon ’twanttobuythislittledog.Heisnevergoingtobeabl torunandjumpandplaywithyouliketheotherpuppies. ”Tohissurpri,thelittleboyreac androlleduphispantlegtorevealabadlytwisted,crippledleftlegsupportedbyabigmetalbrace. Helookedupattheshopownerandsoftlyreplied, “Well,Idon ’trunsowellmylf,and puppywillneedsomeonewhounderstands! ”
summary:
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论说类文章:
通读全文,明话题,划重点词,要旨句。要旨句或句首,或句末,特别注意转折连词后。
becomingmorewidespread,ithasn’tsloweddowntheincreasingnumbersofonlineshoppers.AstheBBCr eports,averagespendingonlinethisChristmasinAmericawillrito$240orso.
Topicntence:_________________________________________________________ Weshouldn’tjudgeapersonbytheirappearancebutwedo.Infact,theexpertssaythatwhenwemeetsomeo neforthefirsttimewemakeadecisionaboutwhatthatpersonislikeinthreeconds. Butwhatdowelookat?Oneofthemostimportantthingsisclothes,butitisn'tthebrandofclothesthatpeoplewea rthatisimportant.Theimportantthingistoweartherightclothesfortheoccasion.
Topicntence:_________________________________________________________
k歌情人插曲
2.明确文章构造,整合信息。论说类文章一般以自然段为基础,构造一般为:
topic(论点)---supportingntences(论据)---结论(conclusion)
phenomenon(现象)—reasons(原由)responsible的用法
phenomenon(现象)—effects(影响)
phenomenon(现象)—solutions(解决方法)
润饰全文,连句成篇
Weshouldn’tjudgeapersonbytheirappearancebutwedo.Infact,theexpertssaythatwhenwemeetsomeo neforthefirsttimewemakeadecisionaboutwhatthatpersonislikeinthreeconds. Butwhatdowelookat?Oneofthemostimportantthingsisclothes,butitisn'tthebrandofclothesthatpeoplewea rthatisimportant.Theimportantthingistoweartherightclothesfortheoccasion. Schoolshavealwaysunderstoodthisandalotofthemasktheirstudentstowearauniform.Why?Alotofteacher sthinkauniformmakesstudentsfeelthattheyarepartoftheirschoolandthattheiruniformhelpsthemtoberio usabouttheirstudies.Teacherssaythatuniformscanhelpinotherwaystoo.Ifallthestudentswearuniforms,th eycan'tjudgeeachotherbecauoftheirclothes.Italsoavoidsargumentsaboutwhoorwhatisfashionable. H
owever,itisnotonlyschoolsthatwantpeopletodressinacertainway.Weallhavefixedideasaboutwhatthepeopl einacertainprofessionshouldwear.Ifwevisitadoctor,weexpecttoe

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