上海⽜津新世纪⼋年级上英语知识点汇总复习（U3）Notes & Grammar of 8A
Notes for Reading of Unit 3
1. deal with trouble
1) deal with … : handle (处理，应付，对待) a problem or person;
look after something and do what is necessary; deal – dealt – dealt
(1) deal with sb. 对待/对付某⼈ e.g. He is naughty. Nobody knows how to deal with him.
(2) deal with sth. 处理/应付问题
< Do you know how to deal with the trouble / the ca?
deal (n.) a great deal of +不可数名词⼤量的 e.g. a great deal of time ⼤量的时间
(v.&n.) 交易，协议 e.g. We have done a deal with him. 我们已经和他做了⼀个协议/做⼀笔⽣意。
dealer n. 商⼈ a drug dealer 毒品贩⼦
2) trouble : problem, difficulty or worry 问题；困难What’s the trouble / the matter / wrong with you?
(be) in trouble 处于困难中
have trouble (in) doing sth. 做某事有困难
troublesome (adj.) ⿇烦的；困难的；讨厌的
2. Paul is writing about an unusual thing which happened to him one day.
保罗正在写(关于)某天发⽣在他⾝上的⼀件不同寻常的事情。
1) write about … 写有关于……
2) happen (不及物动词)
(1) (sb.) happen to do sth. (某⼈)碰巧去做某事（否定：happen not to do sth. 或do not happen to do sth.)
< ①Paul happened to meet an old friend in the bookstore yesterday.
②I didn’t happen to have any time then. (那时我碰巧没有时间。)
= I happened not to have any time then.
= I happened to have no time then.
focusonglobalwarming
(2) (sth.) happen to sb. (某事)碰巧发⽣在某⼈⾝上
< ①You look very sad. What has happened to you? 你看上去很难过。发⽣了什么事？
②I hope nothing has happened to my friend. 我希望我的朋友不会遇到什么不测。
⽐较―happen‖和―take place‖:
(1) 发⽣take place （事先计划/安排好的）= happen （偶然遇到/遭到）
(2) 举⾏take place = be The concert will take place next Sunday. =will be held
3) unusual (元⾳开头adj.): strange or uncommon 特别的；不寻常的
→usual (辅⾳开头adj.) 通常的
→(un)usually (adv.)(不)寻常的；(不)通常的
4) one day (将来/过去)某⼀天some day (将来)某⼀天
3. Today my dad and I were waiting for the ferry when suddenly we heard a big argument.
1) wait – waited – waited – waiting
waiter / waitress
wait for … 等待/等候……wait to do … 等待/等候去做……
2) suddenly (adv.): all at once 突然间；突然地? sudden (adj.) 突然的
3) hear – heard – heard (感官动词)听见，听到
表⽰动作过程的词语: listen to 听…… look for 寻找…… look at 看……
表⽰动作结果的词语: hear 听到/见…… find 找到…… e 看到/见……
hear sb. doing sth. 听见某⼈正在做某事
hear sb. do sth. 听见某⼈做某事(全过程)/经常做某事
hear from sb. = receive / get a letter from sb. 收到某⼈的来信
4) argument (可数n.) angry talk between people with different ideas 争吵；争论；争辩
have an argument about sth. with sb. 和某⼈争吵有关于……
argue (v.) : talk angrily; quarrel 争论；争吵；争辩
argued – argued – arguing argue about sth. with sb.（提⽰：―—ue‖结尾变形时要去―e‖，你还记得吗？）5) when
(1) 作特殊疑问词：何时；什么时候
(2) 作conj.连词：
headlock①在那时候（本句中⽤法）= and at that time ②当……时候（可能会⽤―主⼀将，从⼀现‖）
4. Two women tourists and a young man were shouting at each other.
1) women tourists ? (单数) a woman tourist
man和woman修饰其它名词时变复数时，需要同时变复数。e.g. a man driver ? (pl.复数) men drivers
2) shout at … 冲……叫喊；冲……嚷嚷shout back at … 冲……回嚷
3) each other 互相；彼此（两者之间）随时随地英语
one another 互相；彼此（≥3 之间）两个短语的所有格都在短语后加―’S‖，互相的，彼此的。
5. The man held out a bag, and showed everyone that it was empty.
1) hold – held – held 握；持有；容纳；举⾏(= have)
catch / take hold of 抓住
hold out （动副结构）递出东西；伸出⼿（或胳膊）hold up （动副结构）举起
hold on 请稍等（可⽤于打电话中）
2) show – showed – shown show sb. sth. ? show sth. to sb. 将……给某⼈看
句中―… that it was empty‖是that引导陈述句作―宾语从句‖，引导词―that‖可以省去。
英汉词典免费下载3) empty (v. & adj.) 将……倒空；空的? adj.反义词full
mug
6. The crowd stared at the three people. No one knew what was happening.
1) crowd : (n.) lots of people together ⼈群；观众(v.) 拥挤；群集
the crowd ⼈群（复数含义） a crowd of + 可复
……
crowded (adj.) 拥挤的be crowded with … 挤满……be filled with … 装满/充满…be full of …mistaken
2) stare at … 盯着…….看；凝视……
protests
glare at … 怒视……stare out of window 凝视着窗外
look at … 看……look out of window 朝窗外看
3) no one (不定代词) = nobody
4) know – knew – known 知道……；认识……know about … 了解……
句中―what was happening‖作knew的―宾语从句‖。
7. My dad moved throu gh the crowd and said quietly to one of the women, ―What’s going on?‖
1) quietly (adv.) ⼩声地；安静地；悄悄地? (反义) loudly ⼤声地? quiet (adj.) 安静的
2) go on ①= happen 发⽣(本句中意思)
②继续go on doing sth. (不间断地)继续做某事= continue doing sth.
go on to do sth. (有间断地)继续做某事= continue to do sth.
go on with sth. 继续(做)某事
3) say – said – said say sth. to sb. 对某⼈说……
4) move through … 在……中穿梭
< Cars move slowly through the traffic jams. 车辆缓慢穿梭在交通堵塞中。
through (prep.) (从……⾥)穿过……across (prep. & adv.) (从……上)穿过……
< through the gate / the tunnel / the forest / the window / the peephole across the square / the river / the streetzookeeper
另外，through the night 彻夜through his father 通过他的⽗亲(帮助)
区别：throughout …
= all over … 遍及/遍布……
8. steal – stole – stolen (v.) 偷steal sth. from sb. / sp. 从某⼈/某地偷……
across
stealing (n.) 偷窃（⾏为）(adj.) 有偷窃⾏为的(近义) theft (n.) 偷窃/盗窃(案件/事件) stolen (adj.) 被偷窃的；偷⾛的stealer (n.)偷窃者（近义）thief
⽐较：rob – robbed – robbed – robbing rob sb. / sp. of sth. 抢某⼈/某地……
robber (n.) 强盗；盗贼robbery (n.) 抢劫(案件/事件)
9. We were in the bookshop, buying postcards.
这⾥的―buying postcards‖是―现在分词短语‖做―伴随状语‖，伴随在商店⾥所进⾏的⾏为。
10. Three young men started talking to us.
1) start doing sth. 开始做某事；着⼿做某事
start to do sth. 开始去做某事start = begin
2) talk (v.&n.) 交谈；交流
talk to sb. 对某⼈谈/说talk with sb. 与/和某⼈交流/交谈
talk about sth. 谈论某事have a talk with sb. 和某⼈谈谈话⽐较：
speak to sb. 对某⼈说
say sth. to sb. 向某⼈说某事
tell sb. sth. (about …) 告诉某⼈(有关于……)某事
11. Suddenly my friend noticed that her pur was gone.
1) notice
①(感官动词) 注意到
notice + 宾语从句（本句中⽤法，划线部分是―宾从‖。）
notice sb. doing sth. 注意到某⼈正在做某事
notice sb. do sth. 注意到某⼈做某事（全过程）/经常做某事
其余感官动词e / look at / hear / listen to / watch / obrve(观察)⽤法相同。
②(n.) 通知，布告
2) gone
①go – went – gone (vi.) 去
②(adj.) = away from a place; 不见了；ud up; 消失了；drunk up; 不复存在了；eaten up 离开了⽐较：lost (adj.) 丢失了；迷失了；迷路了
12. Two of the men ran away.
run – ran – run – running
run away (from …) (从…….)逃跑；逃离(……)
13. We followed this man here. I followed him to a shop nearby.
follow (v.) ①= go after … ; come after … 跟随……；更从……；列在……之后
follow sb. to sp. (地点名词) 跟随某⼈到某地
follow sb. here / there / home 跟随某⼈到这⾥/那⾥/家
②= go along …; go down… 沿着……⾛；顺着……⾛
实现英文following (adj.) 以下的；下列的follower (n.) 追随者；信徒
14. Then the gates opened. The man hurried aboard, and the two women tourists went after him.
1) gate: door in a fence or wall outside a building ⼤门；登机⼝
door: 门（相对较⼩，如卧室门、教室门等）entrance: ⼊⼝处? (反义) exit
2) hurry – hurried – hurried (v.&n.) 匆忙，赶紧，赶快，催促
hurry to do sth. 匆忙/赶紧去做某事
hurry to sp. 匆忙/赶紧去某地
hurry here / there / home / aboard 匆忙/赶快来这⾥/去那⾥/回家/上船（飞机/⽕车/公共汽车等）
in a hurry 匆忙地= hurriedly in such a hurry 如此匆忙地
3) aboard (adv.副词& prep.介词) : 登(机)；上(船/ ⽕车/ 公共汽车等)
⽐较：abroad (adv.) 在国外
15. Let’s take the next ferry.
1) (使役动词let) let sb. do sth. 让某⼈做某事let sb. not do sth. 让某⼈不做某事
2) take the next ferry 乘下班渡船
16. This was strange. Was my dad afraid of that man?
1) strange: ①unusual, surprising 奇怪的；奇异的②陌⽣的? stranger (n.) 陌⽣⼈
2) afraid (adj.) 害怕的；恐怕的；担⼼的（只能做―表语‖，不能够做―定语‖）
be afraid of sb. / sth. 害怕……；畏惧……
be afraid to do sth. 害怕(不敢)去做某事
be afraid of doing sth. 害怕（不愿）做某事
faraway⽐较：frightening (adj.) 令⼈害怕的（即可做―表语‖，⼜可做―定语‖）frightened (adj.) 感到害怕的17. He picked up the phone and quickly dialled 110.
1) pick … up （动副结构）拿起，捡起；(开车)接某⼈pick … 采摘
2) dial – dialled – dialled 拨（电话号码）
18. I want to report a theft.
1) report (v. & n.) 报告；报道；成绩单report sth. to sb. 向……汇报/报道……
reporter = journalist 记者
2) theft ①(可数n.) 偷窃案/事件；抢劫案/事件②(不可数n.) 偷窃⾏为
⽐较：thief ⼩偷? thieves (pl.)
19. The man is on No. 3 ferry now.
on the / a / No. 3 ferry (介词短语)在渡船上
by ferry (介词短语)乘渡船
take a / the / No.3 ferry (动词短语)乘渡船
20. Plea meet the ferry.
meet 1) (v.) meet – met – met (迎)接……；遇见……；迎合……；会见……
2) (n.) 会议= meeting meet with … 偶然遇到/碰到……
21. He gave some more details, and then put the phone down.
1) give – gave – given give sb. sth. = give sth. to sb.
2) put …down(动副短语) 放下……；记下……；镇压……
put … up (动副短语) 挂起……；张贴……；搭建
put … on (动副短语) （动作）穿……
put … off (动副短语) 推迟…… put off doing sth. 推迟做某事
put … into … 将……放进……⾥
