词语辨析
英语翻译汉语1. a bit, a little
a bit 一点儿，与a little同义，而a little可作adj.，直接修饰不可数名词，但a bit不能作adj.，后须加of＋不可数名词。特别提醒;not a bit与not a little意思正好相反。not a bit 一点也不；not a little 非常，很。
考题：选择:(2005年高考全国卷)
-Would you like some more tea? -____，plea.
A. No more
B. Just a little
C. I've had enough
test3D. Yes, I would
2. accept, receive
都可表示“接受，收到”的意思。accept：意为主观“接受”，指通过考虑，自己同意或愿意接受。还可以表示“吸收入党、团等”。receive：意为客观“接到”、“收到”，指收到东西这个事实，不含有本人是否愿意“接受”这层意思。特别提醒：receive 也可作“接见、接待”讲。
考题：选择:(2005年高考全国卷)
Before building a hou, you will have to ____the government' s permission.
A. get from
B. follow
C. receive
D. ask for
3. act, action
这两个词都有“活动”的意思，但act指具体的行为，短暂而简单的行动，着重效果；action 指抽象的行为，持续而复杂的行为，着重行为的过程及作用；action作可数名词时，意义与act一样；a kind of act( action)，一个仁慈的举动。但在某些固定结构中，两者不能换用.eg: take an action.
考题：用act和action填空
（1）Let's e how they take _____next.
(2) We caught him in the very _____of stealing.
(3）______ speaks louder than words.
(4) It was your _____and you must accept.
4. actual, real, true
这一组词都表示“真正的”，但有细微的区别。actual“真实的，实际的”，指事实上存在，并非虚构的事物；real“真正的”，指名符其实的，表里一致或客观上确实存在的人或物，其反义词是unreal; true“真实的，真正的”，指和实际情况完全一致，可与real互换，其反义词是fal或untrue, true可作表语和定语。特别提醒：actual无比较级。
考题：用actual, real或true填空
（1）What you have said is not ____．(2) Is your ring____ gold?
(3) The ____amount was only＄10.(4) This picture is _____to life.
(5）Is it _____that you are going to Rome?(6) Can you give me the ____figures? 5. address, speech, lecture, talk
address，演讲，指经过准备的正式演说。一般在正式、重要场合发表。speech演说，发言，普通用词，可以是正式的，也可以是非正式的，可以是有准备的，也可以是无准备的。lecture 演讲，讲课，指教师在讲台上做的专题讲座。talk讲话，报告，谈话，指非正式的谈话、报告。
考题：用address, speech, lecture或talk填空
（1) The president gave an important _____to the nation.
(2) The professor offered a____ on atom.(3) He made a moving _____to his workers.
(4) Let's have a free _____．
6. affair, thing, matter, business, event
affair意为“事情”、“事件”，含义较广，泛指已做或待做的事。复数affairs一般指商业事务及政府的日常
事务，如财政管理、外交事务等；thing意为“事情”、“事物”，不管大事小事、好事坏事均可称thing，一般不能专指事物；thing的复数形式things可作“形势”解；matter意为“事件”、“事故”，系普通用语，常指需要考虑和处理的事情，而不强调行动，matter作“物质”解时，是不可数名词。event多指大事件，如main events of the day/year当天当年的大事。特别提醒;(1)“做几件事”应该说do a few things，而不说do a few matters;“这是我的事”应该说It's my affair/business，而不说It' s my matter. (2）口语中，be the matter和be wrong意思相同，表示“不正常或有毛病”。(3) business作“事务”、“事情”解时，不能用复数形式，常常指所指派的任务、职责，有时说的是指派的工作或商业上的买卖活动等。与business常用的短语有in business经商；on business 有事，因公等。
考题：用affair, business, event和thing的适当形式填空
（1）What were ____like in Beijing before liberation?
(2) What were the chief ____of last year?(3) Are you here on _____or for pleasure?
(4) The president is kept busy with _____of the state.
7. a great many（of) ,a lot of, plenty of
(1) a great many意为“许多；相当多”，也可写成a good many，直接修饰复数名词，其后不能用of；
如果指“…一之中的许多……”，用“a great many of十名词或代词，其中的名词是特指的。表“许多”概念修饰名词时，a great many后不需要of；若修饰代词，则常加of; (2)后接可数名词：a great( good )many; a large(great) number of; many; scores of; dozens of; (3）后接不可数名词：a great (good) deal of; much; (4）后接可数或不可数名词：plenty of; a lot of=lots of .特别提醒：a lot of, plenty of多用于肯定句中，否定句中可用many, much替换。
考题：填空、选择、改错
（1）On our way to the hotel, I asked him _____questions.
(2) It ems that _____them are out of work now.
(3) We had plenty of paper but not ______ ink.
A. many
B. much
C. a lot of
D. plenty of
(4) _______doctors will be nt to the flooded areas soon.
A. A great deal of
B. A great many of
C. A great many
D. Much
(5) Philip found that there were a great many of people already there.（改错）
8. alive, living, lively, live
alive：意为“活着的”，“在世的”，是表语形容词，既可指人，也可指物，在句中可以作表语，后置定语，宾语或主语的补足语；living多用于前置定语；live [ laiv ]“活着的”，是表语形容词，可修饰人、物，此外，还可表示“现场直播的，实况的”；lively:“有生气的，生动的，活泼的”，与生死无关，可作定语、表语、补语。
9. all together, altogether
all together adv.意思是“每一个人（或物）都……；一起来……”，强调群体中的每一位都……，可指人和事物；altogether adv. 1) in all; entirely; wholly总计，总共。例如：There are ten people altogether．总共有十个人。2 ) on the whole; considering everything 总而言之，总之。例如：Altogether, our achievements are very great．总之，我们的成就是很大的。用作此意时常放在句首，并与主句用逗号分开。表示“总共”，后接数词，两者可以换用。特别提醒:altogether除表示“整个说来”或“完全”外，还可以表示“总共”。all together意为“一起”的意思，也可以表示“总共”。
考题：用altogether和all together填空
（1) The hou was ______destroyed by the fire.
(2) I have put the books _____in the schoolbag.
(3) _____the children have done very well.
(4) There are ______12 students in the room
10. alone, lone, lonely
alone：单独，独自一个人。可作副词，修饰动词。alone作形容词时，主要强调客观上独自一个，不
带感情色彩，在句中作表语或宾语补足语。alone不能用作前置定语，但可以作后置定语位于名词或代词之后，意为“惟有，只有”（=only)；lone：指人孤独，指物是单独一个，是定语形容词；lonely：只作形容词，“孤独的，寂寞的”，带有主观上的感情色彩，形容失去朋友，缺乏爱和帮助，感到寂寞或悲哀。lonely用来修饰地点（名词）时，意为“荒凉的，偏僻的”。lonely在句中作前置定语或表语。特别提醒：alone习惯上叫作表语形容词。即：不能作前置定语。类似的还有：asleep, alive, awake, worth等。
考题：选择
Though she lives ____in a small hou on a ___hill-side, she never feels ____.
英语外教机构排名A. lonely , alone , lonely新东方雅思培训
B. alone, lonely, lonely
C. alone, lonely, alone
D. lonely, lonely, alone
11. also, too, as well, either
这四个词都有“也”的意思，但具体使用场合和在句中的位置不同。too一般放在句尾，或作为插人语放在句中，只用在肯定句中。also比too更正式，只能用在肯定句中。also通常放在be动词、助动词或情态动词之后，行为动词之前。as well为副词，只能放在句尾，通常不用逗号隔开，用于肯定句中，重点在后。either只用于否定句中（not之后），只能放在句尾。
考题：用also, too, as well, either填空
（1）I can e how English is ud in everyday life _____．
西点培训学校(2) He has finished his homework. I have(,) _____．
(3) She hasn't been to the USA. Her mother hasn't _____．
(4) He can ______swim across the Changjiang River.
12. animal, beast, creature
Animal “动物”，生物学术语，动物的总称。Beast “兽”，指较大的四足动物或供乘骑和服劳役的四足驮兽。Creature “生物，动物”指除植物以外的一切生物，包括人、牲畜等。指人时多含有爱怜、僧恨、轻蔑等色彩。
考题：用animal, beast或creature填空
（1) The hor is a kind of ______.(2) I don't know that poor little _____．
(3) Fish are _____, too.(4) He is a very delightful ______．
13. another, the other, others, the others
another “另一个”，指三个或以上的人或同类事物中的另一个，无限定含义。复数为others. the other “另一个”，已指的两个人或事物中的另一个，后接复数名词表示“其余所有的……”。复数形式为the others. others“其它（他）”，指不定的其他（它）的人或事物。the others “其余的”，表示在一个范围内的其余全部的人或事物。
考题：用another, the other, other或the others填空
(1) The strike may last _____six months.
(2) I have two brothers. One is a soldier and _____is a worker.
(3) Tom is at home today, but ______students are at school.
(4）To read a foreign language is one thing, to speak it is ______.
14. announce, declare
Declare “（郑重）宣布”，多指对正式庄重的事情的“宣布，宣告”;announce “通知；预告”，侧重与生活有关的事情。可用announce to sb. that…句型。
candid考题：用declare和announce的适当形式填空
（1) They _____to their friends that they would get married on Oct.1.
(2) The judge _____the man guilty.
15. apart from, except for, but for , besides, except, but
except for “除了……”,for后面所接的成分是前面整体中的一部分，它表示的是整体与部分的关系；apart from“除……之外（还有）”= besides; but for“要不是……”（=without 或except for) ;but, except也可以单独使用，表示“除了……”讲，其后面可接名词、代词，还可以接不定式，且当but或except之前有行为动词do时，不定式则不带to, except 后还可接从句。besides意为“除……之外还有”，它包括其它事物。特别提醒：except for 表示“整体与部分”的关系，except强调同一范畴的排除。
考题：选择
（1）The village is quiet ______some birds singing in the woods.
A. except
B. except for
C. besides
D. but
(2) The suit fitted him well ____the color was a little brighter.
A. except for
B. except that
C. except when
D. besides
16. appear, em, look
(1) appear指从外表上看似乎如此，而实际上是否如此则不得而知。可用于it appears…句型。(2) look“看起来、好像”，指凭一个人的视觉作出的判断，但含有较多的真实性，即看上去如此，实际上也如此，其后可接as if引导的表语从句，也可与like构成短语。(3) em “好像、似乎”，指从某种迹象作出的判断，事实上似乎是那样，虽然有一定的根据，但还是令人难以确信，其后可接as if引导的表语从句，还可用于it ems…句型。
考题：用appear, em, look填空
（1）It ______as if he is going to win.
play(2) His temperature ____to be all right.
(3) It ______that he was talking to himlf.
(4) Though it is winter, it _____as if it were spring already.
17. argue about, argue with
两者都为“争论”，但两者有区别。argue about所接宾语一般是表示事物的名词；argue with 后一般接表示人的名词，表示“跟……争论”。特别提醒: argue with sb. about sth.“为某事跟某人争吵”。
考题：选择
Tom argued _____Mary _____a story book.
A. with; on
B. with; about
C. to; inaggressive翻译
D. to; with
18. as well, as well as
as well是副词短语，意为“也”，放在句末。当放在谓语动词之前，前面有may/just等时，意为“也好，不妨，还不如”，as well as是并列连词，意为“不仅，而且”，“既……又……”。考题：用as well和as well as填空
(1）We expect him to do the work _____look after the child.
(2) You might just ______tell me the truth.
(3) Your brother _____you is very kind to me.(4) The girl is lively ______healthy.
19. ask for, ask sb. for sth. , ask（sb.）about sth.
ask.. for…意为“向……要……；邀请…”,ask和for之后都需要跟宾语。ask for sth./ sb．意为“请求或要求得到某物，要求见某人”。ask ( sb.）about sth．指“向（某人）询问某
事”，即“询问，打听”。相关短语：ask sth. of sb．问某人某事,ask sb.( sth.）问某人（某事）,ask ( sb. ) for help 向（某人）求助,ask（sb.）for advice 向（某人）求教,ask for the way 问路,ask for trouble 自找麻烦,ask ( sb. ) about sth．询问；打听
考题：用ask for, ask sb. for sth. ,ask（sb.）about sth．填空
（1) They _____time to think all this over.
(2) A policeman came up to _____the accident.
(3) This morning she came here ____me ____some money.
20. at all , above all, after all , first of all , in all
at all “一点也（不）；哪怕一点”（常用于问句、否定句和条件句中）;above all“首先，最重要的是，尤其”；after all“毕竟，不管如何（有特别提醒之意）”;first of all“首先，最先，第一步”（强调次序）；in all “总共；总计”（=altogether, as the total)。特别提醒：above all与first of all意思相近，有时可互换。
考题：选择
Children need many things, but _____they need love.
A. above all
B. in all
C. after all
D. at all
21. at one time, at the same time, at a time, at times, at the time
at one time“以前”，“曾经”，与一般过去时连用；at the same time“同时”，“然而”，“但是”；at a time表示“一次”时不同于once，它指相同行为中的“一次”、“每次”，常用于“数词＋ at a time”，at a time还可作“一段时间”解。at times“有时；间或”at the time意为“在那时；在那段时间”。
考题：用at one time, at the same time, at a time, at times，at the time填空
（1）It is said that _____the famous writer lived in this hou.
(2) He spoke two hours ______.
(3）I agreed to help her _____, but changed my mind later.
(4) He comes to town to pay me a visit ______．
22. awake, wake
awake一般作形容词，表示未人睡或醒着的状态，awake还可用作动词，意为“唤醒，使清醒”，但不能与up连用。wake作动词，可与up连用，意为“醒，不再睡”或“吵醒、唤醒”。特别提醒：awake用作动
词时，不能与up连用，wake作动词可以与up连用。短语提示：wide awake/fully awake十分清醒,sound asleep/ fast asleep/ deeply asleep熟睡。
考题：用awake和wake填空
（1）When do you usually ______up?
北大西洋公约(2) Is he ______or asleep?(3) He lay ______all night.nake
(4) They were making enough noi to _____the dead.
23. away, off
(1）用在go, walk, nd, ride, swim, fly, hurry, drive等词后表示“离开”时，二者通用。(2) away侧重距离，off强调分离。对比：be away from home远离家乡；be off动身；take one' s hat away把帽子拿走；take off one' s hat脱帽。(3) away不侧重地点的变化，而off有从一地到另一地之意。对比：be away for a week离开一周；be off to Europe 离开去欧洲。(4)off可用作介词或副词，而away只能是副词。
考题：用away, off填空
（1）My grandpa live far ____from the town.(2) It's quite late. We must be ____．
(3) The boy nearly fell _____the tree.
(4) Your bicycle gets in the way. Will you take it _____？
