Repetition (重译法)
1. 重复名词
大家都知道，英语句中若两个动词共用一个宾语，宾语只在第二个动词之后出现一次。而在汉语中，这样的宾语要在每个动词后出现，定语后的名词也如此。 重复动词后的宾语名词，如：
1). We have to analyze and solve problems.
我们要分析问题，解决问题。
2). Let us revi our safety and sanitary regulations.
我们来修改安全规则和卫生规则吧。
重复英语中作表语的名词
1). John is your friend as much as he is mine.
约翰既是你的朋友，又是我的朋友。
2). This has been our position –but not theirs.
这一直是我们的立场——而不是他们的立场。
3). He became an enterprir—all by himlf.
他成为一个企业家——一个白手起家的企业家。
重复英语中省略的名词，起到强调和明确的作用，更符合译语习惯
1). I have fulfilled my assigned work ahead of schedule, so has he.
我已经提前完成了交给我的工作，他也提前完成了交给他的工作。
2). Ignorance is the mother of fear as well as of admiration.
无知是恐惧的根源，也是敬佩的根源。
3). Before liberation many people could not read or write.
解放前，许多人不会读书，也不会写字。
4). But we still have defects, and very big ones.
但是我们还是有缺点的， 而且还有很大的缺点。
5). The story of John is a story of groans and tears, of poor human beings destroyed by the capitalist.
约翰的故事是一篇充满呻吟和泪水的故事，是资本家摧残不幸的人们的故事。
6). A large family has its difficulties.
大（家庭）有大（家庭）的难处。
2、重复动词
英语句子常用一个动词连接几个宾语或表语，在译文中多要重复该动词。
1). Is he a friend or an enemy?
他是个朋友呢，还是个仇人？burlesque
2). For a good ten minutes, he curd me and my brother.
足足有十分钟之久，他既骂我，又骂我的兄弟。
3). What are they after? They are after name, after position, and they want to cut smart figures.
这种人闹什么东西呢？闹名誉，闹地位，闹出风头。
4). He no longer dreamed of storms, nor of great occurrences, nor of great fish, nor of fights.
他不再梦见风暴，不再梦见惊人的遭遇，也不再梦见大鱼和搏斗。
5). But his wife kept dinning in his ears about his idleness, his carelessness, and the ruin he was bringing on his family.
end point
可是他老婆不断地在他耳朵边唠叨个没完，说他懒惰，说他粗心，并且说他一家人都要毁在他的身上。
陶喆i love you注意，联系例3)、4）、5），英语句子中动词后有前置词时，在第二第三次往往只用前置词而省略动词，在汉语译文中则要重复动词。有时连前置词都省略了， 但在译文中通常仍重复动词。如例6）：
3. 重复代词honer
A. 英语中用代词的地方，翻译时往往可按汉语习惯的重复其所代替的名词。
1). Jes opened his eyes. They were filled with tears.
杰西睁开眼，眼里充满了泪水。
foolishness2). He hated failure; he had conquered it in his own life, rin above it, despid it in others.
他讨厌失败，他一生中曾战胜失败，超越失败，并且藐视别人的失败。
B. 有时代词代替句中作主语的名词（多数情况下该名词前均有修饰语），翻译时多不用代词而重复其作主语的名词，以达到明确具体的目的。如 mfc rideontime例4)、 5) 、6)
4). Happy family also had their own troubles.
幸福家庭也有幸福家庭的苦恼。
5). Big powers have their strategies while small countries also have their own lines.
强国有强国的策略，小国有小国的路线。
6). Each country has its own customs.
C. 再者,英语中强势关系代词或关系副词whoever, whenever, wherever 等等,翻译时亦多用重复法处理,如：
7). Whoever violates the disciplines should be criticized.
谁犯了纪律，谁就该受到批评。
8). Come to my office and have a talk with me whenever you are free.
你什么时候有空，就什么时候到我办公室来谈一谈。D. 英语用some…and others…（some…, others…）连用的句子译成汉语时主语往往是谓语重复形式的“的”字结构， 有时也可以用“有的……，有的……”句式。
9). Some have entered college and others have gone to the countryside.
有的上大学了，有的下乡了。
10). Some played soccer and others played basketball.
4、重复形容词
英语中有一个形容词修饰若干个名词或与若干个借此短语搭配的现象，译成汉语时应该将形容词重复译出。
1). We want such materials as can bear high temperature and pressure.
我们需要能耐高温、高压的材料。
2). Everybody appreciates polite words and manners.
每个人都会赞赏礼貌的言辞和礼貌的举止。
3). They are loyal to the motherland and the people.
他们忠于祖国，忠于人民。
5、为了生动而重复（多在英译汉过程中， 采用汉语的叠字或四字对偶）
1). There had been too much publicity about his love affairs.
他的风流韵事已经是满城风雨、人人皆知了。
2). The boasts were flat.
祝酒辞时平平淡淡的。
3). The kid is always in rags as if he were an orphan.
那个孩子整天穿得破破烂烂，就像个孤儿似的。
练习
1.We should learn how to analyze and solve problems.
elaborate我应该学会如何分析问题和解决问题。
2.A good play rves to educate and inspire the people.
一处好戏足以教育人民和鼓舞人民。
3.电影国王的演讲It is our duty to rebuild and defend our home-land.
重建家园和保卫家园是我们的职责。
4.They would be very reluctant to postpone or cancel the meeting.
他们非常不愿意推迟这个会议或取消这个会议。
5.Ignorance is the mother fear as well as of admiration.
无知是羡慕的根源，也是恐惧的根源。
6.I owned a town hou, a summer lodge in the mountains, a winter cabin in the dert, a car and a driver’s licen to take mylf about.
过去， 我在城里有一所住宅，在山间有一幢避暑的住所，在沙漠地带有一幢避寒的住所，外出还有汽车和驾驶执照。
7.People forget your face first, then your name.
人们首先忘记你的容貌，接着又忘记你的名字。
8.They talked of things they longed for—of meat and of hot soup and of the richness of butter.
drank
他们谈到了他们所渴望的那些东西——谈到了肉类，谈到了热汤，谈到了黄油的丰富营养。 9.Grammar deals with the structure of language, English grammar with the structure of English,
French grammar with the structure of French, etc.
语法论述语言的结构，英语语法论述英语的结构，法语语法论述法语的结构，等等。
10.When her eyes looked up, they were very large, odd, and attractive.
wishes她抬起眼来的时候，眼睛显得很大，很特别，很动人。
