第19单元威廉•戈尔丁
19.1复习笔记
William Golding（1911-1994）（威廉·戈尔丁）
①Life（生平）
William Gerald Golding,English novelist,was born in Cornwall,on the southwestern tip of England.During World War II,he rved in the British Royal Navy.After the war,Golding turned to teaching and started writing novels.He won the Nobel Prize for Literature in1983.From his experiences in World War II, especially from what he knew about the atrocities committed by the German fascists in the war,he learned the riousness of the problems in human nature. Golding himlf was a religious man who followed the Puritan tradition which emphasized Original Sin.Most of his novels deal with the problems in human nature.
威廉·杰拉尔德·戈尔丁，英国小说家，出生于英国西南角的康沃尔郡。二战期间，戈尔丁在英国皇家海军服役，战后他又从事教学并开始小说创作。1983年，戈尔丁获得诺贝尔文学奖。
英语字典在线
他在二战中的经历，尤其是对德国法西斯暴行的了解使他认识到人性中存在的问题。他是一名信仰清教的宗教人士，他相信人性本恶的说法。他的大多数小说都阐述了人性的问题。
②Major Works of Golding（戈尔丁主要作品）
speak
Lord of the Flies(1954)《蝇王》
The Inheritors(1955)《继承人》
Pincher Martin(1956)《品彻·马丁》
Free Fall(1959)《自由堕落》
The Spire(1963)《塔尖》
choo过去分词◆Lord of the Flies《蝇王》
A.Main Plot（主要情节）
It tells the story about the fate of a group of English schoolboys who are marooned and become isolated on an island,which is an allegory about the tragedy of human nature.Without adults on the island,the boys attempt to t up a normal society on the island.Ralph,one of the boys,reprents social order and civilization.A bespectacled fat,clumsy boy nicknamed Piggy reprents reason and logical thought.
Jack is the leader of a choir-school group in uniform,and his party are assigned to act as hunters of the wild pigs in the jungle to provide meat.A general breakdown of moral develops when the rule of law and order under Ralph’s leadership is undermined by Jack,who ability to hunt pigs lures more and more boys to his side.Jack makes a fly-infested pig’s head stuck on a pole and worships it with his followers as the Lord of the Flies.They now behave like primitive barbarians.They kill Simon,one of the boys,like killing a beast,to sacrifice the Lord of the Flies.Jack wholly degenerates into a bloody-thirsty dictator.Most of the boys
know怎么读
quickly become savages.They kill Piggy and Ralph remains to be the last object of their hunting and slaughter.But he is saved by the arrival of some officers in a naval ship,who take charge of the childr
en.Then a mask of civilization returns to the school boys.
蝇王讲述了一群搁浅并与世隔绝的男孩子们在小岛上的经历。该书是人性悲剧的寓言体。没有成年人在岛上，这些男孩在拉尔夫的带领下尝试建立一个正常的社会。拉尔夫代表了社会秩序和文明，他的朋友，戴着眼镜被大家称作“小猪”的胖男孩代表了理性和逻辑思维。
对不起的英文怎么写
杰克是一群唱诗班出身的男孩子的领导者，他们穿着统一的制服，他被分配猎野猪为大家提供猪肉的任务。当杰克取代了拉尔夫的首领位置时，岛上的道德秩序崩溃，越来越多的男孩被杰克猎猪的本领吸引而投靠他，他们过着原始野人般的生活。杰克将一个吸引了数不清苍蝇的猪头挂在杆子上当作“蝇王”来祭拜，后来他们像杀牲畜似的杀死了一个同伴西蒙，用他来祭祀蝇王。现在杰克完全沦落成一个嗜血的独裁者，岛上大部分男孩都成了原始野人，他们开始疯狂屠杀，“小猪”被杀死了，拉尔夫是最后一个目标，但是这时一艘军舰的到来挽救了拉尔夫，掌控了岛上的孩子们。最后文明的气息又回到这些孩子身上。
B.Theme（主题）
aestheticism
Golding explains the theme of this novel:the theme is an attempt to trace the defects of society back to the defects of human nature.The pessimistic viewpoint hold by the author reflects the mood of British intellectuals of post-World WarⅡperiod.It also reprents their disillusionment with20th centur
y naïve optimism about human nature.
戈尔丁阐述这部小说的主题是通过分析人性的罪恶来解释社会的罪恶。作者所持有的悲观论点正体现了战后英国知识分子的情绪，同时也代表了20世纪关于人性的积极主义的破
灭。
考拉的英文
19.2课后习题详解
1.Why do Ralph and Piggy go to e Jack?
Key:Becau they want to e the fire and get Piggy’s specs back.At the beginning of their arrangement,Jack was allowed to take care of the fire.
2.What are the differences between Ralph and Jack?poaching
Key:Ralph is the reprentative of civilization,while Jack is the reprentative of savage in the story.Ralph is rational;Jack is irrational.Ralph complies with rules and ordinations;Jack is rebellious a
去游吧nd aggressive.Ralph is honest and virtuous; Jack is crooked and vicious.Obviously,they reprent two kinds of opposite forces.kokang
3.What do you think Golding wants to tell us in the death of Piggy?
Key:It indicates that reason and rationality are conquered by savage and evil, which are reprented by Piggy and Roger respectively.It illustrates Golding’s intention to reveal his theme:human beings are born with the evil and dark esnce in their nature.
