高考英语写作中常见19种修辞手法详解
1.Simile 明喻
明喻是将具有共性的不同事物作对比.这种共性存在于人们的心里,而不是事物的自然属性.
标志词常用 like, as, em, as if, as though, similar to, such as等.
例如:
1.He was like a cock who thought the sun had rin to hear him crow.
2.I wandered lonely as a cloud.
3.Einstein only had a blanket on, as if he had just walked out of a fairy tale.
2.Metaphor 隐喻,暗喻
隐喻是简缩了的明喻,是将某一事物的名称用于另一事物,通过比较形成.
例如:
1.Hope is a good breakfast, but it is a bad supper.
2.Some books are to be tasted, others swallowed, and some few to be chewed and digested.
3.Metonymy 借喻,转喻
借喻不直接说出所要说的事物,而使用另一个与之相关的事物名称.
说课技巧
I.以容器代替内容,例如:
1.The kettle boils. 水开了.
2.The room sat silent. 全屋人安静地坐着.
II.以资料.工具代替事物的名称,例如:
hurry Lend me your ears, plea. 请听我说.
III.以作者代替作品,例如:
a complete Shakespeare 莎士比亚全集
VI.以具体事物代替抽象概念,例如:
I had the muscle, and they made money out of it. 我有力气,他们就用我的力气赚钱.
4.Synecdoche 提喻
提喻用部分代替全体,或用全体代替部分,或特殊代替一般.
例如:
1.There are about 100 hands working in his factory.(部分代整体)
他的厂里约有100名工人.
2.He is the Newton of this century.(特殊代一般)
他是本世纪的牛顿.
3.The fox goes very well with your cap.(整体代部分)
这狐皮围脖与你的帽子很相配.
5.Synaesthesia 通感,联觉,移觉
这种修辞法是以视.听.触.嗅.味等感觉直接描写事物.通感就是把不同感官的感觉沟通起来，借联想引起感觉转移，以感觉写感觉。
通感技巧的运用，能突破语言的局限，丰富表情达意的审美情趣，起到增强文采的艺术效果。比如：欣赏建筑的重复与变化的样式会联想到音乐的重复与变化的节奏;闻到酸的东西会联想到尖锐的物体;听到飘渺轻柔的音乐会联想到薄薄的半透明的纱子;又比如朱自清《荷塘月色》里的 微风过处送来缕缕清香,仿佛远处高楼上渺茫的歌声似的。
例如:
1.The birds sat upon a tree and poured forth their lily like voice.(用视觉形容听觉，鸟落在树上，由它发出的声音联想到百合花)
鸟儿落在树上,倾泻出百合花似的声音.
48个英语音标正确读法
2.Taste the music of Mozart.(用嗅觉形容听觉)
品尝Mozart的音乐.
6.Personification 拟人
发挥英语 拟人是把生命赋予无生命的事物.
例如:
1.The night gently lays her hand at our fevered heads.(把夜拟人化)
2.I was very happy and could hear the birds singing in the woods.(把鸟拟人化)
7.Hyperbole 夸张
嗟来之食翻译 夸张是以言过其实的说法表达强调的目的.它可以加强语势,增加表达效果..
例如:
1.I beg a thousand pardons.
2.Love you. You are the whole world to me, and the moon and the stars.
3.When she heard the bad news, a river of tears poured out.
8.Parallelism 排比, 平行
这种修辞法是把两个或两个以上的结构大体相同或相似,意思相关,语气一致的短语.句子排列成串,形成一个整体.
例如:
英语月份
1.No one can be perfectly free till all are free; no one can be perfectly moral till all are moral; no one can be perfectly happy till all are happy.
2.In the days when all the things are to be answered for, I summon you and yours, to the last of your bad race, to answer for them. In the days when all the things are to be answered for, I summon your brother, the worst of your bad race, to answer for them parately.
9.Euphemism 委婉,婉辞法
婉辞法指用委婉,文雅的方法表达粗恶,避讳的话.
例如:
1.He is out visiting the necessary. 他出去方便一下.
2.His relation with his wife has not been fortunate. 他与妻子关系不融洽.kollie
3.Deng Xiaoping pasd away in 1997. (去世)
10.Allegory 讽喻,比方(原意寓言)
怎样提升自己的语言表达能力
建立在假借过去或别处的事例与对象之上，传达暗示，影射或者讥讽现世各种现象的含义。
英文解释：an expressive style that us fictional characters and events to describe some subject by suggestive remblances; an extended metaphor 摘自英语专业《大学英语教程》一书
这是一种源于希腊文的修辞法,意为换个方式的说法.它是一种形象的描述,具有双重性,表层含义与真正意味的是两回事.
例如:
1.Make the hay while the sun shines.
表层含义：趁着出太阳的时候晒草
真正意味：趁热打铁
2s time to turn plough into sword.
美国的英文
表层含义：是时候把犁变成剑
11.Irony 反语
反语指用相反意义的词来表达意思的作文方式.如在指责过失.错误时,用赞同过失的说法,而在表扬时,则近乎责难的说法.
例如:
1.It would be a fine thing indeed not knowing what time it was in the morning.
早上没有时间观念还真是一件好事啊(真实含义是应该明确早上的时间观念)
2Of cour, you only carry large notes, no small change on you. the waiter said to the beggar.
12.Pun 双关
双关就是用一个词在句子中的双重含义,借题发挥.作出多种解释,旁敲侧击,从而达到意想不到的幽默.滑稽效果.它主要以相似的词形.词意和谐音的方式出现.
例如:
1.She is too low for a high prai, too brown for a fair prai and too little for a great prai.
2.An ambassador is an honest man who lies abroad for the good of his country.
没关系韩语
3.If we dont hang together, we shall hang parately.
13.Parody 仿拟
这是一种模仿名言.警句.谚语,改动其中部分词语,从而使其产生新意的修辞.
例如:
1.Rome was not built in a day, nor in a year.
2.A friend in need is a friend to be avoided.
3.If you give a girl an inch nowadays she will make address of it.
14.Rhetorical question 修辞疑问(反问)
它与疑问句的不同在于它并不以得到答复为目的,而是以疑问为手段,取得修辞上的效果,其特点是:肯定问句表示强烈否定,而否定问句表示强烈的肯定.它的答案往往是不言而喻的.
例如:
1.How was it possible target=_blank class=infotextkeypossible to walk for an hour through the woods and e nothing worth of note?
2.Shall we allow tho untruths to go unanswered?
