必修二Unit3.4被动语态（二）
必修二Unit3.4被动语态
一.被动语态的特殊结构
1.带情态动词的被动结构。其形式为：
The baby should be taken good care of by the baby-sitter.
You must hand in your compositions after class.
Your compositions must be handed in after class.
He can write a great many letters with the computer.
A great many letters can be written with the computer by him.innocence mission
万众一心是什么意思习题巩固：
1．You should finish your homework at once.
smoke
Your homework (by you) at once.
2．You can take this book home.
This book home (by you).
2. 有些动词可以有两个宾语，在用于被动结构时，可以把主动结构中的一个宾语变为主语，
另一宾语仍然保留在谓语后面。通常变为主语的是间接宾语。
His mother gave him a prent for his birthday.
south china aHe was given a prent by his mother for his birthday.
直接宾语：是谓语动词的承受者。
间接宾语：谓语动作的方向(对谁做)或动作的目标(为谁做...间接宾语紧接在谓语动词后,
但它不能单独存在，它和直接宾语组成双宾语。
习题巩固：
I have given him the book.
(1)
(2)
3. 当“动词+宾语+宾语补足语”结构变为被动语态时，将宾语变为被动结构中的主语，其余不
动。
Someone caught the boy smoking a cigarette. boy was caught smoking a cigarette.
We always keep the classroom clean. classroom is always kept clean.
习题巩固：
1. We always keep the classroom clean.
2．She told us to follow her instructions.
新视野大学英语读写教程第四册课文翻译4. 在使役动词have, make, get以及感官动词e, watch, notice, hear, feel, obrve等后面不定式作宾语补语时，在主动结构中不定式to要省略，但变为被动结构时，要加to。
Someone saw a stranger walk into the building.
A stranger was en to walk into the building.
习题巩固：
We often hear him play the guitar.
5. 有些相当于及物动词的动词词组，如“动词＋介词”，“动词＋副词”等，也可以用于被动结
构，但要把它们看作一个整体，不能分开。其中的介词或副词也不能省略。
不及物动词+ 介词，如: agree to, ask for, laugh at, operated on, listen to, look after, think of, talk about
及物动词+ 副词：如：bring about, carry out, find out, give up, hand in, make out, pass on, point out, put away, put off, think over, turn down, work out, turn out 等。
The meeting is to be put off till Friday.
The patient is being operated on.
The problem is solved. It needn't be talked about.
6.“动词＋名词＋介词”这类动词词组，如:catch sight of, make u of, pay attention to, take
advantage of, take care of, take notice of, put an end to, t fire to ,take hold of, take notice of, keep an eye on等，有两种被动形式：
1) We take good care of the books. The books are taken good care of.
Good care is taken of the book.
2) You must pay attention to your pronunciation.
Attention must be paid to your pronunciation.
Your pronunciation must be paid attention to.
7. 非谓语动词的被动语态
v.+ing 形式及不定式to do 也有被动语态(一般时态和完成时态) 。
v.+ing的被动形式：being done, having been done
to do 的被动形式：to be done, to have been done
Sunglass can defend your eye from being hurt.
Having been fired, I had to find another job to support my family.
Nobody will like to be treated like this. emed to have been told the truth.
7. It is said that+从句及其他类似句型
一些表示“据说”或“相信”的动词如believe, consider, expect, report, say, suppo, think等可以用于句型“It＋be＋过去分词＋that从句”或“主语＋be＋过去分词＋to do sth.”。有：It is said that… 据说,It is reported that…据报道，It is believed that…大家相信，It is hoped that…大家希望，It is well known that…众所周知，It is thought that…大家认为，It is suggested that…据建议，It must be admitted…必须承认，It must be poin ted out that…必须指出，It will be generally considered that…大家认为。
It is said that the boy has pasd the national exam.
（＝The boy is said to have pasd the national exam. ）1分钟自我介绍
It is reported that the film star have divorced with his wife.
（=The film star is reported to have divorced with his wife.）
二、谓语动词的主动形式表示被动意义
1.在主语是物的句子里（某些动词在表达主语的性质时，不用被动语态）。
第一，感官系动词一般用主动形式表示被动意义，如：feel，look, em, taste, sound, remain 等。
—Do you like the material? —Yes, it feels very soft. （）
It is felt very soft. （）
The food tastes delicious. （）
The food is tasted delicious. （）
The pop music sounds beautiful. （）
The pop music is sounded beautiful. （）
第二，谓语是及物动词leave, enter, reach, suit, have, benefit, lack, own等。
小学毕业典礼演讲稿He entered the room and got his book. （）
power bank
The room was entered and his book was got. （）
学困生转化措施
流光rurutiaShe had her hand burned. （）
Her hand was had burned. ( )
注意：主动语态表被动强调的是主语的特征，而被动语态则强调外界作用造成的影响。
The door won't lock．（指门本身有毛病）
