The Truth About Lying 关于说谎的真相 朱迪斯维奥斯特
1.I've been wanting to write on a subject that intrigues and challenges me the subject of lying. I've found it very difficult to do. Everyone I've talked to has a quite inten and personal but often rather intolerant point of view about what we can and can never never tell lies about. I've finally reached the conclusion that I can't prent any ultimate conclusions, for too many people would promptly disagree. Instead, I'd like to prent a ries of moral puzzles, all concerned with lying. I'll tell you what I think about them. Do you agree?
我一直想写一个令我深感兴趣的话题：关于说谎的问题。我觉得这个题目很难写。所有我交谈过的人都对什么事情可以说谎—— 什么事情绝对不可以说谎—— 持有强烈的、常常不容别人分说的个人意见。最后我得出结论,我不能下任何定论,因为这样做就会有太多的人立即反对。我想我还是提出若干都与说谎有关的道义上的难题吧。我将向读者阐明我对这些难题的个人看法。你们觉得对吗?
Social Lies社交性谎言
2.Most of the people I've talked with say that they find social lying acceptable and necessary. They think it's the civilized way for folks to behave. Without the little white lies, they say, our relationships would be short and nasty. It's arrogant, they say, to insist on being so incorruptible and so brave that you cau other people unnecessary embarrassment or pain by compulsively prenting them with your honesty. I basically agree. What about you?
和我交谈过的大多数人都说，他们认为旨在促进社会交际的谎言是可以接受的也是必要的。他们认为这是一种文明的行为。他们说，要不是这类无关紧要的谎言，人与人之间的关系就会变得粗野不快,无法持久。他们说,如果你要做到十二分正直、十二分无畏，不由自主地用你的诚实使他人陷入不必要的窘境或痛苦之中,这只能说你是傲慢自大。对此,我基本赞同。你呢?
3.Will you say to people, when it simply isn't true, "I like your new hairdo," "You're looking much better," "It's so nice to e you," "I had a wonderful time"?
你会不会跟人说:“我喜欢你的新发型,”“你气色好多了,”“见到你真高兴,”“我玩得很尽兴,”而实
际上根本不是这么回事儿。
4.Will you prai ugly prents and ugly kids?
你会不会对令人憎厌的礼物洪恩幼儿英语家庭版，或相貌平平的孩子称赞有加。
5.Will you decline invitations with"We’re busy that night—so sorry we can’t come,”when the truth is you’d rather stay home than dine with the So-dad-sos？
你婉辞邀请时会不会说“那天晚上我们正好没空—— 真对不起，我们不能来,”而实际上你是宁肯呆在家里也不想跟某某夫妇一起进餐。
6.And even though, as I do, you may prefer the polite evasion of "You really cooked up a storm" instead of "The soup" which tastes like warmed-over coffee "is wonderful," will you, if you must, proclaim it wonderful?
虽然像我那样，你也想用 “太丰盛了”这种委婉的托辞，而不是盛赞“那汤味道好极了”(其实味同重新热过的咖啡),但如果你必须赞美那汤，你会说它鲜美吗?
7.There's one man I know who absolutely refus to tell social lies. "I can't play that game," he says, "I'm simply not made that way." And his answer to the argument that saying nice things to someone doesn't cost anything is, "Yes, it does it destroys your credibility." My friend does not indulge in what he calls "flattery, fal prai and sweet comments". When others tell lies he will not go along. He says that social lying is lying, that little white lies are still lies. And he feels that telling lies is morally wrong. What about you?
我认识一个人,他完全拒绝说这类社交性谎言。“我不会那一套,”他说,“我生来就不会那一套。”讲到对人家说几句好听的话并不失去什么，北大青鸟it培训他的回答是,“不对，当然有损失—— 那会损害你的诚信度。”因此你不问他，他不会对你刚买来的画发表意见，但除非你想听老实话。否则你也不会去问他的真实想法。当我们这些说谎者轻声称赞着“多美啊”的时候，他的沉默往往是极能说明问题的。我的这位朋友从来不讲他所说的“奉承话、虚假的赞美话和动听话生病英语”。别人说些无伤大雅的谎stance言，他则不。他说社交性谎言还是谎言，无关紧要的小小谎言还makeprogress是谎言。他认为说谎不合道德。你呢？
Peace-Keeping Lies息事宁人的谎言
8.Many people tell peace-keeping lies; lies designed to avoid irritation or argument; lies designed to shelter the liar from possible blame or pain; lies designed to keep trouble at bay without hurting anyone.
不少人为了息事宁人而说谎：那种意在避免生气或争吵的谎言，意在使说谎者免受可能的责备或烦恼的谎言：意在(或据认为理应)不小王子下载伤害他人而又能帮助避免麻烦的谎言。
9.I tell the lies at times, yet I always feel they're wrong. I understand why we tell them, but still they feel wrong. And whenever I lie so that someone won't disapprove of me or think less of me or yell at me, I feel I'm a bit of a coward, I feel I'm dodging responsibility, I feel guilty. What about you?
我有时也说这种谎，不过四六级答案我总觉得不该说。我知道为什么要说这种谎，但说这种谎终究不对。每当我为dr congo了不让别人讨厌自己、看轻自己、或冲着自己嚷嚷而说谎时，我总觉得自己有点像个懦夫，觉得自己是在逃避责任，觉得…愧疚。你呢？
10.Do you, when you are late for a date becau you overslept, say you're late becau you got caught in a traffic jam?
你由于睡过 .赴约会迟到了，会不会说是因为碰上堵车才晚到的？
11.Do you,when you’re forget to call a friend,say that you called veral times but the line was busy?
你忘了给brazen朋友打电话，会不会谎称打过好几次，可电话老占线？
12.Do you, when you didn't remember that it was your father's birthday, say that his prent must be delayed in the mail?
你忘了父亲的生日，会不会说寄给他的礼物准是给耽搁了？
13.And when you're planning a weekend in New York City and you're not in the mood to visit your mother, who lives there, do you conceal — with a lie, if you must — the fact that you'll be in New York? Or do you have the courage — or is it the cruelty? — to say, "I'll be in New York, but sorry — I don't plan on eing you"?
你打算去纽约市度周末，但又不想去看望住在那里的母亲，你会——必要的话用谎言——
隐瞒你将到纽约的事state实，还是会勇敢地——或者说狠心地——说：“我要来纽约可是抱歉，我不打算来看望你”？
14.(Dave and his wife Elaine have two quite different points of view on this very subject. He calls her a coward. She says she's being wi. He says she must asrt her right to visit New York sometimes and not e her mother. To which she always patiently replies: "Why should we have uless fights? My mother's too old to change. We get along much better when I lie to her.")
