必修1：Friendship（P1）
1. be good to … 对姐姐的守护者 下载…好，对…和蔼，对…友好
Why can't she be good to her sister?
为什么她不能对她姐姐好点？
2. survey 调查
✧ fibera survey of 对…的调查，关于…的调查
a survey of US business 对美国企业的调查
✧ survey shows/reveals (that)调查显示…
The survey showed that Britain’s trees are in good health. 调查显示英国的树木状况良好。
✧ carry out/conduct a survey (=do a survey)进行调查
✧ We conducted a survey of parents in the village. 我们对这个村子的孩子父母作了一次调查。
3. add 添加、增加、计算、相加
✧ add sth to sth 把…加入…中
小学英语试卷
Do you want to add your name to the list? 你想把你的名字加到名单里吗？
✧ add sth and sth (together) 把…和…相加。
Add 7 and 5 to make 12. 7加5得12。
✧ add to something 增加
What he did has added to our difficulties. 他的所作所为增加了我们的困难。
✧ add up to 总计，加起来等于
The cost added up to 100 million yuan. 费用总计达一亿元。
4. until
✧ 直到…为止
The ticket is valid until March. 这张票的有效期一直到 3 月份。
He waited until she had finished speaking. 他一直等到她讲完。
✧ not until直到…才〔用于强调某事在某个具体的时刻或者另一件事发生以前没有发生〕
rotten tomatoesIt was not until 1972 that the war finally came to an end. 直到 1972 年战争才终于结束。
5. finish 停止
✧ finish doing sth 停止做某事（停下正在做的事情）
I finished typing the report just minutes before it was due. 我在截止时间前几分钟才把报告打完。
✧ finish[+ with]以…为结尾
The party finished with a song. 聚会以一首合唱结束。
6. help 帮助
✧ help sb with sth帮助某人某事
Can I help you with the washing up? 我来帮你洗碗好吗？
My father said he’s going to help me with the fees. 父亲说费用问题他会帮我解决的。
✧ help sb (to) do sth
I helped her to carry her cas up the stairs. 我帮她把箱子拎上了楼。
She helped him choo some new clothes. 她帮他挑了一些新衣服。
✧ help (to) do sth
She was coming to help clean the machines. 她要来帮忙擦洗机器。
7. plan n.计划、打算；vi & vt 计划、筹划、打算 (planning, planned, planned)
✧ n.计划、打算；plan for…,…的计划 (有时候也会用介词of)
His plan is to work abroad for a year. 他计划去国外工作一年。
Do you have any plans for the weekend? 你周末有什么打算？
✧ make a plan / make plans 做计划、制定计划、筹备；
Mary has been busy making plans for her wedding. 玛丽一直在忙着筹划她的婚礼。
✧ carry out a plan(=do what has been planned) 实施计划
They were arrested before they could carry out their plans. 他们在实施计划之前就被逮捕了。
✧ plan to do sth 计划去做某事/打算去做某事/谋划去做某事
Maria didn’t plan to kill Fiona. It was an accident. 玛丽亚并非蓄意杀害菲奥娜，那是个意外。
8. get vi & vt 获得、到达、收到、购买、取得…（getting, got, gotten）
✧ 使某事发生在某人身上/某物上 (get it repaired)
You’re going to get us all killed! 你会让我们都没命的！
Don’t get yourlf burned. 别烫到自己。
9. upt
✧ adj. 心烦意乱的、不快的、烦躁的
I was very upt becau one of my friend was rude to me. 我很心烦，因为我的一个好朋友对我非常无礼。
✧ be upt about
She was deeply upt about the way her father treated her. 父亲那样对她，她非常难过。
2016年12月英语四级答案✧ upt that
Debbie was upt that he didn’t spend more time with her. 他没有花更多的时间陪自己，
黛比觉得不快。
✧ be upt with sb生某人的气，对某人感到不快
You’re not still upt with me, are you? 你不是还在生我的气吧？
✧ vt.使某人生气；使生气；使心烦意乱
Don’t do anything that would upt him. 别做惹他生气的事情。
His cheating in the exam upt his teacher. 他在考试中作弊，这使他的老师很生气。
10. ignore vt.忽视、忽略、不理睬
You can’t ignore the fact that many criminals never go to prison. 你不能无视很多罪犯从未获刑的事实。
The phone rang, but she ignored it. 电话铃响了，但她只当没听见。
11. calm adj. 静的、平静的、沉着的；n. 平静、宁静；vi & vt caterpillars使平静
在线英译汉
Glen was calm and compod at the funeral. 格伦在葬礼上表现得平静而镇定。
✧ remain/stay/keep calm 保持镇静、保持平静；
I tried to stay calm and just ignore him. 我尽量保持镇定，不去理睬他。
✧ the calm before the storm n.平静
暴风雨前的平静〔指激烈争论或严重问题出现前短暂的平静局面〕
✧ calm down恢复平静，恢复正常; calm sb down 使某人平静下来
It took months for things to calm down after we had the baby. 我们有了宝宝后过了好几个月，家里的一切才恢复正常。
She lit a cigarette to calm herlf down. 她点了支烟，使自己平静下来。
12. have got to do 必须，不得不；
Have you got to go now? 你非得现在走吗？
辨析：have got to 和 have to的区别
1) 在表示一次性动作时，两者可以互换。
I have（got保险费会计分录）to be back by 10 o’clock. 我十点前必须回来。疯颠
2) 当表示习气性动作时，特别是句子中有表示经常性的副词（always、often等），则用have to, 而不用 have got to
I often have to get up at 5. 我常常要五点起床。
3) have got to 几乎不用在过去时态中。
In order to catch you, I had to walk very fast.为了赶上你，我不得不走得很快才行。
4) have to 在使用时可以搭配助动词或情态动词；也可以用在停止体或完成体结构中，而have got to 不行。
I shall have to help him as much as I can. 我将不得不尽我所能地去帮他。
7. plan n.计划、打算；vi & vt 计划、筹划、打算 (planning, planned, planned)
✧ n.计划、打算；plan for…, …的计划 (有时候也会用介词of)
His plan is to work abroad for a year. 他计划去国外工作一年。
Do you have any plans for the weekend? 你周末有什么打算？
✧ make a plan / make plans 做计划、制定计划、筹备；
Mary has been busy making plans for her wedding. 玛丽一直在忙着筹划她的婚礼。
✧ carry out a plan(=do what has been planned) 实施计划
They were arrested before they could carry out their plans. 他们在实施计划之前就被逮捕了。
✧ plan to do sth ecf计划去做某事/打算去做某事/谋划去做某事
Maria didn’t plan to kill Fiona. It was an accident. 玛丽亚并非蓄意杀害菲奥娜，那是个意
外。
8. get vi & vt 获得、到达、收到、购买、取得…（getting, got, gotten）
