Milling machine refers to the main processing of various milling cutter on the workpiece surface of machine tools.Usually cutter rotating movement is given priority to, (and) the movement of the cutter for workpiece feeding movement.It can processing plane, groove, processing all kinds of curved surface, the gear, etc.Milling machine is to u milling cutter for milling machine tools artifacts.Milling machine in addition to milling flat, grooved, gear teeth, threads and spline shaft, also can processing complex surface, high efficiency of a planer, widely ud in machinery manufacturing and repair department.
Milling machine is a kind of widely ud machine tools, can be procesd on milling machine plane (horizontal, vertical plane) and groove (key, T slot, dovetail groove, etc.), the points of tooth parts (gear, spline shaft, wheel), helical surface (screw, screw groove) and various kinds of curved surface.In addition, it can be ud in the surface of solid of revolution, inner hole machining and cutting work, etc.Milling machine at work, the workpiece is installed on the workbench or on dividing the first attachment, cutter rotating movement, accompanied by a table or milling head feed movement, the workpiece can obtain the required machining surface.Becau it is more than the intermittent cutting blade, and high productivity of milling machine.In simple terms, the workpiece for milling, drilling and milling machine can bore processing of machine tools.
The development cour
Milling machine was first made by the American e. Whitney in 1818 created the horizontal milling machine.For milling spiral flute of auger bit, americans J.R. brown in 1862 created the first universal milling machine, the machine is to lift the prototype of the milling machine.Around 1884 gantry milling machine.The 1920 s saw the emergence of miautomatic milling machine, the workbench using block can complete "feed - fast" or "quick - feed" automatic conversion.
After 1950, milling machine soon in control system development, the application of digital control has greatly incread the degree of automation of milling machine.Especially after 70 s, the microprocessor digital control system and the automatic tool change system has been applied on the milling machine, expand the scope of milling machine processing, improve the machining precision and efficiency.debate的用法>robin
critical_ction
As the rising process of mechanization, CNC programming class began to widely ud with the machine operation, greatly relead the labor force.Programming of CNC milling machine will gradually replace manual operation.Requirements for employees will be more and more high, of cour, the efficiency will be more and more is also high.
The main classification
A, according to the layout form and scope of application
Milling machine
62届艾美奖1. Lift milling machine: is there a universal type, horizontal and vertical, etc., mainly ud for machining medium and small parts, the most widely ud.
2. The gantry milling machine: including gantry milling and boring machine, milling machine, gantry milling planer and double column are ud for machining large parts.
3. The single-column milling machine and single-arm milling machine: the former horizontal milling head can move along the column guide rail, workbench longitudinal feed;The latter's vertical milling head can move along the cantilever guide level, cantilever also can be adjusted along the column guide rail height.Both for processing large parts.
4. Don't lift table milling machine: work with rectangular table and round table two, is between lift milling machine and milling planer milling machine of a medium size.The vertical direction of movement are done by milling head on post lift.
5. The milling machine: the ri and fall of a small milling machine, ud for processing instruments and meters and other small parts.
6. Tool milling machine: ud for mould and tool manufacturing, equipped with vertical milling head, universal Angle worktable and plugs, and other accessories, can also be for drilling, boring and slotting machining.
7. Other milling machine: such as CAM milling machine, the crankshaft keyway milling machine, milling machine, rolling roll shaft neck milling machine and square ingot milling machine, etc., is a special milling machine for processing the corresponding artifacts and manufacturing.
Second, according to the structure
Milling machine
gv是什么意思(1) type milling machine: small milling of instruments, meters and other small parts ud for the milling machine.
(2) the cantilever type milling machine, milling head mounted on the cantilever milling machine, lathe bed horizontal layout, the cantilever can make vertical movement along the bed side column guidew
拆散的解释ay commonly, milling head along the cantilever guide mobile.
beat(3) the ram-type milling machine
(4) gantry milling machine, lathe bed horizontal layout, the both sides of the pillar and connection beam gantry milling machine.Milling head is installed on the beams and columns, it can move along the guide rail.Are usually along the beam column guide rail vertical movement, the workbench can move along the vertical lathe bed guide rail, ud for bulk processing.
(5) the plane milling machine
(6) copying milling machine: copying machining of workpieces milling machine.Commonly ud in processing complicated shape workpiece.
(7) lift milling machine: it can move along the vertical lathe bed guide rail of the lifting platform of milling machine, usually installed in the lifting platform workbench and wagen respectively for longitudinal and lateral movement.
(8) the rocker milling machine
(9) lathe bed type milling machine
(10) special milling machine: tools such as milling machine, milling machine for milling tool mold, high processing precision, processing complicated shape.
Third, according to the control points
Can be divided into the copy milling machine, milling machine program control milling machine, CNC milling machine and so on.
4 cutter classification
The editor
Milling machine
To be ud for the milling machine processing plane, steps, groove, forming on the surface of workpiece is cut off and etc. Distinguish between a variety of commonly ud model according to the u of a milling cutter.: (1) cylindrical milling cutters ud in the horizontal plane milling machine processing.Distribution on the circumference of the milling cutter blade, according to the tooth shape is divided into two kinds of straight teeth and helical teeth.According to the number of points, coar teeth and rration two kinds.Spiral teeth less rough gear milling cutter teeth, blade intensity is high,
should the space is large, suitable for rough machining;Fine-tooth milling cutter is suitable for the finishing.(2) face milling cutter: ud for vertical milling machine, end milling machine or on, gantry milling machine, processing plane, a blade on the end face and the circumference of a circle is divided into coar teeth and rration.Its structure has integral, with tooth and indexable type 3 kinds.(3) vertical milling cutter: ud for machining grooves and level surface, blade on the circumference of a circle and end face, the axial feed at work can't.When there are through the center of the end of the tooth in the end mill, but the axial feed (usually double end mill and is referred to as "keyway milling cutter can be axial feed).(4) side and face milling cutter: ud for processing various grooved surface and steps, the two sides and have the blade on the circumference of a circle.(5) Angle cutter: ud for the groove milling with a certain Angle, which has two kinds of single Angle and double Angle cutter.6 saw blade milling cutter: ud for machining deep groove and cut the workpiece, the more blade on the circumference of a circle.In order to reduce the friction when milling, blade on both sides of the 15 '~ 1 ° Angle.In addition, there are keyway milling cutter dovetail groove milling cutter t-slot milling cutter and various forming milling cutter, etc.
The structure of the milling cutter is divided into four.1) monolithic: blade and blade made into an org
anic whole.(2) the whole welding type: blade using hard alloy or other wear of cutting tool materials, and soldering on the blade.(3) with tooth: blade USES the method of mechanical clip fastening on the blade.This can change the cutter tooth can be whole cutting tool materials gment, can be welding tool material cutting head.The cutting head is installed on the blade sharpening cutter grinding type
is called the body;Cutting head in fixture on parate grinding are called external grinding type.(4) indexable type: this kind of structure has been widely ud in face milling cutter, end mill and side milling cutter, etc.
loader
Safety rules
Milling machine
1: unloading workpieces, must remove the cutting tool, cutting the head, hand shall not be clo to the milling surface.Of cutter 2: using joint milling machines, must be slowly into or hand in, is not allowed to fast forward, feeding, no parking.
3: fast in a knife handle hit someone pay attention to the joint milling machines.
4: feed not too fast, not sudden change, xu is milling machine should be t limit stop.
5: up and down and measurement, adjust the cutting tool, workpiece fastening speed, both must stop xu is milling machine. 6: tear open outfit endmill, countertops should pad board, flat cutter pull down the nut, shall not be too hard.
7: it is forbidden to touch or u cotton yarn to clean rotating parts and tools, with the hand to hold the knife dish is prohibited. 8: in general, a clip clip only one artifact at a time.Becau a clip of more than one workpiece at a time, even more tight, coar when the feed force is very big, between two artifacts that are easy to slide, result in artifacts, knife, wounding incident. Technical characteristics
The development of horizontal boring and milling machine to inject this acceleration concept and attention, make technical support for high speed running transmission components of motorized spindle, linear motor, linear guide rail is widely ud, such as push the speed of the machine to new heights.And the horizontal boring and milling machining center spindle replaceable type of innovation design solved the electric main shaft and the save the pros and cons of the boring bar mobile telescopic structure, has the efficacy of compound processing and one machine amphibious, also is a large horizontal boring and milling machine's technological innovation.
Floor-type milling and boring machine with its new design concept of the development of leading trend of modern processing, to boring axis high speed machining for the idea of no pillow, a variety of milling head exchange using the structure of all show elegant demeanour, is the trend of the alternatives to traditional milling.Reprented by two coordinates angular milling head of various milling head attachments become a main method for high speed, efficient composite, its performance is more wide, more power, more rigid and is a breakthrough in the development of the ground milling and boring machine.
Structural characteristics of
Horizontal boring and milling machine is the main key components of the spindle box, installed in the column profile, there are a few manufacturers with double column thermal symmetric structure, the spindle box in the middle of their posts, the biggest characteristic is rigid structure, balance, good heat dissipation performance, main axle box provides a reliable guarantee for high speed running.However, double column structure is convenient for maintenance, are the reasons why the manufacturer is not much.Spindle box moving through the motor driven ball screw drive, is the core spindle drive gear, using static pressure bearing, ball screw driven by rvo motor drive.Due to the spindle speed is higher and higher, the spindle warming faster, many manufacturers will u oil mist
cooling to replace oil cooling, more effectively control the spindle to heat up, effectively ensure the accuracy.
Spindle system there are two main types of structure, one kind is the traditional boring rod telescopic structure, has the characteristics of deep hole boring and high-power cutting;The cond is the modern high-speed motorized spindle structure, with high speed, running speed, the advantages of high efficiency, high precision.
英语六级考试查询High-speed motorized spindle in the application of horizontal boring and milling machine more and more, in addition to the spindle speed and the precision is greatly incread, also simplifies the spindle box internal structure, shorten the manufacturing cycle, especially for high speed cutting, motorized spindle rotational speed up more than 10000
r/min.Shortcoming in power is restricted, the manufacturing cost is higher, especially not to carry on the deep hole
processing.And boring rod telescopic structure its speed is limited, the precision is not motorized spindle structure, but can carry on the deep hole processing, and big power, can be carried out at full capacity and processing, high efficiency, motorized spindle is incomparable.Therefore, a mixture of t
wo kinds of structure, process performance, provide urs with more choices. And developed a replaceable type spindle system, has ud a dual effect, urs choo to u according to the different processing object, namely the motorized spindle and boring bar can be ud to replace each other.This kind of structure of both the deficiency of the two structures, also greatly reduces the cost.Is a key initiative in today's horizontal boring and milling machine.Motorized spindle is that high speed cutting and the advantages of rapid feeding, greatly improve the accuracy and efficiency of the machine tool.生活大爆炸电视剧
Horizontal boring and milling machine running speed is higher and higher, the fast speed of 25 ~ 30 m/min, boring bar top speed of 6000 r/min.And the higher the speed of the horizontal machining center, fast moving up to 50 m/min, the acceleration of 5 m/s2, location accuracy is 0.008 ~ 0.01 mm, repeat positioning accuracy is 0.004 ~ 0.005 mm.
Floor-type milling and boring machine milling cutter
Becau of floor type milling and boring machine is given priority to with processing large parts, a wide scope of milling process, especially the large power, strong cutting milling and boring machine is be born a big advantage, this also is the traditional process of milling and boring machine the grou
nd concept.And technology development of contemporary French milling and boring machine, is changing the traditional concept and processing method, concept of high speed machining process are alternatives to traditional concept of heavy cutting at high speed, high precision and high efficiency to bring the change of the processing method, and thus promoted the floor-type milling and boring machine structural change and the improvement of technical level.
Floor-type milling and boring machine development today, the biggest characteristic is to the development of high speed milling are pillow (not boring axis) structure, and is equipped with various process performance of milling head attachments.This structure has the advantage of large cross ction of the ram, good rigidity, long stroke, moving speed, easy to install a variety of functional accessories, mainly high speed boring, milling head, two coordinates, the double pendulum Angle milling top, milling and boring machine will be born of process performance and the processing scope to achieve perfection, greatly improving the processing speed and efficiency.
Traditional milling processing via the boring bar, and modern milling, by all sorts of attachment through the slippery pillow to complete functions and has the trend of the alternatives to traditional machining, its advantage is not only the milling speed, high efficiency, more mainly for polyhedron and surface processing, this is a traditional processing method can't do.As a result, many manufactu
rers are racing to develop and produce pillow (no) boring axis high speed machining center, lies in its economy, technology advantage obviously, can greatly improve the technological level of machine tool and process.At the same time, and improve the machining precision and machining efficiency.Of cour, need different type of high precision milling head attachments for technical support, the request is also high.
High speed milling to floor type milling and boring machine brings the change of the structure, structure of the spindle box in common, which has high rigidity, suitable for high speed running.Ram drive structure adopt linear guide, linear motor drive, the structure is esntial for high speed cutting, foreign manufacturers have ud on console milling and boring machine, the domestic similar products are rare, and only in small and medium-sized specification machine adopts linear guide rail.High speed machining also puts forward higher requirements on environment, curity, which in turn creates a pleasant production concept, each manufacturer are attaches great importance to machine high speed running condition, protect the safety of the people and maneuverability, work station, pillar implement fully enclod structure, safe and beautiful.
The development trend
The development of heavy duty machine tools will prent two big trends.On the one hand, is a large flexible manufacturing technology with machining center or unit, large combined compound machine tool for the development direction, among them, horizontal boring and milling machine will be gradually replaced by the high speed machining center and flexible manufacturing unit.Floor-type milling and boring machine is given priority to with development of large combined compound machining center,
with two or more variegated host compound machine tools, to meet the large processing parts sheet small batch production, technology is complex, the auxiliary time, and the characteristics of the processing cycle is long, often by a process, it is difficult to complete all the machine and the two combined machining center was completely can be achieved.Such as: two compound machining center CNC gantry boring and milling machine, and the sharing of lathe bed and guide rail, respectively, with a rectangular table and a rotary table (index), can be boring and milling processing;A floor-type milling and boring machine with a large compound machining center CNC single column vertical lathe, common lathe bed guide rail, a landing platform and a rotary table, can complete car, boring, milling, drilling and other processing, rotary table can be divided into degrees.There are two large ground Shared bedway milling and boring machine, and other combinat
ions.Which save area, reduce the cost, also improve the machining efficiency.Another trend is the pursuit of refinement, improve the technological content of equipment manufacturing, reflect the characteristics of the machine safety, environmental protection and human.
Above all, contemporary horizontal boring and milling machine and floor type milling and boring machine technology is developing very fast, mainly reflected in the updated design concept and machine speed and manufacturing process level has greatly improved, on the other hand is a machine tool structure change is big, the application of new technology.Horizontal boring and milling machine structure to develop in the direction of high speed motorized spindle, floor to ram-type milling and boring machine boring axis (no) structure direction, attachment is high speed, multi-axis linkage function, the structural type of diversified development trend, this will be the new trend of developing the technology for a period of time to come
