各种菜名英文表达

更新时间:2023-06-26 21:13:43 阅读: 评论:0

 大部分中国菜(Chine cuisine)的传统命名具有简单明白、一目了然的特点。
•    一道中国菜的名称,主要包括:
•    主料(main material
•    辅料(auxiliary material
•    刀法(way of cutting
•    烹调方法(way of cooking)。
•    辣子炒鸡丁简称辣子鸡丁为例
•    “鸡肉为主料
•    “辣椒为辅料
•    “鸡丁为刀法
•    “为烹调方法
•    其英文可译为:
英语学习官网•    stir-fried diced chicken with green peppers
•    荤菜常用的主料主要是鸡、鸭、鱼、肉之类。
•    肉类有猪肉(pork)、牛肉(beef)、羊肉(mutton, lamb)等。
•    食谱recipe 
辅料包括各种蔬菜
•    菜花(cauliflower
•    白菜(Chine cabbage
•    洋白菜(cabbage
•    芹菜(celery
•    萝卜(turnip, radish
•    油菜(rape
•    菠菜(spinach
•    青椒(green pepper
•    茄子(eggplant
•    土豆(potato
•    黄瓜(cucumber
•    南瓜(pumpkin
•    冬瓜(white gourd
•    西红柿(tomato
•    蘑菇(mushroom
•    木耳(fungus
•    竹笋(bamboo shoot
•    豆腐(bean curd/tofu
在汉语中,各地同一种蔬菜有不同的叫法
•    “西红柿,有的叫番茄
•    “洋白菜,有的叫大头菜,还有的叫包心菜
•    还有素雅之别,比如
•    “鸡蛋又叫木须
•    “鸡爪又叫凤爪chicken claws
•    “竹笋片又叫玉兰片tender bamboo shoot slicetender sliced bamboo shoot
•    “蛋清又叫芙蓉,英文叫egg-white
中国烹饪技术刀工、刀法包括
•    切丁(cut into slices; dice
•    切块(cut into cubes/pieces
•    切片(slice
•    切末(mince
•    切丝(shred
•    切条(cut into straps
•    切段(cut into chunks
•    切柳(fillet
•    剁(pappchop
•    去骨(boning
•    去皮(skinning; peeling
•    刮鳞(scaling
•    剁末(smashing
•    雕、刻(carving
•    捣碎 mash
•    “猪肉丁可以说成pork dicediced pork
•    “羊肉片可以说成mutton slicesliced mutton
•    牛肉丝可以说成beef shredshredded beef
•    “猪肉丸子:可以说成pork ball
•    说到时,如果不特别说明,一般指猪肉
中国菜烹调方法包括
•    (stir-fry)
•    炸(fry; deep-fry
•    烘(roast
•    烤(roast; broil; grill; basting
•    焖(brai; stew
•    炖(stew
•    蒸(steam
•    煎(pan-fry
•    清炒(plain-fry
•    煨(simmer
•    煮(boil
•    熏(smoke
•    拌(mix
•    涮(instant boil
•    汆(quick-boil
•    干炸(dry deep-fry
•    烧(brai
•    爆(quick-fry
•    白灼(scald
规范的菜名的一般译法
第一种翻译方法——直译
1. 烹调方法+主料
•    炸鸡(fried chicken
•    烤鸭(roasted duck
•    炖鸭(stewed duck
•    清蒸鱼(steamed fish
•    熏鱼(smoked fish
•    爆虾(quick-fried shrimps
•    涮羊肉(instant boiled mutton; Mongolian fire pot
•    炸虾球(fried prawn balls
•    炒蟹粉(fried crab meat
•    炸凤尾鱼(fried anchovies
2. 烹调法+主料名 with 配料名
•    有时在汉语里,烹调方法常常忽略不说,而译成英语时,要添加上去。例如:
•    洋葱牛肉丝(stir-fried shredded beef with onion)、
•    冬笋鸡片(stir-fried chicken slices with bamboo shoots
•    芙蓉鸡片(stir-fried sliced chicken with egg-white 
•    板栗鸡翅 braid chicken wings with chestnuts
•    冬菇菜心 fried winter mushrooms with green cabbage
•    蟹粉鱼肚 stewed fish maw with crab meat
•    笋菇鸡丁 fried chicken cubes with bamboo shoots and mushrooms
•    蟹肉海参 fried a cucumber with crab meat
•    素什锦豆腐 braid bean curd with mixed vegetable
•    冬笋炒鱿鱼 fried squid with fresh bamboo shoots
3. 烹调法+主料名 with/in英语拼写调料名
•    有时还可以加上佐料,比如:
•    “红烧 braid/broiled with soy sauce/in brown sauce
•    “糖醋with sweet and sour sauce
•    “醋熘with vinegar sauce)。
•    “红烧鱼braid fish with soy sauce
•    “红烧肉” braid pork with brown sauce
•    “糖醋鱼片fried fish slices with sweet and sour sauce sweet and sour fried fish slices
•    “醋熘白菜fried Chine cabbage with vinegar sauce
•    盐水虾 boiled shrimps in salt water
•    红烧青鱼 braid/stewed carp with brown sauce
•    清炖甲鱼 stewed turtle in clear soup
4. 烹调法+加工法+主料名+with/in 调料名
•    洋葱牛肉丝 fried shredded beef with onion
•    茄汁牛肉片 fried sliced beef with tomato sauce
•    肉片烧豆腐 stewed sliced pork with bean curd
•    虾仁炒蘑菇 fried shelled shrimps with mushrooms
•    调整心态的方法红烧狮子头 stewed/braid minced pork balls with brown saucebraid giant meat ball
•    盐水螺片scalded sliced conch in salt water
第二种翻译方法——意译
  中式菜肴不仅讲究烹调艺术,其名称也讲究典雅,富于寓意,因此有些菜名根据主料和配料色或形的特点,或经烹调后菜肴的总体造型,起了个具有吉祥如意或富有艺术造型的典雅名称。
  对于这类菜名,只能采用意译的方法,舍形或舍音求意,将其原料和烹调方法全部照实译出。
•    龙凤会 stewed snake and chicken
•    全家福 stewed assorted meats/hotchpotch(杂烩)
•    蚂蚁上树 stir-fried starch noodles with minced meat
•    麻婆豆腐 Bean curd with minced pork in hot sauce
•    游龙戏凤 stir-fried prawns and chicken
第三种翻译方法——直译+意译
  还有些菜肴名称的部分术语,根据制作原料,择其色、香、味、形、音等特点,用表示吉祥喜庆等典雅的语言来表达,这对于缺乏中国文化背景知识的外国人来说,难以理解其含义。
  对于这种菜名的翻译,宜采用直译与意译相结合的办法,将典雅术语所含寓意直接译出。
•    红烧狮子头 stewed/braid minced pork balls with brown saucebraid giant meat ball
•    三鲜汤 soup with fish, shrimp and pork balls
•    翡翠虾仁 stir-fried shelled shrimps with peas
•    芙蓉鸡片 fried chicken slices with egg-white
第四种翻译方法——直译+解释
  我国地域广阔,各地民情、风俗不同,都有一些具有地方特色的名菜,其名称通常是地名/人名+菜名
  翻译时可采用直译地名/人名+菜名菜名+ in ……style”的格式来翻译。
•    北京烤鸭 Beijing roast duck
•    宫保鸡丁 fried diced chicken in Sichuan style; diced chicken with peanuts; sautéed () chicken cubes with chili (hot pepper) and peanuts
•    西湖醋鱼 West Lake vinegar fish
•    东坡肉 Dongpo braid pork
  有些菜名,源于历史典故或民间传说,其名称本身既不反映菜肴的原料,也不反映其烹调方法,若要讲清其含义,必须讲述一个故事,或者一段历史,作为菜名翻译则是无法解释清楚的。
  对于这类菜名的翻译,宜采用直译其名加解释的方法。例如:
  佛跳墙 Fotiaoqiang (Buddha jumping the wall)
  叫花鸡 beggar’s chicken (baked mud-coated chicken)
部分中餐菜名译法介绍
•    油爆大虾 Quick stir-fried pawns
•    拌三丝 Combination of shredded meat
•    盐水鸭 Salted duck
•    五香熏鱼 Smoked fish in five flavors
•    白斩鸡 Boiled tender chicken in soy sauce
•    水晶鱼冻 Crystal fish
•    辣白菜 Spicy Chine cabbage
•    糖拌西红柿 Sweat tomatoes
•    盐水虾 Salted prawns
•    蒜末拌黄瓜 Cucumbers with minced garlic
•    拌土豆丝 Shredded potatoes in light sauce
•    五香酱牛肉 Five-flavor beef
•    松仁玉米 sweet corn with pine nuts
•    家常鱼 Home-style fish
•    干烧鱼 Dry-fried fish
•    松鼠鱼 Sweet and sour fish in squirrel shape
•    糖醋鱼 Sweet and sour fish
•    凤尾鱼 Phoenix tail fish
•    清蒸鱼 Steamed fish
•    梅菜扣肉 Pig-belly with pickled vegetable
•    鱼香肉丝 Shredded pork with garlic sauce; Spicy shredded pork; fish-flavored shredded pork in hot sauce
•    京酱肉丝 Pork fillet in chilli sauce
•    鱼香茄子 Spicy eggplant with garlic sauce; fish-flavored eggplant
•    酸辣汤 Spicy and sour thick soup; hot and sour soup
•    葱爆牛肉 Fried beef with scallion
•    糖醋排骨Sweet and sour spareribs
•    红烧牛肉 Broiled beef; braid beef
•    盐水青毛豆 Boiled salty young soy beans
•    海蜇皮 Jellyfish
•    糖醋里脊 Sweet and sour boneless porktenderloin
•    木须肉 Stir-fried pork with eggs and black fungus
•    宫爆肉丁 Diced pork with hot peppers
•    牛肉丸 Beef meatballs
•    葱爆羊肉 Quick-fried lamb with scallions
•    羊肉串 shish kabob
•    脆皮鸡 Crispy-skin chicken
•    红烧鱼 Braid fish
•    西施奶油虾prawns with butter cream
•    炸虾球 Deep-fried shrimp balls
•    炒螃蟹 Fried crab
•    清蒸鳗鱼 Steamed eel
•    红烧海参 Braid a cucumber
•    红烧豆腐 Braid bean curd
•    麻婆豆腐 Bean curd with minced pork in hot sauce
•    家常豆腐 Home-style bean curd
•    沙锅豆腐 Bean curd in casrole(砂锅)
•    蛋花汤 Egg-drop soup
•    火腿冬瓜汤 Ham and white gourd soup
•    担担面 Spicy same noodles
•    炒面 Fried noodles
•    油焖笋尖 Braid bamboo shoots
•    泡菜 Pickled vegetables
•    锅贴 Pan-fried pork dumplings, fried dumplings
•    腰果虾仁 Shrimps with cashew nuts
•    炒饭 Fried rice
•    牛肉饺 Beef dumplings
•    猪肉饺 Pork dumplings
•    蒸饺 Steamed pork dumplings
•    水饺 Boiled dumplings
•    馄饨 Wonton
•    薄饼 Mandarin cakes
•    花卷 Steamed rolls steamed twisted roll
•    春卷 Spring roll; egg roll
•    拔丝香蕉 Hot candied bananas
•    拔丝苹果 Hot candied apples
•    拔丝地瓜 Hot candied sweet potatoes
•    豆沙包lady Sweet bean buns
•    鲍鱼 Abalone
•    扇贝 Scallops
•    墨鱼 cuttlefish
•    豆瓣鱼 Fish with hot bean sauce
•    竹笋 Bamboo shoots
•    豆芽 Bean sprout
•    苦瓜 balsam pearbitter melon
•    糖炒栗子 Fried chestnuts with sugar
•    芥蓝 Chine broccolicabbage mustard
•    韭菜 Chine chives; leek
•    洋葱 Onion
•    大葱 Spring onion; scallion
•    芋头 Taro
•    葱油饼 deep-fried scallion cake
•    主菜main cour; entrée
•    附菜side dish
•    山珍海味 delicacies from land and a
•    炒鳝背 fried eel back
•    芙蓉虾仁 shrimps with egg white
•    干烧桂鱼 fried mandarin fish in brown sauce
•    宫保大虾 sautéed prawns with hot pepper
•    红烧鱼翅 braid shark fin in brown sauce
•    清炖甲鱼 stewed soft-shelled turtle
•    糖醋黄鱼 sweet and sour yellow croaker
•    回锅肉 twice-cooked pork slices in brown sauce
•    椒盐排骨 spare ribs with pepper and salt
•    炸猪排 fried pork chop
•    铁扒牛排 grilled beefsteak
•    蛇油牛肉  sliced beef sautéed in oyster sauce
•    羊肉串 sliced mutton barbecue
•    炒双冬 sautéed mushrooms and bamboo shoots
•    什锦炒蔬 stirfried mixed vegetables
•    火腿鸡丝汤  shredded chicken and ham soup
•    鱼翅汤 shark fin soup
•    榨菜肉丝汤  shredded pork song with pickled tuber mustard
•    紫菜虾米汤 dried shrimps and red laver soup
•    鸡茸蘑菇汤 cream of mushroom with chicken
•    八宝饭 babao steamed rice with candled fruits and red bean paste filling
•    扬州炒饭全国四六级官网登录  Yangchow fried rice
•    炒米粉 fried ground rice noodles
•    糯米饭 cooked glutinous rice
•    粥;稀饭  congee rice gruel porridge
•    小米粥 millet gruel
•    冷面 cold noodles
•    咖喱牛肉面 noodle soup with sliced curry beef
•    炸酱面 noodles with fried brown sauce paste
•    油条 fried twisted stick
•    汤圆  glutinous rice dumpling in soup
•    小笼包子 steamed meat dumpling
•    粽子 Zongzi; rice dumpling wrapped in reed leaves
•    补酒 tonic liquor; wine (tonic滋补品)
Beijing roast duck 北京烤鸭
Sweet and sour pork 糖醋里脊
Mongolian hot pot 涮羊肉
Crispy chicken 脆皮鸡
Roast sucking pig 烤乳猪
Kung-pao chicken 宫爆鸡丁
Beancurd with pepper and chili sauce 麻婆豆腐
Salad 沙拉
Pen cakes 豌豆黄
Spring rolls 春卷
Sweet ears 糖耳朵
Won-ton soup 馄饨
Beef noodles 牛肉面
头盘餐前小品Appetizers
1.各式刺身拼Sashimi Platter
2.锅贴Pot Sticker
3.辣汁脆炸鸡腿Fried Chicken Legs (Spicy Hot)
4.鸡沙律Chicken Salad
5.酥炸大虾Fried Prawns
6.酥炸生豪Fried Oysters
7.酥炸鲜鱿Fried Squid
8.海哲分蹄Smoked Jelly Fish
9.五香牛展Special Beef
10.白云凤爪Chicken Leg
11.琥珀合桃Hou Special Honey Walnuts
12.脆皮春卷Spring Rolls
13.蜜汁叉烧B.B.Q. Pork
汤羹类Soup
1.花胶鲍鱼火鸭丝羹Congee Pike Maw With Roast Duck
2.红烧鸡丝翅Chicken Shark's Fin Soup
3.竹笙烩生翅Bamboo Shark Fin Soup
4.粟米瑶柱羹Corn with Dry Scallops Soup
5.竹笙海皇羹Bamboo Seafood Soup
6.鸡蓉粟米羹Corn & Chicken Soup
7.酸辣汤Hot & Sour Soup
8.法国海鲜汤French Style Seafood Soup
9.法国杂菜汤French Style Vegetable Soup
10.杂锦云吞汤Combination Won Ton Soup
11.芥菜肉片咸蛋汤Mustard Green Salted Egg Soup
12.火鸭咸蛋芥菜汤Roast Duck Salt Egg / Mustard Green
13.西葫牛肉羹West Lake Beef Soup
14.三丝烩鱼肚Fish Soup
15.蝴蝶海参羹Sea Cucumber Soup
16.四宝豆腐羹Steam Tofu Soup
龙虾蟹类Seafood (Lobster, Shrimp, Crab)
1.法式咖喱焗龙虾French Curry Lobster
2.法式芝士牛油焗龙虾Chee Lobster
3.上汤焗龙虾Special Style Lobster
4.蒜茸蒸龙虾Garlic Style Lobster
5.豉椒炒肉蟹Crab
6.上汤姜葱焗蟹Green Onion Crab
7.椒盐蟹Spicy Salt Crab
8.粉丝咖喱蟹煲Rice Noodle Curry Crab
虾鲜鱿贝类Seafood
1.菜远虾球Shrimp with Tender Green
2.白灼中虾Boil Shrimp
3.点桃虾球Walnut Shrimp
4.油泡虾球Crystal Prawn
5.柠檬虾球Lemon Prawn
6.咕噜虾Sweet & Sour Prawn
7.蒜茸蒸虾Steam Prawn w/ Garlic Sauce
8.四川虾球playing it straightSzechuan Shrimp
9.豆瓣酱鲜鱿Fresh Squid
10.虾龙糊Shrimp w/ Lobster Sauce
11.韭王象拔蚌Gold Chive Geoduck
12.韭王花枝片Gold Chive Squid
13.椒盐鲜鱿Pepper Salt Fresh Squid
14.豉汁炒三鲜Mixed Seafood w/ Black Bean Sauce
15.北京一模马拉盏炒鲜鱿Special Fresh Squid
16.碧绿炒带子Tender Green Scallop
17.双菇鲜带子Mushroom Fresh Scallop
18.豉汁炒大蚬Clam w/ Black Bean Sauce
19.姜葱生豪Oyster w/ Ginger, Green Onion
20.豉汁炒青口Musl w/ Black Bean Sauce
21.忍耐的意思豉汁豆腐蒸带子Tofu Scallop w/ Black Bean Sauce
海鲜鱼类Seafood (Fish)
1.清蒸游水石斑Steam Live Rock Cod
2.清蒸蒜茸带子Steamd Scallop w/ Garlic Sauce
3.豉汁煎焗塘虱Catfish w/ Black Bean Sauce
4.西安作品集培训清蒸龙利Flounder
5.清蒸海鲈Fomfret
6.蒸金钱片塘虱Steam Catfish
7.辣汁串烧鱼B & Q Fish Stick w/ Hot Sauce
8.西兰炒雪鱼球Pan Fried Snow Fish w/ Green
9.菜远石斑球Tender Green Rock Cod
10.豉汁石斑球Steam Rock Cod w/ Black Bean Sauce
11.油泡石斑球Crystal Rock Cod
12.川味石斑球Szechuan Rock Cod
13.骨香石斑球Fried Rock Cod Bone
14.咕噜石斑球Sweet & Sour Rock Cod
15.鱼腐扒菜胆Yu Fu w/ Vegetable
鸡鸭鸽Poultry
1.脆皮炸子鸡()Fried Chicken (Half)
2.红烧石岐项鸽Roast Pigeon
3.豉油皇乳鸽Pigeon w/ Soy Sauce
4.姜葱油淋鸡()Green Onion Chicken (Half)
5.北京片皮鸭Peking Duck
6.酸甜明炉烧鸭()Roast Duck (Half)
7.柠檬鸡球Lemon Chicken
8.西芹腰果鸡球Vegetable Cashew Chicken
9.咖喱鸡Curry Chicken
10.豉汁炒鸡球Chicken w/ Black Bean Sauce
11.四川炒鸡球Szechuan Chicken
12.菜远鸡球Chicken w/ Tender Green
13.宫保鸡球Kung Pao Chicken
14.豉汁黄毛鸡()Chicken w/ Soy Sauce
15.咕噜鸡Sweet & Sour Chicken
16.八珍发菜扒鸭()Combination Duck (Half)
17.子罗炒鸡片Ginger & Pineapple Chicken
18.游龙戏凤Chicken, Shrimp, Squid w/ Mixed Vegetable
19.龙凤琵琶豆腐Egg, Chicken, Shrimp, Steam Tofu
猪牛肉类Meat
1.酸甜咕噜肉Sweet & Sour Pork
2.菜远炒排骨Spareribs w/ Tender Green
3.豉椒排骨Spareribs w/ Black Bean Sauce
4.凉瓜炆排骨Bitty Melon Spareribs
5.京都骨Peking Spareribs
6.椒盐排骨Pepper Salt Spareribs
7.豉椒焖排骨Spareribs w/ Black Bean, Pepper
8.菜远炒牛肉Broccoli Beef
9.凉瓜炒牛肉Bitty Melon Beef
10.黑椒牛仔骨Black Pepper Short Rib
11.椒盐牛仔骨Pepper Salt Short Rib

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