四级阅读理解练习：水:粮食安全之源
四级阅读理解练习：水:粮食安全之源
Our planet is thirsty — thirsty becau it is hungry. It takes one thousand times more water to feed the human population than it does to satisfy its thirst.
Water lies at the core of sustainable development concerns, and its rational and equitable management is crucial for human survival. That was one of the key messages to ari from the World Summit on Sustainable Development2 that was held in Johannesburg this summer. Next years Third World Water Forum in Japan will address this issue in greater depth.
It is therefore fitting that this years World Food Day spotlights the role of water in food curity. Without water, there can be no food production. In fact, the agricultural ctor is the ur of 70 percent of the planets water supply. In a world in which per capita water avail
ability is declining, we need to focus on appropriate water management if we are to sufficiently increa food production, with a view to reduce hunger and malnutrition, and feed a population expected to ri to 8 billion in 30 yearstime.
Shortage of water threatens extensive agricultural regions in developing countries and fans the prospect of food cris. At prent, twenty countries do not have enough water to produce the food their populations need. In some cas, the overexploitation of water resources undermines future agricultural production, while in others, their underexploitation inhibits development.
The combined vicious impact of poverty, rising demand for food and insufficient availability of water therefore pos a rious challenge for world food curity and universal access to clean water. One billion people are deprived of clean water, and most of the people are also hungry. They live in rural areas and agriculture is their main source of income.
How are we to ensure water availability and food curity, while safeguarding the enviro
xxx comnment? At prent, more than one-third of the worlds food production comes from the irrigated areas that make up 16 percent of the planets arable land. Irrigated farming is at least twice as productive as rainfed farming3, and during the next 30 years some 70 percent of additional food production in developing countries should come from irrigated land.
It is urgent to avoid poor irrigation practices that have often led to diminishing water supplies, land degradation and spread of dia . Far too often, more water is being pumped than can possibly be recharged. Also , too much water is being lost along canals, becau of leakage , wastage , epage or evaporation. Too many schemes are losing productivity becau of inappropriate drainage, waterlogging and a build-up of salts in the soil.
We thus have to turn increasingly to adopt integrated watershed management, curb the upstream deforestation that generates flooding and erosion, and significantly increa investment in water control infrastructure. Finally, water u will be sustainable only if it is done in a socially equitable manner.
New water policy, and institutions and laws will facilitate the integrated management of river basins and water resources by all stakeholders, in a climate of transparency, accountability and social justice.
The cooperation of all development partners, the public, private and non-profit ctors at national and international level, will be indispensable to resolve conflicts of interest, mobilize substantial financial resources and create conditions for a fairer distribution of food and water.
The countries of Africa , the Middle East and southern Asia that are already facing rious water shortages will e their situation rapidly worn unless there is stronger solidarity between the regions of abundance and the regions of scarcity. Such solidarity is necessary if we are to avoid a proliferation and aggravation of tensions relating to water .
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阅读练习题：
Ⅰ. Fill in e ach bla nk with p rop er wo rds or p hra s from the p as sage :
1. Many people in Africa ( 剥夺) their rights of living peacefully.
2. A few of spies are planning to ( 破坏) the social stability.
3. Library is usually regarded as a ( 非盈利) organization.
Ⅱ. Question :
Why should we avoid poor irrigation practices?
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real estate 参考答案：
Ⅰ. 1. are deprived of 2. undermine 3 . non-profit
chinaeagle Ⅱ. Becau such practices have often led to diminishing water supplies, land degradation and spread of dia.
thereafter
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参考译文：
水:粮食安全之源
hook up
lovable 我 们的星球很渴。它之所以渴是因为它饥饿。它用于生产供养人类的粮食所需要的水比用于人类饮用的水多一千倍。
水是可持续发展关注的核心问题。对水进行公平合理的管理是人类生存的关键。这是今年夏天在约翰内斯堡举行的可持续发展首脑会议发出的主要信息之一。明年在日本举行的第三届“ 世界水论坛”将要更加深入地讨论这一问题。
奠基人的意思
因此, 今年的“ 世界粮食日”突显水在粮食安全中的作用是正逢其时的。没有水, 就不可能进行粮食生产。事实上, 地球上的供水量有70% 为于农业部门所用。世界上水的人均占有量正在下降, 必须对水进行适当集中管理才能充分提高粮食生产, 从而减少饥饿和营养不良, 为30 年后预计将达到80 亿的人口提供食品。
