hardly是什么意思习惯上后接to doing sth的名词
根据英语的搭配习惯，有些名词通常要后接to doing sth，而不接to do sth，因为其中的to是介词，而不是不定式符号。这类名词比较常用的有：
1. alternative 选择，可供选择的办法，替换
用于alternative to doing sth，其意为“代替……的选择”。如：
Unfortunately, there’s no practical alternative to driving. 遗憾的是，除了开车没有其他可行的方案。
Amalgamation was the only alternative to going bankrupt. 要想不破产，唯一的选择就是联合起来。
说明：have no alternative to doing sth与have no alternative but to do sth大致同义，均表示“除了做某事外没有其他的办法cctv9 dialogue”，但前一结构中的to是介词，后接动词要用动名词，后一
结构中的to为不定式符号。如：
He had no alternative to staying at home.= He had no alternative but to stay at home. 他没有别的办法，只好呆在家里。
另外，the alternative之后有时也接of doing sth，但此时不是表示“选择……代替……”而是表示同位关系。如：
We took the alternative of keeping quiet. 我们选择了保持沉默。
You have the alternative of marrying or remaining a bachelor. 你可以结婚也可以仍做单身汉，任你选择。
2. aversion 讨厌，憎恶
用于aversion to doing sth，表示“banished讨厌做某事”。如：
He had an aversion to getting up early. 他十分讨厌早起。
I have an aversion to traveling during the heat of August. 我讨厌在8月份的热浪中出去旅行。
She has an aversion to eating cow liver; it makes her ill. 她对牛肝很反感，这使她恶心。
3. dedication 专心致力，献身
用于one’s dedication to doing sth，表示“专心于做某事”。如：
His dedication to teaching gained the respect of his colleagues. 他专心致力于教学的精神赢得了同事们的尊敬。
偶尔也接不定式，尤其是用于have the dedication to do sth。如：
They had the dedication to continue their rearch in spite of the obstacles. 尽管有困难，但他们仍以献身精神继续进行研究。
4. dislikeinterface不喜爱，厌恶
Most of my friends feel a dislike to gambling. 我的大部分朋友都厌恶赌博。
I have a strong dislike to wearing such clothes in public. 我非常不喜欢在公共场合穿那样的衣服。
5. hindrance 妨碍
用于a hindrance to doing sth，表示对于做某事是一个妨碍。如：
Noi is a hindrance to studying. 噪音妨碍学习。
Poor health is a hindrance to finding a job. 身体不好对于找工作是一个妨碍。
6. key 答案，秘诀，关键
用于the key to doing sth，表示“做某事的关键”。如：
The humble potato may be the key to feeding the world’s population. 这不起眼的土豆有可能是解决全世界人口温饱的关键。
但是，若用于具体义表示“钥匙”，则可用a key to do sth。如：
Have you got a key to open this door? 你有开这扇门的钥匙吗?
注意，即使是表示“钥匙”，若是用于引申义，也是用the key to doing sth。如：
A chemical has been discovered that may be the key to unlocking the mysteries of Parkinson’s dia. 已经发现一种化学物质，可能是揭开帕金森氏病奥秘的钥匙。
7. objection 反对，异议
用于objection to doing sth，表示“学习英语的软件反对做某事”。如：
He had no objection to getting up early. 他对早起没有反对意见。
I have no objection to hearing your story again. 再听一遍你的故事，我没有异议。
Have you any objection to changing your working hours? 你反不反对改变你的工作时间?
有时动名词前可以带逻辑主语。如：
Do you have any objection to children reading such books? 你反对孩子们看这类书吗?
8. opposition 反对，抵抗，对抗
用于opposition to doing sth，表示“反对做某事”。如：
There will be considerable opposition to increasing the budget. 对增加预算有大量的反对意见。
There continues to be overwhelming opposition to cutting school funding. 英语六级英语削减学校资金一事一直为绝大多数人所反对。皮肤黑粗糙>宾语从句练习
有时动名词前可以带逻辑主语。如：
He has an opposition to my doing so. 他反对我这样做。
My father had keen opposition to my buying a car. 我父亲强烈反对我买汽车。
9. priority 优先，优先权
主要用于give (top) priority to doing sth，意为“优先考虑做某事”“给予做某事优先权”“将做某事列为重点be ud to”。如：
withpleasure
The Government gave priority to reforming the legal system. 政府将改革法制列为工作的重点。
The government should give top priority to rebuilding the inner cities. 政府应该优先重建城内旧中心区。
10. resistance 阻力，抵抗，反抗
用于resistance to doing sth，表示“做某事的阻力”。如：
There is still much resistance to carrying out this plan. 要执行这一计划仍有很大阻力。
