1 what made the relationship between Parliament and Elizabeth I turbulent?
The two factors that made Elizabeth’s relationship with Parliament turbulent were as follows: Parliament wishes its customary (adj习惯法) right of speech confirmed(确定)in writing; and it wanted to be allowed to start discussion of important question at will, not by invitation. Elizabeth would not permit either thing.
2 who is the greatest writer in the English language?
William Shakespeare
3 What is the major role of the British Parliament?
The major function of the British Parliament are: a to pass the laws; b to vote the taxation and provide money for the government;c to examine government policies;d to debate the major issues of the day.
4 What is the relationship between Elizabeth I and the Parliament like?
Generally speaking, Elizabeth was able to work with Parliament, but the relationship was often turbulent.
5 What was the policy of the British government for the 13 colonies in North America?
The policy of the British government for the 13 America colonies was to bring their development under control and to collect more taxes from the colonies.
6 What caud the Second World War?
The Second World War was the result struggle between the great powers for control of the world and military expansion of the countries of Nazi Germany, Fascist Italy and militarist Japan.
7 What is the general view of education in America?
The general view of education in America is that every America has the right and obligation to become educated.
8 What are the two largest North Island rivers in New Zealand?
They are Waikato and Wanganui.
mgv9 List the four main centres of population in Canada?
The four main centres of population in Canada are towns of Atlantic Coast, cities of southern Quebec and Ontario, the plain areas and the Pacific Coast of British Columbia.
10 What does “Red Centre” refer to in Australia?
It refers to an area with red-brown and tan soils in the heart of the country.
11 The British Commonwealth:is a free association of independent countries that were once colonies of British. It was founded in 1931, and has 50 member countries until 1990.
12 Whigs (in Britain): The name of Whigs originated with the Glorious Revolution. It was know by the nickname. It was a derogatory name for cattle drivers. Looly speaking, the Whigs were supported the right to religious freedom for Nonconformists.
13 New Deal was a program put forward by President Roovelt to overcome the Great Depression in the 1930s.
14 Counterculture (反主流文化) was a movement of revolt against the moral values, the aesthetic standards, the personal behaviour and the social relations of conventional society.(模一)
1 What did Henry VIII do in his religious reform?
He got rid of the English Church’s connection with the Pope. He made an independent Church of England. He dissolved all of England’s monasteries and nun
neries. He made himlf Supreme Head of the church of England.
2 What was the big event that happened in England in 1066?
In 1066, England was conquered by the Norman who were led by William.
3 What is the difference between an academic high school and a technical high school?
An academic high school only aims at preparing students for college while a technical high school provides students with a variety of occupations and vocations.
4 What agreement did America and Britain sign in 1783 by which Britain recognized the Independent of the United Sates?
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Treaty of Paris.
5 What is the most typical America holiday that was by the Pilgrims?
Thanksgiving Day
6 What are the America’s three cornerstones of the postwar economic boom from 1945 to 1960?
Automobile, housing, and defence industries 防御
7 What are the two layers of rule in the U.S. system of government?
Federal, state.
8 What is the official language in Ireland?
There are two official languages in Ireland. They are English and Irish.
9 How many provinces and territories is Canada made up of?
It made up of ten provinces and two territories.
10 Why is New Zealand considered to be the first country to get the new day?
Becau it lies just west of the International Date Line and it has one time zone.
11 Bloody Mary: During the Queen Mary’s reign, at least 300 Protestants清教徒were burnt as heretics异教徒. People call her “Bloody Mary”.
12 Checks and Balances: It is a system ud by the U.S. Constitution. According to the checks and balances system powers are divided among government branches and the branches check each other.
13 There three waves of immigration to America: The first wave of immigration to America was the mid 1805-1845, the cond between 1860-1890, and the third between 1890-1914.
14 Black Thursday: Black Thursday referred to October 24, 1929, the day when the stock market in the United States collapd. Tens of millions of shares were dumped on the market and billions of dollars of paper profits were wiped out within a few hours.(模二)
1 What were the three caus of Henry VIII’s religious reform?
A desire for change and reform in the Church had been growing for many years and now, encouraged by the success of Martin Luther, many people believe its time had come;the privilege特权 and wealth of the clergy were also rented;and Henry deeded money.
2 What is the role of the Monarchy in the British government?
The United Kingdom is a constitutional monarchy, the head of the State is a queen or king. The Unite Kingdom is governed, in the name of queen now, by Her Majesty’s Government. The Queen is the symbol of the whole nation. She summons召唤and dissolves解散 Parliament. She gives Royal Asnt to Bills pasd by Parliament.
3 What does “Oxbridge” refer to in Great Britain?
It refers to the universities of Oxford and Cambridge.
4 What is the full name of the Unite K
ingdom?
The Unite Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.
5 What international influence did the American War of Independence have?
For instance, the colonies in Spanish America ro up one after another to overthrow Spanish colonies rule.receive怎么读
6 What was the Marshall Plan?
In order to protect Western Europe from possible Soviet expansion, the U.S. decided to offer Western Europe countries economic aid. This later came to be called the Marshall Plan.
7 America high school can be divided into veral kinds. What are they?
They are comprehensive, academic, vocational and technical school.
8 What are the two rious weakness of the Articles of Confederation?
They were: 1 there was no national executive or law- enforcing branch and 2 Congress had no power to rai taxes.
9 How many states are there in Australia? And how many territories?
There are six states and two territories.
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10 the Church of England: is a state church supported by British Government. The king is head of the Church of England.
11 tertiary colleges第三等级;专科学校: in Britain offer a range of full-time and part-time vocational cours for students over 16, as well as academic cours.
12 the U.S. federal system: The U.S. Constitution ts up a federal system of government which has two layers of rule. There is central or federal government for the nation which alone has the power to answer question that affect the nation as a whole. There are also state and local governments. Each layers of government has parate and distinct powers laid down in the Constitution.
13 built environment: It refers to tho part of the environment built by people or changed by people.(模三)
1 When did the Renaissance begin in England?
In England, the Renaissance was usually thought of as beginning with the accession of the Hou of Tudor to the throne in 1485.
2 Which party did Margaret Thatcher reprent in the 1970’s?
She reprented the Conrvative Party.
3 What were the two events which most alarmed the British ruling class in the closing decades of the 18th century?
dutchThey were the America War of Independence and the French Revolution.
4 What were the two groups of the Chartists?
The Chartists could be divided into two groups: the Moral Force Chartists and the Physical Force Chartists. The former wanted to realize their aims by peaceful means while the later wanted to achieve their purpo by violence.
5 Who appoints the U.S. federal judges and who confirms确认 the appointments约定?
2011格莱美The President appoints the U.S. federal judges. The Senate confirms this.
6 Who were the Federalists?
Tho who has argued successfully in the convention for national system and who took the lead in urging ratification, called themlves Federalists.
7 What were some of the features in the development of America economy in the early 20th century?
Some of the features were a growth of industrial and financial mergers合并, a mushr
oom growth of cities and a rapid development of new technology.
8 according to the 1994 Carnegie Classification of Institutions of Higher Education, there are different kinds of institutions of higher education in America. What are the major kinds of them?
The major kinds of the institutions of higher education in America are rearch universities, doctoral universities, masters’ comprehensive colleges and universities, liberal arts colleges, junior colleges and specialized institutions.
9 What caud the Easter Uprising of 1916 in Ireland and how did it end?
Growing nationalism and the demand for lf-government caud the Easter Uprising of 1916. It ended with the signing of the Anglo-Irish Treaty to establish an Irish Free State.
10 What is the weather like in Australia?
The climate is generally hot and dry.
11 Benefit of clergy: referred to the privilege given to clerks in English history. At that time clerks charged with criminal offences were tried in the Bishop’s courts could not inflict corporal punishment.
12 William Shakespeare: He was born in 1564 and died in 1616. As a dramatist and poet, he is generally regarded as the greatest writer in the English language. He wrote 37 plays.
13 The Articles of Confederation: It was the first constitution of the United States of America. It was adopted at the Second Continental Congress and ud during the War of Independence against British.
14 bank holidays: are also called official public holidays. The term “Bank Holiday” goes back to the Bank Holidays Act of 1871, which owns its name to the fact that banks are clod the days specified.(模四)
1 Who established the Norman rule in England?
The Norman leader William established the Norman rule in England in 1066.
2 Who were the first exponents of the English Renaissance?
They were William Shakespeare Christopher Marlowe and Ben Jonson.
3 How many Members of parliament does the Hou of Commons in the U.K. consist of?
It consists of 651 Members of Commons.
4 What is the significance of the Hundred Years’War?
The expulsion of the English from France is a blessing for both countries : the superior size and wealth of France would certainly have hindered(阻碍)the development of a parate English national identity, while France national identity was hindered so long as a foreign power occupied so much France territory.
5 What does the American War of Independence show?
The American War of Independence shows that in a just war, a weak nation can defeat a strong one.
6 What caud the American Civil War?
Black slavery caud the American Civil War.
7 What are the three principal functions of the higher education in the United State?
The three principal functions are teaching, rearch, and public rvice.
8 When and where was the first English colony in the America founded?
The first English colony in America was founded at Jamestown, Virginia, 1607
9 What is the we
ather like in Canada in winter?
Generally speaking, the climate in Canada is unfavorable; much Canada has long and cold winter with deep snow.
10 Why did Ireland keep out of World War II?
Ireland keep out of World War II to demonstrate its continued displeasure with the British.
11 The Great Charter has been also known as Magna Carta which the English barons forced King John to sign in 1215. It limited the King’s powers. It has been regarded as the foundation of English li
berties.
12 Roundheads were supporters of Parliament in the English Civil Wars. They were called Roundheads becau of their short haircuts.
13 The Industrial Revolution refers to the mechanization of industry and the conquent changes in social and economic organization in British in the 18th and 19th century.
14 The Canadian Shield covers almost half of Canada and it is a micircular band of rocky highlands and plateaus around Hudson Bay from the northern shores of Quebec to the Arctic shores of the Northwest Territories. (模五)
1 What was the effect of the destruction of the Spanish Armada?
The destruction of the Spanish Armada showed England’s superiority as a naval power.
2 What was the peculiar feature of the feudal system of England?
The peculiar feature was that all landowners, whether the tenants-in-chief or subtenants, took the oath of allegiance for the land they held, not only to their immediate lord, but also to the King.
3 What were the contents of the Bill of Rights pasd by the English Parliament in 1689?
It excluded any Roman Catholics from the succession to the English throne. It confirmed the supreme power of the Parliament and guaranteed free speech within the Parliament.
4 How is the British Hou of Commons elected?
The Hou of Commons is elected by universal adult suffrage and it consists of 651 Members of Parliament.
5 What are the two major political parties in Britain?
Conrvative Party and Labor Party
6 What caud the First World War?
The First World War was the result of fierce struggle between two imperialist power groups for colonies, markets and spheres of influence, and of an inten arms race.
7 What were the two groups of the New Right in America in late 1970s and early 1980s?
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The two groups of people were the firm believers of Protestant religious teachings who were more concerned with social and moral issues, and the intellectuals who were more concerned with political and foreign policy issues.
8 What is the general view of the Americans on education?
It is a general view that every American has the right and the obligation to become educated.
9 What is the capital city of Canada? What is the largest city?
Ottawa, Toronto.
10 Who is the first European visited New Zealand? And who is the first British discoverer?
The first European to visit New Zealand was a Dutchman, Abel Tasman. The first Englishman to visit New Zealand was captain James Cook of the British R
oyal Navy.
hooters11 British’s two-party system: the two major parties in Britain are the Conrvative Party and the Labor Party and since 1945 either of the two parties has held power.
12 Renaissance: was the transitional period between the Middle Ages and modern times in Europe, covering the years C1350-C1650. The Renaissance was a period of significant achievement and change.
13 Multiculturalism: means to recognize that Australians are from different backgrounds and social cohesion is attained by tolerating different within an agreed legal and constitutional framework.
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14 Manifest Destiny: refers to the theory that said it was right for the United States to expand territory. (模六)
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1 What was the significance of the English Civil War?
It not only overthrew feudal system in England but also shook the foundation of the feudal rule in Europe. It is generally regarded as the beginning of modern world history.
2 What was the open field system like in England in history?
Under the system, villages were surrounded by 3 great hedgeless fields. The field were divided into strips and shared out among the villagers. One great field was left “fallow” each year so that its soil recovered richness.
3 Why should Parliament be reformed in Britain in the first half of the 19th century?
Becau power was monopolized by the aristocrats, reprentation was unfair and there were various rotten or pocket boroughs.
4 What are the three parts of the English Parliament?
Sovereign, Hou of Lords, Hou of Commons.
5 What is the Irish Republic Army? What is its approach to the problem of Northern Ireland?
Irish ultranationalists who started violent opposition to the Anglo-Irish Treaty of 1921 t up the Republican Army. They demand that Northern Ireland should be united with the Republic of Ireland.
6 What are the two major political parties in the United States?
The two major political parties in America are the up the Republican Party and the Democratic Party.
7 What is the federal judicial system of the United States made up of?
The United States federal judicial system is made up of the Supreme Court, 11 courts of appeals, 91
district courts and 3 courts of special jurisdiction.
8 What has the first ten amendments to the U.S. constitution been known as?
The Bill of Rights
9 What are the original people of New Zealand called? What is their culture called?
Maoris, maoritanga.
10 What is the most significant feature of Irish Landscape, which covers all the mountains and large areas of lowlands?
Bogs remain the most significant feature of Irish landscape. They occur on all the mountains and cover large areas of the lowlands.
11 The Hundreds Year’s War: refers to the intermittent war between France and England that lasted from 1337 to 1453.
12 established Churches: There are two established churches in Britain, that is, churches legally recognized as official churches of the state: in England the churc