英文缩读和弱读规律表(免费)很好哦--

更新时间:2023-06-23 04:17:02 阅读：评论：0

Contractions 缩读

美语节奏分明，轻重分明，这说到底就是该重读的时候重读，该弱读的时候弱读，千万不能把时间平均分配个句子中的每一个词。美语中不仅会把该弱读的词弱读，甚至有时候会省略某些音，使说话和朗读更加自然流畅，这种现象称作缩读。不过要提出一点，缩读和吞音决不能等同。有的人在说英语的时候随意会吞掉一些音不发出来，导致别人根本不知道他在说什么。缩读是英美人习惯的发音方式，字有一套规则约束，决不能任意而为，所以丝毫不会影响理解也不会引起误解。

注意：缩读往往被受过教育的美国人视作不规范的英语，所以正式场合不能用缩读。但是在日常生活中，这些缩读又在大量应用，所以我们不得不有所了解。以下列出的是常用缩读，希望大家细心体会其中的演变过程，会有助于全面理解英语发音的特点。

美语缩读的具体情况请参看下表。

Standard 标准形式	Contraction缩读形式	Examples例句	Note补充说明
and	’n	You ‘n me. I want some cream’n sugar.
are	’re	They’re gone.
are you	ya	What ya doing here?
are you	如果are you后面没有其他词语的时候不能缩读How are you成 How ya?
becau	’cau	I don’t eat chocolate’ cau I have bad teeth.
could have	could’a妈的英文怎么说	You could’a finished iit if he had hurried up
should have	shoulk’a
could not have	couldn’a	He couldn’a done that to me
should not have	shouldn’a
would not have	wouldn’a
can	supermarket的读音 c’n	I c’n always make it.
Can’t不能缩读
come	c’m	C’m on! 如果come处于句尾，则不能缩读
did you	didja	How didja make it?
did you	如果did you后面是以e或a开头的单词，则缩读成’dj’ [??]，并直接与后面的元音连读。Did you ask her?=’dj’ ask her?
do you	’dy’a	How ’dy’a feel now? How’dy’a like the movie?
does she	dushi	Dushi like music?
don’t know	dunno	I dunno what to say now. 如果don’t know后面没有其他词，则一般不缩读。
for	fer	Here’s a letter fer you.

give me圣诞习俗	gimme	Gimme that bottle!
going to	gonna	I am gonna give him a surpri. gonna的用法是：be gonna do sth.
got to	gotta	I gotta e him right now. gotta do sth.
good-bye	g’bye	I’ll talk to ya tomorrow. G’bye!
good night	g’night
had better	better	He better watch his mouth.
have to	hafta	I hafta hurry to office right now..
has to	hasta
had to	hadda
he	’e[I]	Who is’e? 如果he处于句首，则不用缩读。
he/she has	三年级英语he’as	He ’as a hou at the beach.
her	’er	This is ’er husband.
him	’im[Im]	Tell ’im the story.
his	is[Is]	What’s ’is favorite food? his处于句首，则不用缩读
how does	how’s[hauz]	How’s he like the prent？
in front of	in fronna	He church is in fronna of the drugstore.
两个感恩节的绅士Kind of	kinda	It’s kinda tough.
-ing	-in’ [In]	Where ya goin’? What ya doin’ now?
is that	izat	Izat your wife?
leave me	lee’me	Lee’me alone!

义务兵役

let me	lem’me	Lem’me have a look at it!
old	ol’	It’s an ol’ table.
or	’r	Do you like ice cream’r candy?
of	a o’	It’s kinda tough.
out of	outta	Get outta here! 注意这里的t 浊化，发音为oudda
probably	prob’ly	He’ll prob’ly come for dinner.
some	s’m	wotan Want s’m food?
sure	sher	Sher, I want some bread. 还有惯用表达法For sure!发成For sher!
them	’m/ ’em	I hate’m.
to	ta	You better go to the doctor. 注意此时t 应浊化，发成da.
want to	wanna	I wanna go outside to get some fresh air.
		wanna的用法是： wanna do sth.
what	wud	Wud if we went outside for a walk?
what are you	wachya/wacha	wachya/wacha doin’ now> wachya/wacha不用在词尾
what did you	wudidya wudiya	wudja Wudidya learn today?
what do you	wuddy’a	Wuddy’a do for a living?
what does	what’s	What’s he do for a living?
what is the	what’s a	What’s a matter?
you	ya y’	Catch ya later. Would ya like something to drink?
	Did y’ever meet him before? y’用在元音之前，例如y’ever发成

Weak Forms 弱读

在英语中，与句重音相对应的出现的是非重读音节，它们一起构成了句子的高低起伏，强弱交替的节奏模式，形成具有表意功能的连贯句子。这些非重读音节体现在单个单词中就是常说的某些单音节的弱读或非重读（unstresd syllable）。英语是节奏感很强的语言，要掌握好英语节奏，首先要熟悉强读式(strong forms)和弱读式(weak forms)，它对语言连贯、流畅性起着重要的作用。

一、强读和弱读

强读和弱读实际就是重读和弱读，一句话中至少有一个重要的音节要重读，其他音节相应弱读。重读音节从音高和音强上应该big, strong, important loudly,非重读音节（弱读）就应该是weak or small or quiet。

强读和弱读通过一定形式在句子中体现，英语中有接近五十多个单音节词有两种读音形式：弱读形式和强读形式。在连贯的语言中弱读形式的使用比强读形式更多，更重要。重读或强读形式其实是单个单词发音的基本形式，即音标中的读音形式，而弱读形式从音质

上和强读形式比较起来短而轻；在前面学习中，我们知道短元音/ə/和/i/常出现在非重读音节中，因此多数弱读形式体现也以/ə/或/i/体现。

二、弱读形式

从上一单元可以知道，在英语句子中，实词一般要重读虚词弱读，其中有弱读形式的单音节词根据不同类别可以分为以下几种：

冠词、人称代词、be动词、助动词、情态动词、单音节介词、单音节、连词以及其他特殊词。其弱读形式见表

从表8-1中，我们对五十多个单音节词的弱读形式进行归纳，得出三个规律：

1) 弱读形式以/ə/为主,大部分的弱读形式都和/ə/有关，极少部分与/i/和/u/有关,如 a /ə/, some /səm/; who /hu,u/ my /mi/。

2）如果单词是发长音，其弱读形式一般变成相应短音，如：

be /bi/been /bin/her /hə/等。

3）在语流很快时或者可以缩略的单词中，常常只出现辅音，如 will/l/is /z,s/am /m/等。

诧异

弱读形式单词		Weak forms and Example
Article冠词	a	/ə/ a book, in a minute,
	an	/ən,n/ an hour, in an hour,
	the	/ðə/辅音前,/ði/元音前 the book, the apple
Be动词	am	/əm//m/ What am I to do?
	is	/z,s/ He’s at home.
	are	/ə/,/ər/元音前 What are you doing?
	be	/bi/ Don’t be late.
	been	/bin/ You’ve been a long time.
	was	/wəz/ He was a rich man.
	were	/wə/ What were you doing?
助动词	have	/həv,əv,v/ Have you been to Shanghai?
	has	/həz,əz,z,s/ The bus has gone.
	had	/həd,əd,d/ The room had been rerved.
	do	/du,də,d/ What do you want?
	does	/dəz,z,s/ How does it work?
情态动词	will	/l/ I’ll do it.
	would	/wəd,əd,d / What would you like?
	should	/ʃəd,ʃd / What should I say?
	could	/kəd,kd / I wish I could do something for you.
	must	泄露的意思/məst/ He must go now.
	can	/kən,kn/ What can I do to make up you?
	shall	/ʃəl,ʃl/ I shall wait for you.

短小连词	that	/ðət,ðt/ This is the best that I can do.
	as韩语翻译在线	/əz/ as long as, do as I do
	but	/bət/ It’s old but uful.
	and	/ənd,nd,ən,n / you and me, a cat and a dog
	than	/ðən,ðn/ It’s more than I want.
	such	/sətʃ/ I never heard of such thing.
短小介词	at	/ət/ at six, at school
	of	/əv,v,ə/ a lot of money, one of the book
	off	/əf/ take off
	to	/tə,u/ Do you want to go? I’d love to.
	for	/fə/ Is this for you? for a long time
	from	/frəm/ She just come back from Italy.
人称代词	he	/hi,i/ What did he say? He told me a story.
	him	/im/ I write him a letter.
	his	/iz/
	she	/ʃi/ What did she say? She’s fine
	her	/hə,ə,/ I gave her the book.
	me	/mi/ You make me happy.
	us	/əs/ They told us to go.
	you	/ju/ What’re you doing? How do you do?
	your	/jə/,/jər/(元音前)
	them	/ðəm/,/ðm/,/m/ If I saw them,I’ll tell them that.
	we	/wi/ We’d like a drink.
	who	/hu/, /u/ Who are you?
	my	/mi/ Do you know my brother?

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