The Academic Word List (AWL)
英语学术词汇表
1. What is the AWL?
AWL (《英语学术词汇表》) 是一个由Victoria University of Wellington, New Zealand 的一些应用语言学家统计出来词
汇表，它包含了的学术英语(English for Academic Purpo)中最常用的570个词目(headwords)，每一个词目下面还列出
了该词目的相关变化形式。
例如：词目“analy”就包含以下相关联的词汇：analyd, analyr, analyrs, analys, analysing, analysis, analyst, analysts, analytic, analytical, analytically, analyze, analyzed, analyzes, analyzing 。
其中斜体字，analysis，在学术英语中最为常见。
2. What are the 10 sublists of the AWL？
AWL分十个sublists (小组)。除了第十小组包含30个词目外，其他小组均含有90个词目。Sublist 1（第一组）包含的词汇最常用，sublist 2（第二组）中的词汇使用频率稍低，其他的sublists 依次类推。AWL 中的每一个词目后都有
一个数字，它代表了该词目是属于AWL中的哪一组。例如abandon 8就表示abandon是属于第八小组的词目。
3. Where to find the AWL?
本文件的附录以字母先后排列出了所有的AWL 词目。
登陆网页language./staff/awl/headwords.shtml 能看到570个词目（headwords）。
如果你想得到每一个词目下面所包含的相关单词，请登陆language./staff/awl/sublists.shtml, 该网页能下载所有的单词。
THE ACADEMIC WORD LIST (E - O)
abandon v. go away from (a person or thing or place) not intending to return; forsake; dert
abstract adj. existing in thought or as an idea but not having a physical or practical existence
academy n. school for special training
access n. ~ means of approaching or entering (a place); way in
accommodate v. provide lodging or room for
accompany v. walk or travel with (sb) as a companion or helper; escort
accumulate v. gradually get or gather together an increasing number or quantity of get (sth) in this way
accurate adj. free from error
achieve v. gain or reach (sth), usu by effort, skill, courage, etc
acknowledge v. accept the truth of admit (sth)
acquire v. gain (sth) by one's own ability, efforts or behaviour
adapt v. ~ sth (for sth) make sth suitable for a new u, situation, etc; modify sth
adequate adj. ~ satisfactory in quantity or quality; sufficient
adjacent having a common endpoint or border also immediately preceding or following
adjust v. put (sth) into the correct order or position; arrange
administrate v. to administer
adult adj. grown to full size or strength
advocate v. speak publicly in favour of (sth); recommend; support
affect v. have an influence on (sb/sth); produce an effect on
aggregate v. ~ sb (fml ) be formed or bring sb into an asmbled group or amount
aid n. help
albeit conj although
宁为妓不为师allocate v. ~ sth allot or assign sth (to sb/sth) for a special purpo
alter v. become different; change in character, position, size, shape, etc
alternative adj. available in place of sth el; other
ambiguous adj. having more than one possible meaning
英语四级听力蒙题技巧
amend v. correct an error in (sth); make minor improvements in; change slightly
analogy n. ~ partial similarity between two things that are compared
analy v. parate into its parts in order to study its nature or structure
annual adj. happening every yearasterix
anticipate v. expect
apparent adj. clearly en or understood; obvious
append v. ~ sth (fml ) attach or add sth (esp in writing)
appreciate v. understand and enjoy (sth); value highly
approach v. come near or nearer to in space or time
appropriate adj. ~ suitable; right and proper
approximate adj. almost correct or exact but not completely so
arbitrary adj. bad on personal opinion or impul, not on reason
area n. extent or measurement of a surface
aspect n. particular part or feature of sth being considered
asmble v. come together; collect
asss v. ~ sth decide or fix the amount of sth
assign v. ~ sth to sb give sth to sb as a share of work to be done or of things to be ud
assist v. ~ in/with sth; ~ (sb) in doing sth (fml ) help
assume v. accept as true before there is proof
assure v. tell (sb) positively or confidently
attach v. ~ sth fasten or join sth (to sth)
attain v. succeed in getting (sth); achieve
attitude n. ~ way of thinking or behaving
attribute v. ~ sth to sb/sth regard sth as belonging to, caud by or produced by sb/sth
author n. writer of a book, play, etc
authority n. power to give orders and make others obey
automate v. cau to operate by automation
available adj. that can be ud or obtained
aware adj. ~ of sb/sth; ~ having knowledge or realization of sb/sth
behalf n. on behalf of sb/on sb's behalf; US in behalf of sb/in sb's behalf as the reprentative of or spokesman for sb; in the interest of sb
benefit n. profit; gain; future good (ud esp with the vs and preps shown)
bias n. opinion or feeling that strongly favours one side in an argument or one item in a group orries; predisposition; prejudice
bond n. written agreement or promi that has legal force; covenant
brief adj. lasting only a short time; short
bulk n. size, quantity or volume, esp when great
capable adj. having ability; able; competent
capacity n. ability to hold or contain sth
category n. class or group of things in a complete system of grouping
cea v. come or bring (sth) to an end; stop
challenge n. ~ (to do sth) invitation or call (to sb) to take part in a game, contest, fight etc to prove who is better, stronger, more able, etc
channel n. sunken bed of a river, stream or canal
chapter n. (usu numbered) division of a book
chart n. detailed map ud to help navigation at a, showing coasts, rocks, the depth of the a, etc chemical adj. of or relating to chemistry
circumstance n. condition or fact connected with an event or action
cite quote; commend
at timescivil adj. of or relating to the citizens of a country
clarify v. (cau sth to) become clear or easier to understand
classic adj. having a high quality that is recognized and unquestioned; of lasting value and importance
clau n. group of words that includes a subject1(4a) and a verb, forming a ntence or part of a ntence code n. (system of) words, letters, symbols, etc that reprent others, ud for cret messages or for prenting or recording information briefly
coherent adj. connected logically or consistent; easy to understand; clear
coincide v. ~ (of events) occur at the same time or occupy the same period of time as sth el
collap v. fall down or in suddenly
colleague n. person with whom one works, esp in a profession or business
commence v. begin (sth); startgenuineleather
comment n. ~ written or spoken remark giving an opinion on, explaining or criticizing (an event, a person, a situation, etc)
da scommission n. ~ action, task or piece of work given to sb to do
commit v. do (sth illegal, wrong or foolish)
commodity n. thing bought in a shop and put to u, esp in the home
communicate v. ~ sth make sth known; convey sth
community n. the community the people living in one place, district or country, considered as a whole
compatible adj. ~ (of people, ideas, arguments, principles, etc) suited; that can exist together
compensate v. ~ for sth give (sb) sth good to balance or lesn the bad effect of damage, loss, injury,etc;
compile v. ~ sth (for/from sth) collect (information) and arrange it in a book, list, report, etc
complement n. ~ thing that goes well or suitably with sth el, or makes it complete
complex adj. made up of (usu veral) cloly connected parts
component n. any of the parts of which sth is made
compound n. thing made up of two or more parate things combined together
comprehensive adj. that includes everything
compri v. have as parts or members; be made up of
compute v. ~ sth calculate sth with a computer
conceive v. become pregnant
concentrate v. ~ (sth) (on sth/doing sth) focus (one's attention, effort, etc) exclusively and intenly on sth, not thinking about other less important things
concept n. ~ idea underlying sth; general notion
conclude v. ~ (with sth) (usu fml ) come or bring (sth) to an end
concurrent adj. ~ existing, happening or done at the same time
conduct n. person's behaviour
confer v. ~ (with sb) (on/about sth) have discussions (esp in order to exchange opinions or get advice)
confine v. ~ sb/sth keep (a person or an animal) in a restricted space
confirm v. provide evidence for the truth or correctness of (a report, an opinion, etc); establish the truth of conflict n. struggle; fight
conform v. ~ keep to or comply with (generally accepted rules, standards, etc)
connt v. ~ give agreement or permission
conquent adj. ~ (fml ) following sth as a result or an effect
considerable adj. great in amount or size
consist v. (phr v) consist of sth be compod or made up of sth
constant adj. going on all the time; happening again and again
constitute v. (fml ) make up or form (a whole); be the components of
constrain v. make (sb) do sth by strong (moral) persuasion or by force
construct v. build (sth); put or fit together; form
consult v. ~ sb/sth go to (a person, book, etc) for information, advice, etc
consume v. u (sth) up
contact n. ~ state of touching (ud esp with the vs shown)
contemporary adj. ~ of the time or period being referred to; belonging to the same time
context writings preceding and following passage quoted
contract n. ~ (for sth/to do sth) legally binding agreement, usu in writing
contradict v. say sth that conflicts with by (sb), suggesting that the person is mistaken or not telling the truth contrary adj. opposite in nature, tendency or direction
溢出英文contrast v. ~ A and/with B compare so that differences are made clear
contribute v. ~ (to/towards sth) give one's share of (money, help, advice, etc) to help a joint cau
controversy n. ~ public discussion or argument, often rather angry, about sth which many people disagreewith convene v. summon to come together; arrange (a meeting, etc)
conver v. ~ (about sth); ~ (together) (fml ) talk
convert v. ~ (sth) (from sth) (into/to sth) change (sth) from one form or u to another
convince v. ~ sb make sb feel certain; cau sb to realize
cooperate to work or act together
coordinate vt. to organize or integrate (diver elements) in a harmonious operation
core n. centre of such fruits as the apple and pear, containing the eds
corporate adj. of or shared by all the members of a group; collective
correspond v. ~ be in agreement; not contradict sth or each other
couple n. two people or things that are en together or associated, esp a man and woman together create v. cau to exist; make (sth new or original)
hypothesiscredit n. permission to delay payment for goods and rvices until after they have been received; system of paying in this way
criteria n. (pl of criterion) standard by which sth is judged
crucial adj. ~ very important; decisive
culture n. refined understanding and appreciation of art, literature, etc
currency n. money system in u in a country
cycle n. ries of events that are regularly repeated in the same order
data n. facts or information ud in deciding or discussing sth
debate n. formal argument or discussion of a question, eg at a public meeting or in Parliament, with two or more opposing speakers, and often ending in a vote
decade n. period of ten years
decline v. say `no' to (sth); refu (sth offered), usu politely
deduce v. ~ sth arrive at (facts, a theory, etc) by reasoning; infer sth
define v. ~ sth state precily the meaning of (eg words)
短语练习
definite adj. clear; not doubtful
demonstrate v. ~ sth (to sb) show sth clearly by giving proof or evidence
denote v. be the name, sign or symbol of (sth); refer to
deny v. say that (sth) is not true
depress v. make sad and without enthusiasm
derive v. ~ sth from sth obtain sth from sth; get sth from sth
design n. ~ (for sth) drawing or outline from which sth may be made
despite prep without being affected by
detect v. discover or recognize that (sth) is prent
deviate v. ~ from sth stop following
device n. thing made or adapted for a special purpo
devote v. ~ onelf/sth to sb/sth give to sb/sth; dedicate ;
differentiate v. ~ between A and B; ~ A (from B) e or show (two things) to be different; show sth to be different
(from sth el)
dimension n. measurement of any sort
diminish v. become smaller or less; decrea
discrete adj. parate; distinct
discriminate v. ~ ~ A from B e or make a difference (between two things)
displace v. move from the usual or correct place
display v. ~ sth put sth on show
dispo v. place(sb/sth) in a suitable way; arrange
distinct adj. easily heard, en, felt or understood; definite
distort v. pull or twist out of its usual shape
distribute v. ~ sth parate sth into parts and give a share to each person or thing
diver adj. of different kinds; varied
document n. paper, form, book, etc giving information about sth, evidence or proof of sth
domain n. lands owned or ruled by a nobleman, government, etc
domestic adj. of the home, houhold or family
dominate v. have control of or a very strong influence on (people, events, etc)
draft n. rough preliminary written version of sth
drama n. play for the theatre, radio or TV
duration n. time during which sth lasts or continues
dynamic adj. of power or forces that produce movement
economy n. avoidance of waste (of money, strength, time, resources, etc)
edit v. prepare for publication, eg in a book, newspaper, or magazine
element n. ~ necessary or characteristic part of sth
eliminate v. ~ sb/sth remove (esp sb/sth that is not wanted or needed)
emerge v. ~ come out or up (from water, etc)
emphasis n. force or stress given to a word or words when spoken, to make the meaning clear or to show importance
empirical adj. bad on obrvation or experiment, not on theory
enable v. make able to do sth by giving him the necessary authority or means
encounter v. meet or find onelf faced by (sth/sb unpleasant, dangerous, difficult, etc)
energy n. ability to act or work with strength and eagerness
enforce v. ~ sth force people to obey (a law, etc); make sth effective
美语学院enhance v. increa make (sb/sth) look better
