新编英语词汇学教程田贵森笔记
1.What is polymy?
Having multiple meanings that are related.
2.What are the two different ways of organising polymous words? Explain them
1)The diachronic approach begins with the primary meaning and then arrange the other meanings (derived meanings) in the order in which they developed.
2)The synchronic approach begins with the most popular meaning (central meaning) and then arrange the other meanings (marginal meanings) in order of popularity.
3.What are the two different ways in which polymy develops? Explain them
1)Radiation. Secondary meanings are independent from one another and are derived directly from the primary meaning.
珍惜拥有
2)Concatenation. Secondary meanings are connected and derive from primary meaning through successive shifts of meaning from one condary meaning to another.
4.What is homonymy?
Homonyms are works different in meaning but either identical both in sound or spelling or identical only in sound or spelling.
5.Give an example of a perfect homonym, a homophone and a homograph
1)perfect homonym 同音同形 date日期/date红枣
onaccountof2)homophone 同音异形 Knew/new, meet/meat
3)homograph 异音同形 record(v.)/record(n.)
营业外支出6.Give an example of the rhetorical u of homonymy
Hi Jack （你好杰克）– hijack（打劫）
7.What is the difference between polymy and homonymy? Give an example to illustrate the difference
1)Polymy is about connection of meanings. Book can mean a book as in “I read a book”, and “I book a hotel room”. The cond meaning is related to the first one becau in the past hotel staff will write the customers’ information on a book when rerving a room.
2)homonymy is about form. Lie can mean not being honest or being in a horizontal position. The two meanings have the same form but no connection.
8.Classify the following pairs of antonyms into complementaries (binaries), contraries (gradable) or convers (relational). Explain why
chaosmen
1)Good/bad, contraries
unfortunately2)odd/even, complementaries脚踏实地英文
3)above/below, convers
4)clean/dirty, contraries
5)remember/forget, complementaries?
6)old/young, contraries
7)before/after, convers
9.What is hyponymy? Give an example
The meaning of a more specific word is included in that of a more general word.
山市 翻译例Flower is the superordinate term, ro is the subordinate term.
小学语文课堂教学模式10.What is synonymy?
Synonyms are words different in sound and spelling but nearly or exactly alike in esntial meaning.
11.What is the difference between absolute and near (relative) synonyms?
1)Absolute synonyms – interchangeable in every way
2)Near synonyms – similar in denotation but have different shades of meaning or different degrees of a given quality.
teardrops
