AS试卷评分标准
UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE INTERNATIONAL EXAMINATIONS
GCE Advanced Subsidiary Level
MARK SCHEME for the October/November 2010 question paper
for the guidance of teachers
9396 PHYSICAL EDUCATION
9396/11
Paper 1 (Theory), maximum raw mark 90
This mark scheme is published as an aid to teachers and candidates, to indicate the requirements of the examination. It shows the basis on which Examiners were instructed to award marks. It does not indicate the details of the discussions that took place at an Exami
ners’ meeting before marking began, which would have considered the acceptability of alternative answers.
Mark schemes must be read in conjunction with the question papers and the report on the examination.
CIE will not enter into discussions or correspondence in connection with the mark schemes.
CIE is publishing the mark schemes for the October/November 2010 question papers for most IGCSE, GCE Advanced Leve l
and Advanced Subsidiary Leve l sy l l abus and some Ordinary Leve l
syllabus.
Section A
Anatomy and Physiology
1 (a) (i) 6 marks for (table and one word answers acceptable)
hingeoccupations
type
joint
1 ankle
plantarflexion/extension
2 ankle
post productionmovement
boo
3 ankle working muscle soleus/gastrocnemius/plantaris
4 hip joint type ball and socket
5 hip
音标分类
extension
movement
6 hip working muscle gluteus maximus/mitendinosus/Semimembranosus/biceps
femoris (not gluteals or hamstrings) [6] (ii) 4 marks from
1 Works with the agonist muscle to control action.
2 Performs an eccentric muscle action/contraction.
3 they lengthen under tension;
4 Act to control the movement of the body/act as a brake/stabili landing.
5 as the body performs negative work/lowers body against gravity;
6 the force exerted is less than the resistance. [4]
(b) 5 marks in total
sub max 4 marks from
1 arterioles supplying blood to muscle tissue vasodilate/open;
2 arterioles supplying blood to non esntial organs vasoconstrict/clod;
3 pre-capillary
sphincters dilate in capillary beds in muscle tissue/open;
sphincters constrict in capillary beds in non esntial organs/clo.
4 pre-capillary
sub max 1 mark for
5 there is proportionally more smooth muscle in the arteriole walls than any other vesl
aiding vasodilation/vasoconstriction. [5]
4 marks in total
framerate
(c)
sub max 3 marks from
门线技术
(accept correctly annotated diagram)
1 Velocity is high as blood is pumped out of the heart (under pressure)/arteries.
2 Velocity slows down as blood travels through the arterioles.
3 Velocity is at its lowest as blood travels through the capillary bed.
4 Velocity increas as blood travels back through the venules and veins.
sub max 1 mark from
5 Velocity slows as the total cross ctional area of the blood vesl increas.
6 Velocity increas as the total cross ctional area of the blood vesls decreas.
7 Velocity needs to be at its lowest through the capillary beds to enable exchange of
gas, nutrients and waste products.
8 Venous return mechanism/muscle pump/smooth muscle/valves to stop back flow/
respiratory pump. [4]
(d) 6 marks from
1 the cardiac control centre (CCC) is located in the medulla/oblongata (brain not
非限制性定语从句accepted).
2 chemoreceptors detect changes in CO2/lactic acid (and nd stimulus to the cardiac
control centre in the medulla oblongata).
3 proprioceptors detect changes in movement (and nd stimulus to the CCC)/
mechanoreceptors.
4 baroreceptors detect changes in blood pressure (and nd stimulus to the CCC).
5 in respon the CCC decreas stimulation to the parasympathetic nerve.
6 and the CCC increas stimulation of the sympathetic nerve.
coido7 the sympathetic nerve acts on the sinuatrial node/SA node/pacemaker.
8 adrenalin (creted by adrenal glands) stimulates SA node (to increa heart rate).
9 increa in body temperature speeds up nerve impuls.
10 venous return increas on exerci (stretching cardiac muscle, increasing heart rate).
[6]
5 marks from
disturbed(e)
1 the partial pressure (pp) of oxygen is lower at altitude/less O
2 in air.
2 this lowers the diffusion gradient of oxygen between the alveoli and capillary/site of
uolexternal respiration.
3 the lower pp of oxygen means that Hb in RBC/blood is not fully saturated with oxygen/
